2018MNRAS.474.1909F

Query : 2018MNRAS.474.1909F

2018MNRAS.474.1909F - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 474, 1909-1921 (2018/February-3)

Multiple mechanisms quench passive spiral galaxies.

FRASER-MCKELVIE A., BROWN M.J.I., PIMBBLET K., DOLLEY T. and BONNE N.J.

Abstract (from CDS):

We examine the properties of a sample of 35 nearby passive spiral galaxies in order to determine their dominant quenching mechanism(s). All five low-mass (M* < 1 x 1010 M☉) passive spiral galaxies are located in the rich Virgo cluster. This is in contrast to low-mass spiral galaxies with star formation, which inhabit a range of environments. We postulate that cluster-scale gas stripping and heating mechanisms operating only in rich clusters are required to quench low-mass passive spirals, and ram-pressure stripping and strangulation are obvious candidates. For higher mass passive spirals, while trends are present, the story is less clear. The passive spiral bar fraction is high: 74 ± 15 per cent, compared with 36 ± 5 per cent for a mass, redshift and T-type matched comparison sample of star-forming spiral galaxies. The high mass passive spirals occur mostly, but not exclusively, in groups, and can be central or satellite galaxies. The passive spiral group fraction of 74 ± 15 per cent is similar to that of the comparison sample of star-forming galaxies at 61 ± 7 per cent. We find evidence for both quenching via internal structure and environment in our passive spiral sample, though some galaxies have evidence of neither. From this, we conclude no one mechanism is responsible for quenching star formation in passive spiral galaxies - rather, a mixture of mechanisms is required to produce the passive spiral distribution we see today.

Abstract Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: evolution - galaxies: general - galaxies: spiral - galaxies: stellar content

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/MNRAS/474/1909): tablea1.dat>

