2020ApJ...903..111T

Query : 2020ApJ...903..111T

2020ApJ...903..111T - Astrophys. J., 903, 111-111 (2020/November-2)

HCN J = 4-3, HNC J = 1-0, H13CN J = 1-0, and HC3N J = 10-9 maps of Galactic Center region. II. Physical properties of dense-gas clumps and probability of star formation.

TANAKA K., NAGAI M., KAMEGAI K., IINO T. and SAKAI T.

Abstract (from CDS):

We report a statistical analysis exploring the origin of the overall low star formation efficiency (SFE) of the Galactic central molecular zone (CMZ) and the SFE diversity among the CMZ clouds using a wide-field HCN J = 4-3 map, whose optically thin critical density (∼107cm–3) is the highest among the tracers ever used in CMZ surveys. Logistic regression is performed to empirically formulate star formation probability of 195 HCN clumps, 13 of which contain star formation signatures. The explanatory parameters in the best-fit model are reduced into the virial parameter αvir without significant contribution from other parameters, whereas the performance of the model without αvir is no better than that using randomly generated data. The threshold αvir is 6, which translates into a volume density (nH2_) of 104.6cm–3 with the nH2–αvir_ correlation. The scarcity of the low-αvir clumps, whose fraction to all HCN clumps is 0.1, can be considered as one of the immediate causes of the suppressed SFE. No correlation between the clump size or mass and star formation probability is found, implying that HCN J = 4-3 does not immediately trace the mass of star-forming gas above a threshold density. Meanwhile, star-forming and non-star-forming clouds are degenerate in the physical parameters of the CS J = 1-0 clouds, highlighting the efficacy of the HCN J = 4-3 line to probe star-forming regions in the CMZ. The timescale of the high-αvir to low-αvir transition is ≲2Myr, which is consistent with the tidal compression and X1/X2 orbit transition models but possibly does not fit the cloud-cloud collision picture.

Abstract Copyright: © 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Journal keyword(s): Star formation - Galactic center - Molecular clouds

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/903/111): table1.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 1: [TNK2020] NNN (Nos 1-195).

