2018A&A...619A..41T

Query : 2018A&A...619A..41T

2018A&A...619A..41T - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 619A41-41 (2018/11-1)

Photometric variability of massive young stellar objects.

TEIXEIRA G.D.C., KUMAR M.S.N., SMITH L., LUCAS P.W., MORRIS C., BORISSOVA J., MONTEIRO M.J.P.F.G., CARATTI O GARATTI A., CONTRERAS PENA C., FROEBRICH D. and GAMEIRO J.F.

Abstract (from CDS):

The Vista Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) survey has allowed for an unprecedented number of multi-epoch observations of the southern Galactic plane. In a recent paper, 13 massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) have already been identified within the highly variable (ΔKs>1mag) YSO sample of another published work. This study aims to understand the general nature of variability in MYSOs. Here we present the first systematic study of variability in a large sample of candidate MYSOs. We examined the data for variability of the putative driving sources of all known Spitzer extended green objects (EGOs; 270) and bright 24µm sources coinciding with the peak of 870 µm detected ATLASGAL clumps (448), a total of 718 targets. Of these, 190 point sources (139 EGOs and 51 non-EGOs) displayed variability (IQR>0.05, ΔKs>0.15mag). 111 and 79 light-curves were classified as periodic and aperiodic respectively. Light-curves have been sub-classified into eruptive, dipper, fader, short-term-variable and long-period-variable-YSO categories. Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis of periodic light-curves was carried out. 1-870µm spectral energy distributions of all the variable sources were fitted with YSO models to obtain the representative properties of the variable sources. 41% of the variable sources are represented by >4M☉ objects, and only 6% were modelled as >8M☉ objects. The highest-mass objects are mostly non-EGOs, and deeply embedded, as indicated by nearly twice the extinction when compared with EGO sources. By placing them on the HR diagram we show that most of the lower mass, EGO type objects are concentrated on the putative birth-line position, while the luminous non-EGO type objects group around the zero-age-main-sequence track. Some of the most luminous far infrared (FIR) sources in the massive clumps and infrared quiet driving sources of EGOs have been missed out by this study owing to an uniform sample selection method. A high rate of detectable variability in EGO targets (139 out of 153 searched) implies that near-infrared variability in MYSOs is closely linked to the accretion phenomenon and outflow activity.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2018

Journal keyword(s): techniques: photometric - stars: formation - stars: massive - stars: pre-main sequence - stars: protostars - stars: variables: general

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/619/A41): table2.dat tablea1.dat tablea2.dat>