Simbad objects: 175

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Number of rows : 175
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 Z 498-60 GiG 00 00 37.9345223376 +28 23 04.564858164   14.9   13.25   ~ 46 0
2 NGC 7824 GiP 00 05 06.2405943024 +06 55 12.496933380   14.5       ~ 69 0
3 Z 408-26 AG? 00 05 13.8796086216 +06 46 19.204496040   14.7       ~ 74 0
4 NGC 15 GiG 00 09 02.4789649656 +21 37 28.465379148   14.9       ~ 25 0
5 NGC 23 AGN 00 09 53.411 +25 55 25.46   12.5       ~ 331 2
6 MCG-01-01-053 EmG 00 13 47.7846648288 -04 28 30.442994364   15   13.74   ~ 21 0
7 NGC 109 GiP 00 26 14.6530158504 +21 48 26.486116560   15.0       ~ 32 0
8 NGC 182 GiG 00 38 12.3790128792 +02 43 42.625591032   13.8       ~ 61 0
9 NGC 191 AG? 00 38 59.4368654688 -09 00 09.280887984   12       ~ 30 0
10 MCG-02-03-052 Sy2 00 58 23.8313312328 -08 24 27.883233684   13   12.64   ~ 26 0
11 Z 435-34 Sy2 00 59 40.1127876288 +15 19 51.498672996   14.2       ~ 60 0
12 NGC 345 GiG 01 01 22.0870895832 -06 53 03.338818116   13.5       ~ 21 0
13 NGC 357 EmG 01 03 21.8777769984 -06 20 21.083951004   12   11.62   ~ 73 0
14 Z 385-79 AG? 01 21 16.6052985720 -00 32 40.120952496   14.5       ~ 54 0
15 NGC 538 GiG 01 25 26.0630514912 -01 33 02.232061344   14.58       ~ 48 1
16 NGC 550 GiG 01 26 42.5524422336 +02 01 20.315985168   13.6       ~ 41 0
17 NGC 577 Sy2 01 30 40.7116170000 -01 59 39.719508828   14.3       ~ 43 0
18 NGC 586 GiP 01 31 36.8409308448 -06 53 37.673479392 14.32 14.10 13.16     ~ 50 1
19 NGC 656 AG? 01 42 27.2530437960 +26 08 34.971347724   13.50       ~ 48 0
20 Z 437-31 GiG 01 48 33.0997962145 +12 36 49.806839861   14.0       ~ 68 0
21 Z 437-36 LIN 01 49 00.0589808376 +13 12 39.999609288   14.11       ~ 57 1
22 NGC 716 AG? 01 52 59.6547585288 +12 42 30.693406572   14.0       ~ 104 1
23 NGC 718 GiC 01 53 13.2842245224 +04 11 44.843164296   12.52 11.67 11.10 10.29 ~ 165 0
24 NGC 748 Sy2 01 56 21.8038316568 -04 28 03.448696332   12   12.40   ~ 38 0
25 NGC 762 GiG 01 56 57.776 -05 24 10.31   13.5       ~ 45 0
26 IC 486 Sy2 08 00 20.9844002160 +26 36 48.656447136   17.05 16.36     ~ 164 0
27 NGC 2538 AG? 08 11 23.090 +03 37 58.78   13.49       ~ 38 2
28 NGC 2572 LIN 08 21 24.6274615896 +19 08 51.908361000   14.8       ~ 53 0
29 NGC 2582 LIN 08 25 12.0713307408 +20 20 05.057158848   14.3       ~ 68 0
30 NGC 2597 GiG 08 30 02.5237656792 +21 29 19.215858336   15.1       ~ 36 0
31 Z 208-16 GiG 08 33 17.8030527408 +41 15 34.343716860   15.0       ~ 22 0
32 Z 4-73 GiG 08 35 48.5245438344 +01 43 18.222774312   13.9       ~ 41 0
33 NGC 2618 AG? 08 35 53.5430063664 +00 42 25.606115604   13.9       ~ 47 0
34 Z 208-29 AGN 08 37 26.5879527816 +40 02 08.005548012   14.8       ~ 33 0
35 NGC 2648 GiP 08 42 39.8009205504 +14 17 08.220107076   12.80 11.82     ~ 91 0
36 Z 180-14 Q? 08 50 11.8098484512 +35 04 35.224755636   13.6       ~ 68 0
37 NGC 2692 LIN 08 56 58.0068579816 +52 03 57.419458812   14.18       ~ 61 1
38 NGC 2718 AGN 08 58 50.468 +06 17 34.78   14.97 14.24     ~ 102 1
39 NGC 2771 LIN 09 10 39.6636582912 +50 22 47.313323184   14.0       ~ 50 0
40 NGC 2786 LIN 09 13 35.5898164512 +12 26 26.837768832   13.8       ~ 47 0
41 Z 34-16 G 09 14 37.3219403640 +08 07 01.893880776   14.7       ~ 23 0
42 NGC 2844 GiG 09 21 48.0170367528 +40 09 04.472982288   13.6       ~ 131 0
43 Z 121-73 LIN 09 23 35.5252941960 +24 45 42.172285680   14.9       ~ 30 0