Simbad objects: 207

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Number of rows : 207
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 6226 1
2 [TNK2020] 1 cor 17 44 09 -29 25.7           ~ 1 0
3 [TNK2020] 4 cor 17 44 10 -29 25.2           ~ 1 0
4 [TNK2020] 2 cor 17 44 14 -29 25.8           ~ 1 0
5 [TNK2020] 11 cor 17 44 15 -29 23.3           ~ 1 0
6 [TNK2020] 6 cor 17 44 17 -29 25.0           ~ 1 0
7 [TNK2020] 13 cor 17 44 20 -29 23.5           ~ 1 0
8 [TNK2020] 15 cor 17 44 21 -29 22.5           ~ 1 0
9 [TNK2020] 10 cor 17 44 31 -29 25.6           ~ 1 0
10 [TNK2020] 24 cor 17 44 32 -29 20.9           ~ 1 0
11 [TNK2020] 18 cor 17 44 32 -29 23.6           ~ 1 0
12 [TNK2020] 19 cor 17 44 33 -29 23.6           ~ 1 0
13 [TNK2020] 28 cor 17 44 36 -29 18.0           ~ 1 0
14 NAME Sgr C MoC 17 44 36.3 -29 28 13           ~ 400 0
15 [TNK2020] 36 cor 17 44 38 -29 15.5           ~ 1 0
16 [TNK2020] 21 cor 17 44 40 -29 23.3           ~ 1 0
17 [TNK2020] 7 cor 17 44 42 -29 28.1           ~ 1 0
18 [TNK2020] 31 cor 17 44 43 -29 18.2           ~ 1 0
19 [TNK2020] 22 cor 17 44 43 -29 23.0           ~ 1 0
20 [TNK2020] 33 cor 17 44 45 -29 17.5           ~ 1 0
21 [TNK2020] 8 cor 17 44 47 -29 28.2           ~ 1 0
22 [TNK2020] 35 cor 17 44 49 -29 17.4           ~ 1 0
23 [TNK2020] 52 cor 17 44 51 -29 11.7           ~ 1 0
24 [TNK2020] 26 cor 17 44 54 -29 21.1           ~ 1 0
25 [TNK2020] 30 cor 17 44 55 -29 19.7           ~ 1 0
26 [TNK2020] 50 cor 17 44 55 -29 12.5           ~ 1 0
27 [TNK2020] 59 cor 17 44 55 -29 08.7           ~ 1 0
28 [TNK2020] 56 cor 17 44 55 -29 10.9           ~ 1 0
29 [TNK2020] 5 cor 17 44 56 -29 31.1           ~ 1 0
30 [TNK2020] 3 cor 17 44 57 -29 31.5           ~ 1 0
31 [TNK2020] 58 cor 17 44 57 -29 09.7           ~ 1 0
32 [TNK2020] 12 cor 17 44 58 -29 28.8           ~ 1 0
33 [TNK2020] 60 cor 17 44 59 -29 08.4           ~ 1 0
34 [TNK2020] 53 cor 17 45 00 -29 12.7           ~ 1 0
35 [TNK2020] 39 cor 17 45 03 -29 17.9           ~ 1 0
36 [TNK2020] 17 cor 17 45 03 -29 27.9           ~ 1 0
37 [TNK2020] 9 cor 17 45 04 -29 30.3           ~ 1 0
38 [TNK2020] 68 cor 17 45 07 -29 02.1           ~ 1 0
39 [TNK2020] 64 cor 17 45 08 -29 04.6           ~ 1 0
40 [TNK2020] 63 cor 17 45 08 -29 07.6           ~ 1 0
41 [TNK2020] 54 cor 17 45 09 -29 13.6           ~ 1 0
42 [TNK2020] 51 cor 17 45 09 -29 14.1           ~ 1 0
43 [TNK2020] 46 cor 17 45 10 -29 15.4           ~ 1 0
44 [TNK2020] 44 cor 17 45 11 -29 15.6           ~ 1 0
45 [TNK2020] 66 cor 17 45 11 -29 03.2           ~ 1 0
46 [TNK2020] 34 cor 17 45 12 -29 20.4           ~ 1 0
47 CO -000.30-00.07 MoC 17 45.2 -29 14           ~ 7 0
48 [TNK2020] 57 cor 17 45 12 -29 11.7           ~ 1 0
49 [TNK2020] 14 cor 17 45 12 -29 29.3           ~ 1 0
50 [TNK2020] 49 cor 17 45 13 -29 15.2           ~ 1 0
51 [TNK2020] 72 cor 17 45 13 -29 01.0           ~ 1 0
52 [TNK2020] 20 cor 17 45 14 -29 28.8           ~ 1 0
53 [TNK2020] 71 cor 17 45 16 -29 02.0           ~ 1 0
54 [TNK2020] 41 cor 17 45 16 -29 18.9           ~ 1 0
55 [TNK2020] 88 cor 17 45 19 -28 53.6           ~ 1 0
56 [TNK2020] 74 cor 17 45 19 -29 01.1           ~ 1 0
57 [TNK2020] 16 cor 17 45 22 -29 30.5           ~ 1 0
58 [TNK2020] 48 cor 17 45 23 -29 16.8           ~ 1 0