Simbad objects: 137

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Number of rows : 137
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 IRAS 12091-6129 of? 12 11 47.65 -61 46 20.9           ~ 27 0
2 AKARI-IRC-V1 J1216433-621424 of? 12 16 43.09392 -62 14 25.0872           ~ 4 0
3 IRAS 13050-6154 of? 13 08 12.15432 -62 10 22.8000           ~ 12 1
4 IRAS 13102-6143 of? 13 13 30.16800 -61 59 55.5684           ~ 4 0
5 MSX6C G305.4748-00.0961 Y*? 13 13 45.78312 -62 51 27.6264           ~ 18 0
6 MMB G305.573-00.342 of? 13 14 49.12 -63 05 38.4           ~ 14 0
7 EGO G305.82-0.11 of? 13 16 48.62808 -62 50 35.0556           ~ 3 0
8 EGO G305.89+0.02 of? 13 17 15.5 -62 42 24           ~ 3 0
9 EGO G309.91+0.32 of? 13 50 53.92896 -61 44 22.6176           ~ 4 0
10 2MASS J14054593-6204494 Y*? 14 05 45.93936 -62 04 49.4220           ~ 4 0
11 EGO G317.87-0.15 Y*? 14 53 16.328 -59 26 36.10           ~ 4 0
12 2MASS J14534354-5931352 Y*? 14 53 43.54368 -59 31 35.2092           ~ 4 0
13 EGO G321.94-0.01 cor 15 19 43.11480 -57 18 05.7888           ~ 4 0
14 IRAS 15272-5533 Y*O 15 31 05.07 -55 43 39.9           ~ 14 0
15 2MASS J15413587-5403426 Y*? 15 41 35.87856 -54 03 42.6528           ~ 4 0
16 SSTGLMC G326.4070+00.9255 Y*? 15 41 59.529 -53 59 02.62           ~ 6 0
17 2MASS J15433632-5357521 Y*? 15 43 36.32232 -53 57 52.1460           ~ 4 0
18 AGAL G326.647+00.749 Y*O 15 44 00.98112 -53 58 44.1048           ~ 14 0
19 SSTGLMC G326.7968+00.5124 Y*? 15 45 48.55608 -54 04 29.6364           ~ 5 0
20 EGO G326.57+0.20 Y*? 15 45 53.471 -54 27 49.99           ~ 4 0
21 IRAS 15425-5401 of? 15 46 20.83656 -54 10 45.3000           ~ 5 0
22 IRAS 15432-5501 of? 15 47 10.82904 -55 11 11.4216           ~ 5 0
23 IRAS 15437-5343 Y*O 15 47 32.73 -53 52 38.4           ~ 68 0
24 IRAS 15450-5431 Y*? 15 48 55.232 -54 40 37.59           ~ 8 0
25 EGO G327.40+0.44 of? 15 49 19.3 -53 45 10           ~ 3 0
26 EGO G327.39+0.20 of? 15 50 18.5 -53 57 07           ~ 2 0
27 EGO G326.86-0.67 of? 15 51 13.6 -54 58 03           ~ 2 0
28 EGO G327.89+0.15 Y*? 15 53 10.315 -53 40 28.42           ~ 4 0
29 SSTGLMC G327.3009-00.5791 AB? 15 53 11.18568 -54 36 48.4272           ~ 7 0
30 EGO G328.14-0.43 of? 15 56 57.6 -53 57 48           ~ 2 0
31 AGAL G329.066-00.307 HII 16 01 09.8 -53 16 01           ~ 41 0
32 OH 329.07-00.31 Y*O 16 01 09.999 -53 16 02.94           ~ 38 0
33 2MASS J16011177-5316006 Y*? 16 01 11.77080 -53 16 00.6852           ~ 5 0
34 EGO G329.16-0.29 of? 16 01 33.6 -53 11 15           ~ 3 0
35 MSX6C G329.6098+00.1139 Y*? 16 02 03.132 -52 35 32.86           ~ 19 0
36 EGO G331.62+0.53 of? 16 09 56.8 -50 56 25           ~ 3 0
37 EGO G331.71+0.60 of? 16 10 01.9 -50 49 33           ~ 5 0
38 SSTGLMC G332.3652+00.6046 Y*? 16 13 02.408 -50 22 38.79           ~ 5 0
39 EGO G332.28-0.07 Y*? 16 15 35.151 -50 55 36.22           ~ 4 0
40 EGO G332.58+0.15 of? 16 16 00.6 -50 33 30           ~ 3 0
41 EGO G332.33-0.12 Y*? 16 16 03.344 -50 55 34.27           ~ 5 0
42 EGO G332.59+0.04(b) Y*? 16 16 30.153 -50 37 50.21           ~ 4 0
43 EGO G332.59+0.04(a) Y*? 16 16 30.441 -50 37 41.16           ~ 3 0