44 Z 265-13 Sy1 09 24 38.8899909384 +56 07 46.870589100   17.61 16.92     ~ 46 0
45 NGC 2878 LIN 09 25 47.4533861112 +02 05 22.577686944   14.9       ~ 40 0
46 NGC 2893 AG? 09 30 16.9542533472 +29 32 23.895492828   13.6 13.11     ~ 132 1
47 NGC 2955 GiG 09 41 16.6170758448 +35 52 56.147040624   13.90       ~ 116 0
48 Z 92-39 LIN 09 44 57.1066657152 +16 42 26.765053596   14.3       ~ 29 0
49 NGC 3039 Sy2 09 52 29.6661338304 +02 09 16.019195292   14.4       ~ 43 0
50 NGC 3053 rG 09 55 33.5977499592 +16 25 58.263164868   13.7       ~ 62 0
51 Z 182-56 LIN 10 01 03.1417994280 +36 37 06.986392788   14.7       ~ 27 0
52 NGC 3094 G 10 01 25.9394231904 +15 46 12.175678236   13.5       ~ 124 1
53 Z 93-42 LIN 10 05 47.3262791736 +14 20 19.394385000   15.3       ~ 20 0
54 Z 93-68 LIN 10 10 39.9310008024 +20 04 12.665314848   14.0       ~ 39 0
55 NGC 3169 SyG 10 14 15.0379414272 +03 27 57.941639856   13.46 12.41     ~ 381 1
56 NGC 3185 Sy2 10 17 38.5650471192 +21 41 17.573817228   12.99 12.17 12.37   ~ 308 1
57 NGC 3227 Sy1 10 23 30.5765149296 +19 51 54.282206700   12.61 11.79     ~ 1807 2
58 NGC 3304 LIN 10 37 37.8940713000 +37 27 20.383081200   14.4       ~ 38 0
59 NGC 3326 H2G 10 39 31.8598757040 +05 06 27.327802320   14.2       ~ 57 0
60 NGC 3327 Sy2 10 39 57.9313421808 +24 05 28.423816188   14.2       ~ 49 0
61 NGC 3362 Sy2 10 44 51.7308466464 +06 35 48.665072040   17.58 16.96     ~ 162 1
62 NGC 3380 GiG 10 48 12.1848022440 +28 36 06.485019660   13.6       ~ 105 0
63 Z 212-61 G 10 50 21.5971522080 +41 27 50.565275748   14.5       ~ 35 0
64 NGC 3466 AGN 10 56 15.4741527024 +09 45 15.951406896   14.6       ~ 31 0
65 NGC 3475 AGN 10 58 25.2194714568 +24 13 34.882930200   14.00       ~ 48 1
66 NGC 3470 LIN 10 58 44.9066426328 +59 30 38.523022668   14.10       ~ 38 1
67 Z 241-53 LIN 10 59 53.0651867784 +50 00 54.621980640   14.8       ~ 39 0
68 NGC 3504 LIN 11 03 11.19147 +27 58 20.7660   13.48 12.93     ~ 545 2
69 Z 125-25 LIN 11 06 51.1673474904 +23 00 58.725893556   14.9       ~ 26 0
70 NGC 3527 LIN 11 07 18.1811248152 +28 31 39.979210332   15.1       ~ 42 0
71 NGC 3649 AGN 11 22 14.740 +20 12 31.06   14.57       ~ 41 1
72 NGC 3705 GiG 11 30 07.456 +09 16 35.87 12.00 11.86 11.07     ~ 182 1
73 NGC 3720 GiP 11 32 21.5955988704 +00 48 14.526320220   13.7   12.954   ~ 89 0
74 NGC 3729 GiP 11 33 49.321 +53 07 31.79   12.2       ~ 221 1
75 NGC 3786 Sy2 11 39 42.5121341928 +31 54 33.971791752   14.62 13.74     ~ 413 1
76 NGC 3825 LIN 11 42 23.7302541144 +10 15 50.919348420   13.8   12.52   ~ 80 0
77 IC 2951 GiG 11 43 24.5562102432 +19 44 59.336307816 15.38 14.98 13.55 13.43   ~ 61 1
78 NGC 3895 LIN 11 49 04.0385633736 +59 25 57.749304468   14.0       ~ 68 0
79 NGC 3943 LIN 11 52 56.5746781632 +20 28 44.775794568   14.7   12.98   ~ 41 0
80 NGC 3947 EmG 11 53 20.3138746776 +20 45 05.918083740   14.2   12.60   ~ 118 0
81 NGC 3977 LIN 11 56 07.2090838272 +55 23 26.715842376   14.7       ~ 49 0
82 NGC 4045 AGN 12 02 42.2505701136 +01 58 36.362990064   13.144   16.938 12.1 ~ 209 1
83 Z 158-9 Sy2 12 04 43.3250093184 +31 10 38.182798092   14.82 14.01     ~ 219 1
84 Z 215-21 LIN 12 05 14.7267400704 +38 14 08.121941016   15.3       ~ 21 0
85 NGC 4090 AGN 12 05 27.9159578064 +20 18 31.419206064   15.0       ~ 45 0
86 NGC 4092 AGN 12 05 50.0703277848 +20 28 37.153297488   14.4       ~ 63 0
87 NGC 4110 LIN 12 07 03.4388466072 +18 31 54.382859256   14.7       ~ 53 0
88 Z 98-70 Sy2 12 09 32.9008999152 +17 00 51.363260244   14.8       ~ 31 0
