2018ApJ...863L..33M

Query : 2018ApJ...863L..33M

2018ApJ...863L..33M - Astrophys. J., 863, L33-L33 (2018/August-3)

Discovery of extended main sequence turnoffs in Galactic open clusters.

MARINO A.F., MILONE A.P., CASAGRANDE L., PRZYBILLA N., BALAGUER-NUNEZ L., DI CRISCIENZO M., SERENELLI A. and VILARDELL F.

Abstract (from CDS):

The color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of Galactic open clusters are widely considered to be the prototypes of single stellar populations. By using photometry in ultraviolet and optical bands we discovered that the nearby young cluster NGC 6705 (M11) exhibits an extended main-sequence turnoff (eMSTO) and a broadened main sequence (MS). This is the first evidence of multiple stellar populations in a Galactic open cluster. By using high-resolution Very Large Telescope (VLT) spectra we provide direct evidence that the multiple sequences along the CMD correspond to stellar populations with different rotation rates. Specifically, the blue MS (bMS) is formed of slow-rotating stars, while red-MS (rMS) stars are fast rotators. Moreover, we exploit photometry from Gaia data release 2 (DR2) to show that three Galactic open clusters, namely NGC 2099, NGC 2360, and NGC 2818, exhibit the eMSTO, thus suggesting that it is a common feature among these objects. Our previous work on the Large Magellanic Cloud star cluster NGC 1818 shows that slowly and rapidly rotating stars populate the bMS and rMS observed in its CMD. The similarities between M11 and the young clusters of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) suggest that rotation is responsible for the appearance of multiple populations in the CMDs of both Milky Way open clusters and MCs young clusters.

Abstract Copyright: © 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Journal keyword(s): Hertzsprung-Russell and C-M diagrams - open clusters and associations: individual: (NGC 6705, NGC 2099, NGC 2360, NGC 2818)

