2020A&A...635A..32C

Query : 2020A&A...635A..32C

2020A&A...635A..32C - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 635A32-32 (2020/3-1)

Molecular gas in distant brightest cluster galaxies.

CASTIGNANI G., COMBES F., SALOME P. and FREUNDLICH J.

Abstract (from CDS):

The mechanisms governing the stellar mass assembly and star formation history of brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) are still being debated. By means of new and archival molecular gas observations we investigate the role of dense megaparsec-scale environments in regulating the fueling of star formation in distant BCGs, through cosmic time. We observed in CO with the IRAM 30 m telescope two star-forming BCGs belonging to SpARCS clusters, namely, 3C 244.1 (z=0.4) and SDSS J161112.65+550823.5 (z=0.9), and compared their molecular gas and star formation properties with those of a compilation of ∼100 distant cluster galaxies from the literature, including nine additional distant BCGs at z∼0.4-3.5. We set robust upper limits of MH2<1.0x1010M☉ and <2.8x1010M☉ to their molecular gas content, respectively, and to the ratio of molecular gas to stellar mass M(H2)/M*≤0.2 and depletion time τdep≤40Myr of the two targeted BCGs. They are thus among the distant cluster galaxies with the lowest gas fractions and shortest depletion times. The majority (64%±15% and 73%±18%) of the 11 BCGs with observations in CO have lower M(H2)/M* values and τdep, respectively, than those estimated for main sequence galaxies. Statistical analysis also tentatively suggests that the values of M(H2)/M* and τdep for the 11 BCGs deviates, with a significance of ∼2σ, from those of the comparison sample of cluster galaxies. A morphological analysis for a subsample of seven BCGs with archival HST observations reveals that 71%±17% of the BCGs are compact or show star-forming components or substructures. Our results suggest a scenario where distant star-forming BCGs assemble a significant fraction ∼16% of their stellar mass on the relatively short timescale ~τdep, while environmental mechanisms might prevent the replenishment of gas feeding the star formation. We speculate that compact components also favor the rapid exhaustion of molecular gas and ultimately help to quench the BCGs. Distant star-forming BCGs are excellent targets for ALMA and for next-generation telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2020

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: star formation - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: active - molecular data