89 NGC 4165 GiP 12 12 11.8004144880 +13 14 47.411409372 14.59 14.38 13.54     ~ 136 2
90 NGC 4260 GiP 12 19 22.2401274336 +06 05 55.291593192   13.1       ~ 174 0
91 NGC 4264 GiG 12 19 35.7585896592 +05 50 48.361567560   13.9       ~ 117 0
92 NGC 4274 LIN 12 19 50.5930710456 +29 36 53.238538764 11.78 11.34 10.41     ~ 263 1
93 NGC 4277 GiP 12 20 03.7187612736 +05 20 28.879841256   15.0       ~ 76 0
94 NGC 4305 GiP 12 22 03.6061412616 +12 44 27.305742948   13.8       ~ 126 0
95 NGC 4326 LIN 12 23 11.6336250552 +06 04 19.687107504   13.1       ~ 42 0
96 NGC 4351 GiG 12 24 01.560 +12 12 18.09   13.5       ~ 239 0
97 NGC 4369 AGN 12 24 36.204 +39 22 58.73   12.3       ~ 210 1
98 NGC 4378 Sy2 12 25 18.1024266072 +04 55 30.485595360   14.51 13.49     ~ 251 0
99 NGC 4413 GiP 12 26 32.2311385872 +12 36 38.426455080   13.6 12.25     ~ 252 1
100 Z 187-43 LIN 12 26 55.4696179824 +37 54 32.325305652   14.7       ~ 20 0
101 IC 791 LIN 12 26 59.4759203736 +22 38 22.478995608   14.2       ~ 50 0
102 NGC 4440 GiG 12 27 53.5662931608 +12 17 35.788966872   12.70 11.72     ~ 150 1
103 NGC 4448 H2G 12 28 15.428 +28 37 13.08   11.9       ~ 207 0
104 NGC 4450 LIN 12 28 29.5910654016 +17 05 05.976112020   10.90 10.08     ~ 587 2
105 NGC 4491 GiG 12 30 57.1112012592 +11 29 00.698250624   13.50 12.55     ~ 164 1
106 NGC 4492 GiG 12 30 59.7099543696 +08 04 40.424214828   14.1       ~ 139 0
107 IC 3598 Sy2 12 37 21.0660029112 +28 12 29.334988224   14.74       ~ 67 1
108 NGC 4580 LIN 12 37 48.3754581432 +05 22 06.630315636   13.1       ~ 233 0
109 NGC 4596 GiP 12 39 55.9544722920 +10 10 34.185047628   12.4       ~ 387 0
110 NGC 4608 GiG 12 41 13.2848464320 +10 09 20.336341500   12.6       ~ 206 0
111 IC 3692 AGN 12 42 53.9967864432 +20 59 23.105325300   14.80       ~ 61 0
112 NGC 4643 LIN 12 43 20.1435647088 +01 58 41.716062264   11.9       ~ 286 0
113 IC 3754 AG? 12 46 15.5388879480 +08 20 54.459025656   14.9       ~ 48 0
114 NGC 4698 Sy2 12 48 22.9082830584 +08 29 14.667552276   13.24 12.27     ~ 507 0
115 NGC 4725 Sy2 12 50 26.5716367992 +25 30 02.733090588   13.45 12.44     ~ 727 2
116 NGC 4741 LIN 12 50 59.5157876304 +47 40 17.460058836   14.5       ~ 40 0
117 NGC 4772 LIN 12 53 29.1636448512 +02 10 06.146331708 12.29 11.96 11.04     ~ 265 1
118 NGC 4819 LIN 12 56 27.8492514984 +26 59 14.687190240 14.49 14.10 13.17 12.81   ~ 84 1
119 NGC 4868 GiC 12 59 08.8827776160 +37 18 37.467461808   12.9       ~ 74 1
120 NGC 4880 GiG 13 00 10.5729961968 +12 28 59.886650244   13.3       ~ 91 0
121 NGC 4966 LIN 13 06 17.2929508536 +29 03 47.434815720   14.23 13.48     ~ 122 1
122 NGC 4983 GiG 13 08 27.2905683888 +28 19 13.839150360   14.9   12.06   ~ 45 0
123 NGC 5004C SBG 13 11 01.6918807776 +29 34 42.043580580   14.60 14.20 14.72   ~ 111 1
124 NGC 5104 AGN 13 21 23.11513 +00 20 33.3820   14.5   13.227   ~ 169 1
125 NGC 5157 LIN 13 27 16.8572117376 +32 01 50.529499752   14.408       ~ 69 0
126 NGC 5158 LIN 13 27 46.9705296888 +17 46 43.867790760   13.8       ~ 50 0
127 Z 190-13 LIN 13 29 36.4488354408 +32 24 02.518101540   14.590       ~ 28 0
128 Z 271-51 GiG 13 33 22.5257530056 +54 56 56.777824068   15.1       ~ 16 0
129 NGC 5231 Sy2 13 35 48.2437115688 +02 59 56.044488912   14.25 16.15     ~ 87 1
130 Z 190-31 GiG 13 35 49.9655720064 +34 59 56.210514216   14.6       ~ 44 0
131 IC 946 LIN 13 52 08.3543001312 +14 06 58.442691024   14.5       ~ 40 0
132 IC 950 LIN 13 52 25.6330003920 +14 29 19.253660280   15.2       ~ 20 0
