2020A&A...640A..69K

Query : 2020A&A...640A..69K

2020A&A...640A..69K - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 640A69-69 (2020/8-1)

Event Horizon Telescope imaging of the archetypal blazar 3C 279 at an extreme 20 microarcsecond resolution.

KIM J.-Y., KRICHBAUM T.P., BRODERICK A.E., WIELGUS M., BLACKBURN L., GOMEZ J.L., JOHNSON M.D., BOUMAN K.L., CHAEL A., AKIYAMA K., JORSTAD S., MARSCHER A.P., ISSAOUN S., JANSSEN M., CHAN C.-K., SAVOLAINEN T., PESCE D.W., OZEL F., ALBERDI A., ALEF W., ASADA K., AZULAY R., BACZKO A.-K., BALL D., BALOKOVIC M., BARRETT J., BINTLEY D., BOLAND W., BOWER G.C., BREMER M., BRINKERINK C.D., BRISSENDEN R., BRITZEN S., BROGUIERE D., BRONZWAER T., BYUN D.-Y., CARLSTROM J.E., CHATTERJEE S., CHATTERJEE K., CHEN M.-T., CHEN Y., CHO I., CHRISTIAN P., CONWAY J.E., CORDES J.M., CREW G.B., CUI Y., DAVELAAR J., DE LAURENTIS M., DEANE R., DEMPSEY J., DESVIGNES G., DEXTER J., DOELEMAN S.S., EATOUGH R.P., FALCKE H., FISH V.L., FOMALONT E., FRAGA-ENCINAS R., FRIBERG P., FROMM C.M., GALISON P., GAMMIE C.F., GARCIA R., GENTAZ O., GEORGIEV B., GODDI C., GOLD R., GOMEZ-RUIZ A.I., GU M., GURWELL M., HADA K., HECHT M.H., HESPER R., HO L.C., HO P., HONMA M., HUANG C.-W.L., HUANG L., HUGHES D.H., IKEDA S., INOUE M., JAMES D.J., JANNUZI B.T., JETER B., JIANG W., JIMENEZ-ROSALES A., JUNG T., KARAMI M., KARUPPUSAMY R., KAWASHIMA T., KEATING G.K., KETTENIS M., KIM J., KIM J., KINO M., KOAY J.Y., KOCH P.M., KOYAMA S., KRAMER M., KRAMER C., KUO C.-Y., LAUER T.R., LEE S.-S., LI Y.-R., LI Z., LINDQVIST M., LICO R., LIU K., LIUZZO E., LO W.-P., LOBANOV A.P., LOINARD L., LONSDALE C., LU R.-S., MacDONALD N.R., MAO J., MARKOFF S., MARRONE D.P., MARTI-VIDAL I., MATSUSHITA S., MATTHEWS L.D., MEDEIROS L., MENTEN K.M., MIZUNO Y., MIZUNO I., MORAN J.M., MORIYAMA K., MOSCIBRODZKA M., MUSOKE G., MULLER C., NAGAI H., NAGAR N.M., NAKAMURA M., NARAYAN R., NARAYANAN G., NATARAJAN I., NERI R., NI C., NOUTSOS A., OKINO H., OLIVARES H., ORTIZ-LEON G.N., OYAMA T., PALUMBO D.C.M., PARK J., PATEL N., PEN U.-L., PIETU V., PLAMBECK R., POPSTEFANIJA A., PORTH O., PRATHER B., PRECIADO-LOPEZ J.A., PSALTIS D., PU H.-Y., RAMAKRISHNAN V., RAO R., RAWLINGS M.G., RAYMOND A.W., REZZOLLA L., RIPPERDA B., ROELOFS F., ROGERS A., ROS E., ROSE M., ROSHANINESHAT A., ROTTMANN H., ROY A.L., RUSZCZYK C., RYAN B.R., RYGL K.L.J., SANCHEZ S., SANCHEZ-ARGUELLES D., SASADA M., SCHLOERB F.P., SCHUSTER K.-F., SHAO L., SHEN Z., SMALL D., SOHN B.W., SOOHOO J., TAZAKI F., TIEDE P., TILANUS R.P.J., TITUS M., TOMA K., TORNE P., TRENT T., TRAIANOU E., TRIPPE S., TSUDA S., VAN BEMMEL I., VAN LANGEVELDE H.J., VAN ROSSUM D.R., WAGNER J., WARDLE J., WARD-THOMPSON D., WEINTROUB J., WEX N., WHARTON R., WONG G.N., WU Q., YOON D., YOUNG A., YOUNG K., YOUNSI Z., YUAN F., YUAN Y.-F., ZENSUS J.A., ZHAO G., ZHAO S.-S., ZHU Z., ALGABA J.-C., ALLARDI A., AMESTICA R., ANCZARSKI J., BACH U., BAGANOFF F.K., BEAUDOIN C., BENSON B.A., BERTHOLD R., BLANCHARD J.M., BLUNDELL R., BUSTAMENTE S., CAPPALLO R., CASTILLO-DOMINGUEZ E., CHANG C.-C., CHANG S.-H., CHANG S.-C., CHEN C.-C., CHILSON R., CHUTER T.C., CORDOVA ROSADO R., COULSON I.M., CROWLEY J., DEROME M., DEXTER M., DORNBUSCH S., DUDEVOIR K.A., DZIB S.A., ECKART A., ECKERT C., ERICKSON N.R., EVERETT W.B., FABER A., FARAH J.R., FATH V., FOLKERS T.W., FORBES D.C., FREUND R., GALE D.M., GAO F., GEERTSEMA G., GRAHAM D.A., GREER C.H., GROSSLEIN R., GUETH F., HAGGARD D., HALVERSON N.W., HAN C.-C., HAN K.-C., HAO J., HASEGAWA Y., HENNING J.W., HERNANDEZ-GOMEZ A., HERRERO-ILLANA R., HEYMINCK S., HIROTA A., HOGE J., HUANG Y.-D., IMPELLIZZERI C.M.V., JIANG H., JOHN D., KAMBLE A., KEISLER R., KIMURA K., KONO Y., KUBO D., KURODA J., LACASSE R., LAING R.A., LEITCH E.M., LI C.-T., LIN L.C.-C., LIU C.-T., LIU K.-Y., LU L.-M., MARSON R.G., MARTIN-COCHER P.L., MASSINGILL K.D., MATULONIS C., McCOLL M.P., McWHIRTER S.R., MESSIAS H., MEYER-ZHAO Z., MICHALIK D., MONTANA A., MONTGOMERIE W., MORA-KLEIN M., MUDERS D., NADOLSKI A., NAVARRO S., NEILSEN J., NGUYEN C.H., NISHIOKA H., NORTON T., NOWAK M.A., NYSTROM G., OGAWA H., OSHIRO P., OYAMA T., PARSONS H., PENALVER J., PHILLIPS N.M., POIRIER M., PRADEL N., PRIMIANI R.A., RAFFIN P.A., RAHLIN A.S., REILAND G., RISACHER C., RUIZ I., SAEZ-MADAIN A.F., SASSELLA R., SCHELLART P., SHAW P., SILVA K.M., SHIOKAWA H., SMITH D.R., SNOW W., SOUCCAR K., SOUSA D., SRIDHARAN T.K., SRINIVASAN R., STAHM W., STARK A.A., STORY K., TIMMER S.T., VERTATSCHITSCH L., WALTHER C., WEI T.-S., WHITEHORN N., WHITNEY A.R., WOODY D.P., WOUTERLOOT J.G.A., WRIGHT M., YAMAGUCHI P., YU C.-Y., ZEBALLOS M., ZHANG S., ZIURYS L. (The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration)