Simbad objects: 127

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Number of rows : 127
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 [GSM2009] MIPS J002621.7+171925.7 G 00 26 21.70 +17 19 25.7           ~ 5 0
2 ZwCl 0024+1652 ClG 00 26 35.6 +17 09 32     18.35     ~ 648 1
3 [GSM2009] MIPS J002652.5+171359.9 G 00 26 52.50 +17 13 59.9           ~ 4 0
4 [MET2005] 06.765210+17.191099 GiC 00 27 03.650 +17 11 27.96         19.037 ~ 9 0
5 [GSM2009] MIPS J002715.0+171245.6 G 00 27 15.00 +17 12 45.6           ~ 4 0
6 [GSM2009] MIPS J002721.0+165947.3 G 00 27 21.00 +16 59 47.3           ~ 5 0
7 [BRF2015] HELAISS02.2 smm 00 38 23.313 -43 36 58.97           ~ 3 0
8 [BRF2015] HELAISS02.1 smm 00 38 23.482 -43 37 05.56           ~ 3 0
9 1HERMES S250 J003823.6-433707 IR 00 38 23.587 -43 37 04.15           ~ 8 0
10 [BRF2015] HELAISS02.0 smm 00 38 23.762 -43 37 06.10           ~ 3 0
11 ClG J0218-0510 ClG 02 18 21.3 -05 10 27           ~ 82 0
12 [SWM2014] UDS 30169 AGN 02 18 22.94861 -05 10 29.0960           ~ 4 0
13 [SWM2014] UDS 30545 AGN 02 18 23.9 -05 10 26           ~ 5 0
14 1HERMES S250 J021942.7-052436 G 02 19 42.840 -05 24 35.11           ~ 12 0
15 SpARCS J022426-032331 ClG 02 24 26.32 -03 23 30.7           ~ 17 0
16 SpARCS J022545-035517 ClG 02 25 45.55 -03 55 17.1           ~ 17 0
17 NVSS J024227-003440 Rad 02 42 27.218 -00 34 41.83           ~ 4 0
18 DES J024521.75-003229.7 rG 02 45 21.751200 -00 32 29.78160           ~ 3 0
19 NGC 1275 Bla 03 19 48.1599902040 +41 30 42.108850836   13.10 12.48 11.09   ~ 4243 3
20 SpARCS J033056-284300 ClG 03 30 55.87 -28 42 59.7           ~ 18 0
21 EIS-DEEP CDFS-3 J 1 1467 AGN 03 32 23.3376 -27 51 56.870   26.0596   23.42 23.4515 ~ 36 0
22 [ISS2013] T G 08 49 32.96 +02 14 39.7           ~ 8 0
23 H-ATLAS J084933.4+021443 G 08 49 33.49 +02 14 44.4           ~ 38 0
24 [ISS2013] W G 08 49 33.59 +02 14 44.6           ~ 8 0
25 [ISS2013] M G 08 49 33.80 +02 14 45.6           ~ 6 0
26 [ISS2013] C G 08 49 33.91 +02 14 45.0           ~ 6 0
27 [JCR2013] GAL0926+1242B G 09 26 32.050 +12 42 12.36           ~ 5 0
28 [JCR2013] GAL0926+1242A G 09 26 32.260 +12 42 11.72           ~ 4 0
29 ClG J0926+1242 ClG 09 26 36.6 +12 42 59           ~ 43 0
30 4C 39.25 Bla 09 27 03.01394144 +39 02 20.8518067   17.17 17.00 16.486   ~ 1036 1
31 IRC +10216 C* 09 47 57.40632 +13 16 43.5648           C9,5e 2455 0
32 NVSS J095828+015456 rG 09 58 28.605 +01 54 58.88 24.88 24.59 23.75 23.22 22.11 ~ 21 0
33 AS2COS 0059.1 rG 10 00 20.690 +02 35 20.37           ~ 116 0
34 COSMOS2015 678419 G 10 00 54.96 +02 19 47.2   27.29 26.16 25.90 25.80 ~ 11 0
35 COSMOS2015 696949 G 10 00 56.20 +02 21 23.7 27.17 26.09 25.31 25.24 25.00 ~ 7 0
36 COSMOS2015 689203 G 10 00 56.59 +02 20 41.6 26.94 25.90 25.18 24.85 24.79 ~ 7 0
37 ZFOURGE COSMOS 16065 G 10 00 56.74 +02 20 55.8 25.93 25.55 25.04 24.94 24.86 ~ 8 0
38 AS2COS 0003.4 G 10 00 56.88 +02 20 08.6   25.559 25.478     ~ 17 0
39 [MMS2013] 131079 mm 10 00 56.880 +02 20 14.93           ~ 5 0
40 [MMS2013] 130842 mm 10 00 56.900 +02 20 09.70           ~ 6 0
