2019ApJ...875L...3E

Query : 2019ApJ...875L...3E

2019ApJ...875L...3E - Astrophys. J., 875, L3-L3 (2019/April-2)

First M87 Event Horizon Telescope results. III. Data processing and calibration.

EVENT HORIZON TELESCOPE COLLABORATION, AKIYAMA K., ALBERDI A., ALEF W., ASADA K., AZULAY R., BACZKO A.-K., BALL D., BALOKOVIC M., BARRETT J., BINTLEY D., BLACKBURN L., BOLAND W., BOUMAN K.L., BOWER G.C., BREMER M., BRINKERINK C.D., BRISSENDEN R., BRITZEN S., BRODERICK A.E., BROGUIERE D., BRONZWAER T., BYUN D.-Y., CARLSTROM J.E., CHAEL A., CHAN C.-K., CHATTERJEE S., CHATTERJEE K., CHEN M.-T., CHEN Y., CHO I., CHRISTIAN P., CONWAY J.E., CORDES J.M., CREW G.B., CUI Y., DAVELAAR J., DE LAURENTIS M., DEANE R., DEMPSEY J., DESVIGNES G., DEXTER J., DOELEMAN S.S., EATOUGH R.P., FALCKE H., FISH V.L., FOMALONT E., FRAGA-ENCINAS R., FRIBERG P., FROMM C.M., GOMEZ J.L., GALISON P., GAMMIE C.F., GARCIA R., GENTAZ O., GEORGIEV B., GODDI C., GOLD R., GU M., GURWELL M., HADA K., HECHT M.H., HESPER R., HO L.C., HO P., HONMA M., HUANG C.-W.L., HUANG L., HUGHES D.H., IKEDA S., INOUE M., ISSAOUN S., JAMES D.J., JANNUZI B.T., JANSSEN M., JETER B., JIANG W., JOHNSON M.D., JORSTAD S., JUNG T., KARAMI M., KARUPPUSAMY R., KAWASHIMA T., KEATING G.K., KETTENIS M., KIM J.-Y., KIM J., KIM J., KINO M., KOAY J.Y., KOCH P.M., KOYAMA S., KRAMER M., KRAMER C., KRICHBAUM T.P., KUO C.-Y., LAUER T.R., LEE S.-S., LI Y.-R., LI Z., LINDQVIST M., LIU K., LIUZZO E., LO W.-P., LOBANOV A.P., LOINARD L., LONSDALE C., LU R.-S., MacDONALD N.R., MAO J., MARKOFF S., MARRONE D.P., MARSCHER A.P., MARTI-VIDAL I., MATSUSHITA S., MATTHEWS L.D., MEDEIROS L., MENTEN K.M., MIZUNO Y., MIZUNO I., MORAN J.M., MORIYAMA K., MOSCIBRODZKA M., MULLER C., NAGAI H., NAGAR N.M., NAKAMURA M., NARAYAN R., NARAYANAN G., NATARAJAN I., NERI R., NI C., NOUTSOS A., OKINO H., OLIVARES H., ORTIZ-LEON G.N., OYAMA T., OZEL F., PALUMBO D.C.M., PATEL N., PEN U.-L., PESCE D.W., PIETU V., PLAMBECK R., POPSTEFANIJA A., PORTH O., PRATHER B., PRECIADO-LOPEZ J.A., PSALTIS D., PU H.-Y., RAMAKRISHNAN V., RAO R., RAWLINGS M.G., RAYMOND A.W., REZZOLLA L., RIPPERDA B., ROELOFS F., ROGERS A., ROS E., ROSE M., ROSHANINESHAT A., ROTTMANN H., ROY A.L., RUSZCZYK C., RYAN B.R., RYGL K.L.J., SANCHEZ S., SANCHEZ-ARGUELLES D., SASADA M., SAVOLAINEN T., SCHLOERB F.P., SCHUSTER K.-F., SHAO L., SHEN Z., SMALL D., SOHN B.W., SOOHOO J., TAZAKI F., TIEDE P., TILANUS R.P.J., TITUS M., TOMA K., TORNE P., TRENT T., TRIPPE S., TSUDA S., VAN BEMMEL I., VAN LANGEVELDE H.J., VAN ROSSUM D.R., WAGNER J., WARDLE J., WEINTROUB J., WEX N., WHARTON R., WIELGUS M., WONG G.N., WU Q., YOUNG A., YOUNG K., YOUNSI Z., YUAN F., YUAN Y.-F., ZENSUS J.A., ZHAO G., ZHAO S.-S., ZHU Z., CAPPALLO R., FARAH J.R., FOLKERS T.W., MEYER-ZHAO Z., MICHALIK D., NADOLSKI A., NISHIOKA H., PRADEL N., PRIMIANI R.A., SOUCCAR K., VERTATSCHITSCH L. and YAMAGUCHI P.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the calibration and reduction of Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) 1.3 mm radio wavelength observations of the supermassive black hole candidate at the center of the radio galaxy M87 and the quasar 3C 279, taken during the 2017 April 5-11 observing campaign. These global very long baseline interferometric observations include for the first time the highly sensitive Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA); reaching an angular resolution of 25 µas, with characteristic sensitivity limits of ∼1 mJy on baselines to ALMA and ∼10 mJy on other baselines. The observations present challenges for existing data processing tools, arising from the rapid atmospheric phase fluctuations, wide recording bandwidth, and highly heterogeneous array. In response, we developed three independent pipelines for phase calibration and fringe detection, each tailored to the specific needs of the EHT. The final data products include calibrated total intensity amplitude and phase information. They are validated through a series of quality assurance tests that show consistency across pipelines and set limits on baseline systematic errors of 2% in amplitude and 1° in phase. The M87 data reveal the presence of two nulls in correlated flux density at ∼3.4 and ∼8.3 Gλ and temporal evolution in closure quantities, indicating intrinsic variability of compact structure on a timescale of days, or several light-crossing times for a few billion solar-mass black hole. These measurements provide the first opportunity to image horizon-scale structure in M87.

Abstract Copyright: © 2019. The American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): black hole physics - galaxies: individual: (M87, 3C279) - galaxies: jets - techniques: high angular resolution - techniques: interferometric

Simbad objects: 9

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Number of rows : 9
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 1052 Bla 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1397 2
2 PG 0851+202 BLL 08 54 48.8749846272 +20 06 30.639583620   15.649 15.146 15.446   ~ 2513 1
3 NAME Knot in M87 Jet PoG 12 30 49.355 +12 23 28.32           ~ 233 0
4 NAME M87 Jet Rad 12 30 49.423 +12 23 28.04           ~ 315 1
5 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
6 3C 279 Bla 12 56 11.16657958 -05 47 21.5251510   18.01 17.75 15.87   ~ 3205 2
7 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
8 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
9 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4970 3

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