Abstract (from CDS):

3C 279 is an archetypal blazar with a prominent radio jet that show broadband flux density variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. We use an ultra-high angular resolution technique - global Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) at 1.3mm (230GHz) - to resolve the innermost jet of 3C 279 in order to study its fine-scale morphology close to the jet base where highly variable γ-ray emission is thought to originate, according to various models. The source was observed during four days in April 2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope at 230GHz, including the phased Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), at an angular resolution of ∼20µas (at a redshift of z=0.536 this corresponds to ∼0.13pc∼1700 Schwarzschild radii with a black hole mass MBH=8x108M☉). Imaging and model-fitting techniques were applied to the data to parameterize the fine-scale source structure and its variation. We find a multicomponent inner jet morphology with the northernmost component elongated perpendicular to the direction of the jet, as imaged at longer wavelengths. The elongated nuclear structure is consistent on all four observing days and across different imaging methods and model-fitting techniques, and therefore appears robust. Owing to its compactness and brightness, we associate the northern nuclear structure as the VLBI "core". This morphology can be interpreted as either a broad resolved jet base or a spatially bent jet. We also find significant day-to-day variations in the closure phases, which appear most pronounced on the triangles with the longest baselines. Our analysis shows that this variation is related to a systematic change of the source structure. Two inner jet components move non-radially at apparent speeds of ∼15c and ∼20c (∼1.3 and ∼1.7µas/day, respectively), which more strongly supports the scenario of traveling shocks or instabilities in a bent, possibly rotating jet. The observed apparent speeds are also coincident with the 3C 279 large-scale jet kinematics observed at longer (cm) wavelengths, suggesting no significant jet acceleration between the 1.3mm core and the outer jet. The intrinsic brightness temperature of the jet components are ≤1010K, a magnitude or more lower than typical values seen at ≥7mm wavelengths. The low brightness temperature and morphological complexity suggest that the core region of 3C 279 becomes optically thin at short (mm) wavelengths.

Abstract Copyright: © J.-Y. Kim et al. 2020

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: active - galaxies: jets - galaxies: individual: 3C 279 - techniques: interferometric

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/640/A69): list.dat tables/* INVENTORY.txt LICENSE.txt README.md run.sh csv/* tgz/* txt/* uvfits/*>

Simbad objects: 12

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Number of rows : 12
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 1275 Bla 03 19 48.1599902040 +41 30 42.108850836   13.10 12.48 11.09   ~ 4243 3
2 4C 71.07 Bla 08 41 24.36528508 +70 53 42.1730435     17.30 16.8   ~ 818 1
3 PG 0851+202 BLL 08 54 48.8749846272 +20 06 30.639583620   15.649 15.146 15.446   ~ 2513 1
4 Ton 599 Bla 11 59 31.83391383 +29 14 43.8268224   14.80 14.41 17.652 13.39 ~ 989 1
5 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
6 3C 279 Bla 12 56 11.16657958 -05 47 21.5251510   18.01 17.75 15.87   ~ 3205 2
7 3C 345 Bla 16 42 58.80997043 +39 48 36.9939552   16.81 16.59 16.84   ~ 1808 3
8 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
9 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4970 3
10 MCG+07-41-003 Bla 19 59 28.35656837 +40 44 02.0972325   16.22 15.10     ~ 2537 2
11 QSO B2136+1410 Bla 21 39 01.30926630 +14 23 35.9921774     18.90 18.22   ~ 264 1
12 4C 11.69 Bla 22 32 36.40890093 +11 43 50.9040592   17.75 17.33     ~ 1205 2

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