41 AS2COS 0003.1 rG 10 00 56.946 +02 20 17.35           ~ 20 0
42 AS2COS 0003.3 rG 10 00 57.272 +02 20 12.65           ~ 16 0
43 COSMOS2015 684410 G 10 00 57.400 +02 20 10.83           ~ 12 0
44 [MMS2013] 131904 G 10 00 57.48 +02 20 53.1 25.78 26.12 26.42 25.16 25.65 ~ 6 0
45 AS2COS 0003.2 G 10 00 57.565 +02 20 11.26           ~ 16 0
46 COSMOS2015 670888 G 10 00 59.70 +02 19 09.2   26.59 25.90 25.95 25.60 ~ 6 0
47 ClG J1001+0220 ClG 10 01.0 +02 20           ~ 54 0
48 ACS-GC 20082128 rG 10 02 09.05 +02 16 02.5     24.856   22.616 ~ 18 0
49 NVSS J100229+021717 rG 10 02 28.773 +02 17 21.97 25.98 25.19 24.62 24.41 24.19 ~ 19 0
50 COSMOS2015 191214 G 10 02 40.43 +01 34 13.1   23.743 23.827     ~ 4 0
51 COSMOS2015 192415 G 10 02 43.36 +01 34 20.9   24.753 24.563     ~ 4 0
52 SDSS J101540.20+384913.7 G 10 15 40.1994251400 +38 49 13.671179256           ~ 3 0
53 [JPV2013] IJ101611.14+384924.7 G 10 16 11.1316562784 +38 49 24.349057644   19.28   17.43   ~ 7 0
54 SDSS J101618.04+390613.4 G 10 16 18.047 +39 06 13.40   20.15   18.29   ~ 6 0
55 ACO 963 ClG 10 17 03.4 +39 02 56           ~ 414 0
56 [JPV2013] IJ101727.74+384628.6 G 10 17 27.730 +38 46 27.84   20.09   18.52   ~ 4 0
57 [JPV2013] IJ101730.00+385831.1 G 10 17 30.008 +38 58 30.64   20.99   19.40   ~ 4 0
58 3C 244.1 QSO 10 33 33.9860997312 +58 14 35.611906344   19.0 19.0     ~ 191 1
59 Z 184-6 AG? 10 42 42.787 +34 26 57.39   13.31 13.09 12.84 12.85 ~ 173 0
60 6C 104451+715930 Bla 10 48 27.61992778 +71 43 35.9384142     19.0 17.49   ~ 270 1
61 SpARCS J104922+564032 ClG 10 49 22.60 +56 40 32.5           ~ 37 0
62 PKS J1140-2628 rG 11 40 48.35884 -26 29 08.6316     22.00     ~ 325 1
63 NAME SMM J123652+621225 smm 12 36 51.976 +62 12 25.80           ~ 186 0
64 [PSD2006] GN20.2a G 12 37 08.840 +62 22 02.37     25.150     ~ 49 0
65 [MOD2010] 10241 rG 12 37 09.73 +62 22 02.5           ~ 23 0
66 NAME SMM J123711+622212 rG 12 37 11.92 +62 22 12.1   27.1786 25.185   24.4196 ~ 237 0
67 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4565 4
68 [JCR2013] GAL1416+4446 G 14 16 19.524 +44 43 57.12           ~ 4 0
69 [VMF98] 158 ClG 14 16 28.1 +44 46 38           ~ 50 0
70 6C 141804+543700 BLL 14 19 46.5974051952 +54 23 14.787857796   16.17 15.65 14.16   ~ 630 1
71 [ZSB2013] J142626.1+333826 G 14 26 26.12 +33 38 26.8           ~ 3 0
72 ISCS J1426.5+3339 ClG 14 26 30.42 +33 39 33.2           ~ 10 0
73 ISCS J1432.4+3332 ClG 14 32 29.18 +33 32 36.0           ~ 20 0
74 [WPA2012] SST24 J143235.8+333632 G 14 32 35.8 +33 36 32           ~ 4 0
75 ClG J1449+0856 ClG 14 49.0 +08 56           ~ 70 0
76 [SDG2016] 13 G 14 49 14.05 +08 56 31.2           ~ 7 0
77 [SCD2018] A1 G 14 49 14.09 +08 56 25.3           ~ 6 0
78 [SDG2016] 3 G 14 49 14.18 +08 56 22.2           ~ 6 0
79 [SDG2016] 6 G 14 49 14.38 +08 56 16.0           ~ 7 0
80 [SCD2018] HS7 G 14 49 14.45 +08 56 23.3           ~ 6 0
81 [SCD2018] HN7 G 14 49 14.47 +08 56 23.6           ~ 6 0
82 [SKH2018] 43 EmG 16 01 10.617 -00 31 07.85           ~ 2 0
83 [SKH2018] 54 EmG 16 01 11.191 -00 31 18.87           ~ 2 0