133 NGC 5368 EmG 13 54 29.1505258632 +54 19 50.401799940   13.8       ~ 51 0
134 NGC 5377 AGN 13 56 16.6722507720 +47 14 08.568249072   12.39 11.46 10.87 10.25 ~ 244 1
135 NGC 5378 LIN 13 56 51.0226429536 +37 47 50.075664720   13.8       ~ 113 0
136 NGC 5375 LIN 13 56 56.0072063832 +29 09 51.653612304   12.78 12.08 11.65 11.65 ~ 130 1
137 NGC 5440 GiG 14 03 01.0401315888 +34 45 28.261378260   13.4       ~ 73 0
138 NGC 5515 Sy2 14 12 38.1549690768 +39 18 36.851498964   13.7       ~ 75 1
139 NGC 5536 GiP 14 16 23.86297 +39 30 07.9405   14.5       ~ 40 0
140 NGC 5550 GiG 14 18 27.9754917576 +12 52 59.046818376   14.2       ~ 35 0
141 IC 4405 rG 14 19 16.5810556848 +26 17 54.782726496   15.7       ~ 43 0
142 IC 4408 rG 14 21 13.132 +29 59 36.80   15.0       ~ 38 0
143 NGC 5614 GiG 14 24 07.5872943864 +34 51 31.813653924   12.6       ~ 156 1
144 Z 133-92 LIN 14 35 45.7385055936 +24 43 32.836543680   15.0       ~ 42 0
145 NGC 5695 Sy2 14 37 22.1349838776 +36 34 04.201272336   14.55 13.60     ~ 215 0
146 Z 248-36 Sy2 14 58 35.9966730912 +44 53 00.975483708   14.6       ~ 69 0
147 NGC 5837 rG 15 04 40.5946547880 +12 38 00.321482292   14.5       ~ 49 0
148 NGC 5876 LIN 15 09 31.5746010120 +54 30 23.371242012   13.9       ~ 81 0
149 Z 77-88 G 15 22 07.8255642216 +13 55 41.548582236   15.0       ~ 26 0
150 NGC 5945 LIN 15 29 45.0107554248 +42 55 07.127871060   14.1       ~ 68 0
151 NGC 5953 Sy2 15 34 32.40240 +15 11 37.7990   13.23 12.45     ~ 389 1
152 IC 4566 LIN 15 36 42.1586294592 +43 32 21.525766872   14.3       ~ 96 0
153 IC 4572 LIN 15 41 54.1961544816 +28 08 02.390629632   15.0       ~ 39 0
154 NGC 5990 Sy2 15 46 16.3702704024 +02 24 55.693907820   13.1       ~ 158 1
155 NGC 6012 AG? 15 54 13.9048137432 +14 36 04.278408300   13.209 12.420 11.870 11.195 ~ 136 0
156 Z 377-13 GiG 22 01 41.3601183312 -02 05 53.874899736   15.6       ~ 14 0
157 NGC 7311 LIN 22 34 06.7905936096 +05 34 13.172695392   13.4       ~ 125 0
158 Z 404-28 Sy1 22 40 17.0609184456 +08 03 13.539839976   15.30 14.45     ~ 202 1
159 Z 405-11 G 22 48 58.1207709336 +07 13 08.642211096   15.2       ~ 19 0
160 NGC 7383 GiG 22 49 35.6441410944 +11 33 22.949421048   15.1       ~ 33 0
161 NGC 7389 GiG 22 50 16.0657479840 +11 33 58.244484780   15.2       ~ 26 0
162 NGC 7428 AG? 22 57 19.5474956472 -01 02 56.565881196   13.80   13.2 13.1 ~ 72 0
163 Z 405-20 AG? 22 58 00.4509382464 +06 04 11.293277952   14.9       ~ 35 0
164 Z 475-9 GiG 22 58 12.9324799368 +25 13 15.086833464   15.2       ~ 22 0
165 Z 475-21 GiG 23 00 49.0964111424 +26 44 26.914281036   14.8       ~ 38 0
166 NGC 7469 Sy1 23 03 15.6 +08 52 26 12.60 13.00 12.34     ~ 2253 3
167 NGC 7483 GiG 23 05 48.2715121248 +03 32 42.256625424   14.3       ~ 57 0
168 NGC 7547 GiG 23 15 03.4468657032 +18 58 24.094165512   14.9   12.92   ~ 58 0
169 NGC 7563 LIN 23 15 55.9242198192 +13 11 46.060536984 14.48 13.87 12.81     ~ 83 1
170 IC 5298 Sy2 23 16 00.6756811155 +25 33 24.081139422   15.0       ~ 205 0
171 Z 497-9 GiG 23 22 45.8557622664 +29 08 16.234057536   15.0       ~ 34 0
172 NGC 7731 GiP 23 41 29.0818350168 +03 44 24.025713540   14.3       ~ 86 0
173 NGC 7743 Sy2 23 44 21.1607807112 +09 56 02.970989664   14.19 13.28     ~ 334 0
174 Z 432-33 GiG 23 50 19.1193214776 +10 45 26.517566376   13.94       ~ 20 0
175 Z 455-59 AGN 23 51 26.731 +20 35 10.22   14.9       ~ 237 0

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