Simbad objects: 65

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Number of rows : 65
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
2 NGC 1818 GlC 05 04 13.300 -66 26 05.47           ~ 279 0
3 NGC 1866 GlC 05 13 38.920 -65 27 52.75           ~ 437 0
4 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
5 M 37 OpC 05 52 18.6 +32 32 36           ~ 436 0
6 NGC 2360 OpC 07 17 45.8 -15 38 21           ~ 213 0
7 NGC 2818 OpC 09 16 10.8 -36 37 09           ~ 108 1
8 NGC 6705 1556 * 18 50 50.9902221408 -06 15 31.343671260   12.314 11.978     A2 12 0
9 NGC 6705 1537 * 18 50 52.0946251056 -06 17 32.125361964   13.653 13.269     A0 13 0
10 NGC 6705 1528 * 18 50 52.4389185984 -06 18 00.157609944   12.919 12.532     ~ 13 0
11 NGC 6705 1520 * 18 50 52.5439218144 -06 17 37.336954128   12.219 11.820     ~ 12 0
12 NGC 6705 1507 * 18 50 52.9727281824 -06 17 40.194506580   13.727 13.355     A0 15 0
13 NGC 6705 1490 * 18 50 53.4614400240 -06 16 09.542327628   13.175 12.893     A0 16 0
14 NGC 6705 1474 * 18 50 54.0647266829 -06 16 50.301937107   11.58 11.29     A0 21 0
15 NGC 6705 1466 * 18 50 54.3679670616 -06 14 54.363490404   12.12 11.76     A0 19 0
16 NGC 6705 1455 * 18 50 54.7415298840 -06 15 36.433099008   13.028 12.742     A0 16 0
17 NGC 6705 1426 * 18 50 55.7368741968 -06 17 29.355189576   13.541 13.164     ~ 14 0
18 NGC 6705 1381 * 18 50 56.8254124344 -06 17 07.130710824   13.688 13.351     ~ 15 0
19 NGC 6705 1378 SB* 18 50 56.9338743000 -06 16 21.479718792   12.944 12.619     A0 17 0
20 NGC 6705 1350 Be* 18 50 57.9771602832 -06 15 47.248906572   12.740 12.348     A3 14 0
21 NGC 6705 1336 * 18 50 58.3008644712 -06 15 28.456096428   11.96 11.94     A0 18 0
22 NGC 6705 1329 Be* 18 50 58.4445151032 -06 13 45.218611704   12.17 12.12     ~ 13 0
23 NGC 6705 1310 Be* 18 50 58.8412237920 -06 16 29.588298240   13.080 12.699     ~ 16 0
24 NGC 6705 1289 * 18 50 59.4456034992 -06 18 21.163225536   13.550 13.170 13.21   A0 15 0
25 NGC 6705 1281 Be* 18 50 59.5137863352 -06 15 39.798316368   12.81 12.20 12.85   A2 14 0
26 NGC 6705 1270 * 18 50 59.8133129064 -06 15 29.216364084   11.51 11.33     A0s 21 0
27 NGC 6705 1225 * 18 51 00.9278411424 -06 18 02.938207500   13.831 13.469     A0 11 0
28 NGC 6705 1221 * 18 51 00.9895821552 -06 16 52.290817536   13.007 12.629 12.74   A0 9 0
29 NGC 6705 1210 Be* 18 51 01.2691193880 -06 15 28.727364384   12.113 11.761     A0 15 0
30 NGC 6705 1205 * 18 51 01.4350597200 -06 17 50.978884992   13.576 13.186     A0 14 0
31 NGC 6705 1191 * 18 51 01.7626937160 -06 14 07.430482212   12.642 12.292     ~ 15 0
32 NGC 6705 1181 * 18 51 02.1495494472 -06 16 50.221916940   13.241 12.846     ~ 15 0
33 NGC 6705 1166 * 18 51 02.5639722312 -06 14 48.899508900   12.981 12.607     ~ 15 0
34 NGC 6705 1147 SB* 18 51 02.8640742144 -06 15 24.956183700   13.719 13.263     ~ 13 0
35 NGC 6705 1112 * 18 51 03.5913825432 -06 16 57.319284504   12.561 12.197     A2 17 0
36 Cl* NGC 6705 STR 426 SB* 18 51 03.6819159096 -06 17 35.341927080   13.269 12.907 12.92   A0V? 10 0
37 NGC 6705 OpC 18 51 03.7 -06 16 18   6.32 5.8     ~ 442 0
38 NGC 6705 1087 * 18 51 03.9247308096 -06 13 56.159135760   13.710 13.310     ~ 8 0
39 NGC 6705 1084 * 18 51 04.0724970408 -06 18 57.958352856   13.856 13.490     A0 15 0
40 NGC 6705 1077 * 18 51 04.1531329560 -06 16 20.236710648   12.352 12.033     ~ 15 0
41 NGC 6705 1057 * 18 51 04.5264187104 -06 15 40.670781156   13.298 12.938     ~ 16 0
42 NGC 6705 1049 SB* 18 51 04.6298961960 -06 16 12.431491788   12.685 12.333     A0 16 0
43 NGC 6705 1034 Be* 18 51 04.8853017312 -06 14 37.111635816   12.544 12.139     ~ 14 0
44 NGC 6705 1020 * 18 51 05.1267558504 -06 14 07.542723264   13.676 13.258     ~ 13 0
45 NGC 6705 1016 * 18 51 05.2334129616 -06 15 21.980795832   13.542 13.183     ~ 12 0
46 NGC 6705 1001 * 18 51 05.7222176376 -06 17 17.713954860   13.038 12.639     A0 15 0
47 NGC 6705 998 * 18 51 05.7722652096 -06 15 23.044097340   12.294 11.933     ~ 16 0
48 NGC 6705 992 * 18 51 05.9349163584 -06 14 34.915676280   11.62 11.59     A0V: 22 0
49 NGC 6705 965 SB* 18 51 06.5646175200 -06 14 56.298880896   12.06 11.67     ~ 14 0
50 NGC 6705 953 * 18 51 06.8744662200 -06 17 53.655834768   13.369 12.992     A0 13 0
51 NGC 6705 931 * 18 51 07.3820260320 -06 18 22.580707896   13.717 13.275     ~ 13 0
52 NGC 6705 2141 * 18 51 07.9385562024 -06 17 21.653524392   11.918 11.592     A0V 13 0
53 NGC 6705 2150 * 18 51 08.9172490080 -06 16 43.387443732           A0 8 0
54 NGC 6705 878 * 18 51 09.0719434512 -06 18 57.924203112   13.252 12.860     A0 15 0
55 NGC 6705 799 * 18 51 10.6288144200 -06 18 53.052893136   12.457 11.985     A2 14 0
56 NGC 6705 791 * 18 51 10.8637664856 -06 16 29.548233624   13.298 12.936     ~ 14 0
57 NGC 6705 789 * 18 51 10.9466521416 -06 15 04.372396164   13.666 13.238     ~ 13 0
58 NGC 6705 776 * 18 51 11.2777348416 -06 15 51.961171572   13.776 13.314     ~ 12 0
59 NGC 6705 766 * 18 51 11.6472998088 -06 18 11.456078256   13.980 13.537     A2V: 13 0
60 NGC 6705 757 * 18 51 11.9587845408 -06 18 46.279473408   12.476 15.005     ~ 12 0
61 NGC 6705 756 * 18 51 11.9637890568 -06 19 21.995939964   13.251 12.869     A0 16 0
62 NGC 6705 727 * 18 51 12.8667865302 -06 17 19.387183474   13.872 13.458     A0 15 0
63 NGC 6705 688 * 18 51 14.4217603152 -06 14 42.332881308   13.603 13.187     ~ 15 0
64 NGC 6705 674 * 18 51 15.1487757984 -06 14 43.191023460   12.752 12.280     ~ 14 0
65 NGC 6705 673 * 18 51 15.1716944856 -06 15 54.120596364   11.77 11.33 11.30   A5V 16 0

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