84 [SKH2018] 59 EmG 16 01 11.441 -00 31 19.23           ~ 2 0
85 [SKH2018] 64 EmG 16 01 11.703 -00 31 11.78           ~ 2 0
86 [SKH2018] 73 EmG 16 01 12.501 -00 30 53.49           ~ 2 0
87 NAME USS 1558-003 Protocluster PCG 16 01 17.0 -00 28 48           ~ 26 0
88 [SKH2018] 137 EmG 16 01 17.939 -00 28 32.18           ~ 2 0
89 ELAIS N1 reg 16 10 01 +54 30.6           ~ 489 0
90 SDSS J161112.65+550823.5 AGN 16 11 12.667 +55 08 23.72       21.00 21.25 ~ 10 0
91 SDSS J162508.62+423400.3 G 16 25 08.62776 +42 34 00.3756   19.57   18.10   ~ 4 0
92 [JPV2013] IJ162523.68+422740.9 G 16 25 23.68 +42 27 40.9   19.90   18.28   ~ 3 0
93 SDSS J162644.64+422529.7 G 16 26 44.6439312384 +42 25 29.735063688           ~ 5 0
94 ACO 2192 ClG 16 27 24.4 +42 40 43           ~ 65 0
95 3C 345 Bla 16 42 58.80997043 +39 48 36.9939552   16.81 16.59 16.84   ~ 1808 3
96 [LTK2017] HAE16 G 21 07 14.646 +23 31 15.45           ~ 4 0
97 NAME 4C 23.56 Protocluster PCG 21 07 14.82 +23 31 45.0           ~ 11 0
98 4C 23.56 rG 21 07 15.080 +23 31 43.71           ~ 117 1
99 [TDK2011] 356 EmG 21 07 15.70 +23 31 13.9           ~ 5 0
100 [TDK2011] 431 EmG 21 07 15.93 +23 31 27.5           ~ 5 0
101 [TDK2011] 153 EmG 21 07 16.96 +23 30 30.5           ~ 6 0
102 [TDK2011] 354 EmG 21 07 21.03 +23 31 13.9           ~ 5 0
103 [TDK2011] 479 EmG 21 07 21.63 +23 31 41.2           ~ 5 0
104 [TDK2011] 511 EmG 21 07 22.58 +23 31 43.4           ~ 5 0
105 SSTU J221556.92-173804.7 GiC 22 15 56.92 -17 38 05.0         23.03 ~ 7 0
106 [HLS2010] 35 GiC 22 15 57.23 -17 37 53.2   25.15     23.78 ~ 14 0
107 [BMC2017] XMM2215 940 G 22 15 57.28 -17 37 58.0           ~ 6 0
108 [BMC2017] XMM2215 919 G 22 15 57.51 -17 38 00.5           ~ 6 0
109 [HKK2017] ALMA.B3.9 G 22 15 57.76 -17 37 45.2           ~ 4 0
110 [BMC2017] XMM2215 732 G 22 15 58.05 -17 38 18.7           ~ 6 0
111 [BMC2017] XMM2215 776 G 22 15 58.16 -17 38 14.5           ~ 8 0
112 SSTU J221558.22-173822.1 G 22 15 58.23 -17 38 22.2           ~ 9 0
113 ClG J2215-1738 ClG 22 15 58.5 -17 38 03           ~ 106 0
114 [BMC2017] XMM2215 1051 G 22 15 58.54 -17 37 47.7           ~ 8 0
115 [SSS2017] 1 G 22 15 58.75 -17 37 41.0           ~ 5 0
116 [HKK2017] ALMA.B3.4 G 22 15 59.52 -17 37 54.2           ~ 5 0
117 SSTU J221559.68-173758.9 GiC 22 15 59.72 -17 37 59.0           ~ 10 0
118 [HKK2017] ALMA.B3.13 G 22 15 59.77 -17 38 16.7           ~ 5 0
119 [HKK2017] ALMA.B3.17 G 22 16 00.38 -17 38 57.7           ~ 4 0
120 SSTU J221600.38-173750.5 GiC 22 16 00.41 -17 37 50.7         23.52 ~ 9 0
121 [HKK2017] ALMA.B3.15 G 22 16 00.83 -17 38 32.5           ~ 4 0
122 [HKK2017] ALMA.B3.16 G 22 16 00.92 -17 38 31.5           ~ 4 0
123 NAME SSA22 Protocluster PCG 22 17 34.0 +00 17 01           ~ 175 0
124 NAME SMM J221735.15+001537.2 G 22 17 35.15 +00 15 37.4   26.1       ~ 21 0
125 3C 454.3 Bla 22 53 57.7480438728 +16 08 53.561508864   16.57 16.10 15.22   ~ 3004 2
126 PCCS1 545 G073.39-57.52 reg 23 15 -04.3           ~ 7 0
127 ACT-CL J2344.7-4243 ClG 23 44 43.9 -42 43 11           ~ 229 0

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