44 EGO G332.56-0.15 of? 16 17 12.1 -50 47 14           ~ 2 0
45 EGO G332.91-0.55 of? 16 20 32.6 -50 49 46           ~ 3 0
46 MSX5C G332.8137-00.6980 Y*? 16 20 48.111 -51 00 14.72           ~ 20 0
47 EGO G332.94-0.69 of? 16 21 18.900 -50 54 10.57           ~ 4 0
48 SSTGLMC G334.0431+00.3507 Y*? 16 21 36.862 -49 23 28.63           ~ 5 0
49 EGO G335.43-0.24 of? 16 30 05.8 -48 48 44           ~ 4 0
50 EGO G335.59-0.29 of? 16 30 58.5 -48 43 51           ~ 2 0
51 EGO G336.87+0.29 of? 16 33 40.3 -47 23 32           ~ 3 0
52 AKARI-IRC-V1 J1637497-473850 of? 16 37 49.76 -47 38 50.3           ~ 5 0
53 EGO G336.96-0.98 of? 16 39 37.5 -48 10 58           ~ 3 0
54 EGO G337.30-0.87 of? 16 40 31.3 -47 51 31           ~ 3 0
55 EGO G339.95-0.54 of? 16 49 07.9 -45 37 59           ~ 3 0
56 EGO G341.20-0.26 of? 16 52 27.8 -44 29 29           ~ 3 0
57 SSTGLMC G342.1485+00.5124 Y*? 16 52 28.33728 -43 16 07.7664           ~ 5 0
58 EGO G341.24-0.27 of? 16 52 37.3 -44 28 09           ~ 3 0
59 EGO G340.75-1.00 of? 16 54 04.0 -45 18 50           ~ 3 0
60 IRAS 16510-4341 Y*? 16 54 32.82768 -43 46 45.0012           ~ 5 0
61 IRAS 16537-4426 Y*O 16 57 23.12208 -44 31 35.3136           ~ 10 0
62 EGO G343.12-0.06 of? 16 58 16.6 -42 52 04           ~ 4 0
63 EGO G343.19-0.08(a) of? 16 58 34.9 -42 49 46           ~ 4 0
64 SSTGLMC G343.4241-00.3307 Y*? 17 00 26.293 -42 48 02.87           ~ 4 0
65 SSTGLMC G343.4048-00.4008 Y*O 17 00 40.48032 -42 51 32.9328           ~ 12 0
66 EGO G343.72-0.18(a) of? 17 00 48.3 -42 28 25           ~ 3 0
67 AKARI-IRC-V1 J1701131-422747 of? 17 01 13.15 -42 27 47.6           ~ 5 0
68 EGO G343.50-0.47 of? 17 01 18.4 -42 49 36           ~ 3 0
69 SSTGLMC G343.5275-00.5057 Y*? 17 01 32.25504 -42 49 36.7248           ~ 4 0
70 OH 344.58-00.02 Y*? 17 02 57.71 -41 41 53.8           ~ 43 0
71 SSTGLMC G344.2132-00.6186 AB? 17 04 17.806 -42 21 09.22           ~ 5 0
72 EGO G348.17+0.46 of? 17 12 10.9 -38 31 59           ~ 3 0
73 EGO G347.08-0.40 of? 17 12 27.2 -39 55 18           ~ 2 0
74 IRAS 17154-3615 Y*O 17 18 51.58752 -36 18 17.4240           ~ 4 0
75 EGO G348.58-0.92 of? 17 19 10.7 -39 00 23           ~ 3 0
76 EGO G349.62-0.20 out 17 19 13.6 -37 44 28           ~ 3 0
77 EGO G351.16+0.69 out 17 19 58.0 -35 57 49           ~ 2 0
78 2MASS J17200202-3659131 out 17 20 02.02416 -36 59 13.1028           ~ 4 0
79 EGO G350.36-0.07 out 17 20 47.5 -37 03 42           ~ 2 0
80 EGO G351.53+0.71 out 17 20 56.1 -35 39 15           ~ 2 0
81 EGO G350.41-0.07 out 17 20 56.4 -37 00 48           ~ 3 0
82 SSTGLMC G351.5266+00.7033 Y*O 17 20 57.758 -35 39 37.44           ~ 7 0
83 EGO G350.02-0.52 out 17 21 40.539 -37 35 52.11           ~ 3 0
84 EGO G350.52-0.35(a) out 17 22 26.2 -37 05 05           ~ 3 0
85 EGO G349.62-1.11 out 17 22 59.810 -38 15 38.54           ~ 3 0
86 2MASS J17230055-3814100 out 17 23 00.55632 -38 14 10.0680           ~ 3 0
87 EGO G349.64-1.09 out 17 23 01.2 -38 13 52           ~ 3 0
88 EGO G349.63-1.10(b) out 17 23 01.697 -38 14 41.41           ~ 3 0
89 EGO G352.52+0.77 out 17 23 27.282 -34 48 27.64           ~ 3 0
90 EGO G352.52+0.76 out 17 23 29.8 -34 48 20           ~ 3 0
91 EGO G351.69+0.17 out 17 23 34.7 -35 49 47           ~ 2 0
92 EGO G351.05-0.39 out 17 24 05.62752 -36 40 34.1004           ~ 4 0
93 EGO G351.38-0.18 out 17 24 09.6 -36 16 49           ~ 3 0
94 EGO G351.02-0.86 out 17 25 55.571 -36 57 37.67           ~ 4 0
95 EGO G351.54-0.57 out 17 26 10.1 -36 22 05           ~ 2 0
96 SSTGLMC G351.8030-00.4491 out 17 26 25.75344 -36 04 57.4032           ~ 5 0
97 EGO G351.76-0.54 out 17 26 42.2 -36 09 59           ~ 2 0
98 EGO G351.78-0.54 out 17 26 42.6 -36 09 13           ~ 2 0
99 2MASS J17264673-3359230 Y*? 17 26 46.73712 -33 59 23.0460           ~ 18 0
100 EGO G353.46+0.56 out 17 26 51.5 -34 08 26           ~ 3 0
101 EGO G352.58-0.18 out 17 27 29.5 -35 17 15           ~ 3 0
102 2MASS J17273272-3516482 out 17 27 32.72928 -35 16 48.2700           ~ 4 0
103 EGO G352.61-0.23 out 17 27 42.9 -35 17 29           ~ 3 0
104 EGO G352.32-0.44 out 17 27 48.6 -35 39 13           ~ 3 0
105 SSTGLMC G353.4039-00.0664 out 17 29 13.77744 -34 32 20.0292           ~ 5 0
106 EGO G354.78+0.83 out 17 29 17.1 -32 53 26           ~ 2 0
107 EGO G352.13-0.94 out 17 29 22.2 -36 05 02           ~ 3 0
108 EGO G352.63-1.07 out 17 31 13.8 -35 44 09           ~ 3 0
109 EGO G354.71+0.29 out 17 31 15.4 -33 14 59           ~ 2 0
110 EGO G355.24+0.37 out 17 32 20.159 -32 45 55.87           ~ 3 0
111 EGO G355.75+0.65 out 17 32 32.0 -32 11 20           ~ 2 0
112 EGO G355.41+0.10 out 17 33 51.040 -32 45 59.46           ~ 4 0
113 EGO G355.19-0.08 out 17 34 00.0 -33 03 00           ~ 2 0
114 EGO G356.37+0.57 out 17 34 27.3 -31 42 38           ~ 3 0
115 EGO G355.54-0.10 out 17 34 59.6 -32 46 24           ~ 3 0
116 EGO G355.18-0.42 out 17 35 20.4 -33 14 28           ~ 3 0
117 EGO G355.75-0.87 out 17 38 38.0 -33 00 25           ~ 3 0
118 EGO G357.52+0.20 out 17 38 49.5 -30 56 16           ~ 3 0
119 MMB G358.460-00.391 Mas 17 43 26.7223437576 -30 27 10.741975884           ~ 11 0
120 RAFGL 6850S cor 17 43 37.72320 -30 33 51.2208           ~ 29 0
121 EGO G359.44-0.10 out 17 44 40.2 -29 28 13           ~ 3 0
122 EGO G358.84-0.74 out 17 45 44.4 -30 18 34           ~ 3 0
123 EGO G000.09-0.66 out 17 48 25.8 -29 12 05           ~ 3 0
124 EGO G358.26-2.06 out 17 49 37.6 -31 29 18           ~ 2 0
125 EGO G002.54+0.20 out 17 50 47.1 -26 39 35           ~ 3 0
126 EGO G004.83+0.23 out 17 55 49.0 -24 40 19           ~ 4 0
127 EGO G005.62-0.08 out 17 58 44.549 -24 08 35.02           ~ 5 0
128 EGO G004.63-0.67 out 17 58 47.512 -25 17 41.84           ~ 4 0
129 EGO G006.19-0.36 out 18 01 02.1 -23 47 11           ~ 3 0
130 EGO G005.88-1.00 out 18 02 49.7 -24 22 26           ~ 2 0
131 EGO G009.62+0.20 out 18 06 14.3 -20 31 27           ~ 2 0
132 MSX5C G008.6623-00.3736 out 18 06 22.184 -21 38 26.37           ~ 6 0
133 SSTGLMC G008.7035-00.3682 out 18 06 26.09208 -21 36 06.0660           ~ 5 0
134 EGO G008.72-0.36 out 18 06 26.648 -21 35 17.47           ~ 4 0
135 EGO G008.73-0.37 out 18 06 29.6 -21 34 37           ~ 2 0
136 EGO G009.81-1.06 out 18 11 19.1 -20 57 56           ~ 3 0
137 EGO G009.83-1.05 out 18 11 19.619 -20 56 29.23           ~ 4 0

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