59 [TNK2020] 61 cor 17 45 25 -29 10.3           ~ 1 0
60 [TNK2020] 69 cor 17 45 27 -29 04.1           ~ 1 0
61 [TNK2020] 25 cor 17 45 27 -29 26.8           ~ 1 0
62 [TNK2020] 38 cor 17 45 27 -29 21.1           ~ 1 0
63 [TNK2020] 23 cor 17 45 28 -29 28.6           ~ 1 0
64 [TNK2020] 75 cor 17 45 28 -29 01.4           ~ 1 0
65 CO -000.40-00.22 MoC 17 45.5 -29 24           ~ 25 0
66 [TNK2020] 43 cor 17 45 31 -29 19.2           ~ 1 0
67 [TNK2020] 91 cor 17 45 31 -28 54.1           ~ 1 0
68 [TNK2020] 32 cor 17 45 32 -29 23.7           ~ 1 0
69 [TNK2020] 83 cor 17 45 32 -28 57.0           ~ 1 0
70 [TNK2020] 45 cor 17 45 33 -29 18.5           ~ 1 0
71 [TNK2020] 104 cor 17 45 35 -28 47.6           ~ 1 0
72 [TNK2020] 67 cor 17 45 36 -29 06.4           ~ 1 0
73 [TNK2020] 78 cor 17 45 36 -29 01.2           ~ 1 0
74 [TNK2020] 70 cor 17 45 36 -29 05.1           ~ 1 0
75 [TNK2020] 27 cor 17 45 36 -29 26.1           ~ 1 0
76 [TNK2020] 47 cor 17 45 37 -29 18.7           ~ 1 0
77 [TNK2020] 65 cor 17 45 37 -29 08.4           ~ 1 0
78 [TNK2020] 29 cor 17 45 37 -29 25.7           ~ 1 0
79 [TNK2020] 93 cor 17 45 38 -28 52.8           ~ 1 0
80 [TNK2020] 42 cor 17 45 39 -29 20.4           ~ 1 0
81 [TNK2020] 79 cor 17 45 39 -29 01.0           ~ 1 0
82 [TNK2020] 37 cor 17 45 40 -29 23.5           ~ 1 0
83 [TNK2020] 73 cor 17 45 40 -29 04.1           ~ 1 0
84 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
85 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4970 3
86 [TNK2020] 80 cor 17 45 40 -29 00.2           ~ 1 0
87 [TNK2020] 62 cor 17 45 41 -29 12.2           ~ 1 0
88 [TNK2020] 40 cor 17 45 42 -29 22.3           ~ 1 0
89 [TNK2020] 89 cor 17 45 42 -28 55.8           ~ 1 0
90 [TNK2020] 77 cor 17 45 42 -29 02.1           ~ 1 0
91 [TNK2020] 109 cor 17 45 43 -28 45.4           ~ 1 0
92 [TNK2020] 55 cor 17 45 43 -29 17.5           ~ 1 0
93 [TNK2020] 81 cor 17 45 44 -29 00.2           ~ 1 0
94 [TNK2020] 90 cor 17 45 44 -28 55.9           ~ 1 0
95 [TNK2020] 87 cor 17 45 44 -28 57.1           ~ 1 0
96 [TNK2020] 85 cor 17 45 45 -28 58.6           ~ 1 0
97 [TNK2020] 110 cor 17 45 46 -28 45.8           ~ 1 0
98 [TNK2020] 82 cor 17 45 48 -29 00.1           ~ 1 0
99 GCM -0.02 -0.07 MoC 17 45 50.4 -28 59 06           ~ 182 0
100 [TNK2020] 105 cor 17 45 51 -28 49.0           ~ 1 0
101 [TNK2020] 84 cor 17 45 51 -28 59.4           ~ 1 0
102 [TNK2020] 107 cor 17 45 52 -28 48.4           ~ 1 0
103 NAME Sgr A D Em* 17 45 51.54 -29 00 23.2           ~ 24 0
104 [TNK2020] 86 cor 17 45 53 -28 59.3           ~ 1 0
105 [TNK2020] 118 cor 17 45 53 -28 42.4           ~ 1 0
106 [TNK2020] 101 cor 17 45 53 -28 50.9           ~ 1 0
107 [TNK2020] 92 cor 17 45 54 -28 56.9           ~ 1 0
108 [TNK2020] 113 cor 17 45 54 -28 44.2           ~ 1 0
109 [TNK2020] 76 cor 17 45 55 -29 04.0           ~ 1 0
110 [TNK2020] 98 cor 17 45 55 -28 51.7           ~ 1 0
111 [TNK2020] 106 cor 17 45 55 -28 49.3           ~ 1 0
112 [TNK2020] 95 cor 17 46 02 -28 55.2           ~ 1 0
113 [TNK2020] 97 cor 17 46 03 -28 54.1           ~ 1 0
114 [TNK2020] 96 cor 17 46 04 -28 55.2           ~ 1 0
115 [TNK2020] 116 cor 17 46 07 -28 45.6           ~ 1 0
116 [TNK2020] 119 cor 17 46 07 -28 44.0           ~ 1 0
117 [TNK2020] 122 cor 17 46 09 -28 42.4           ~ 1 0
118 NAME the Brick MoC 17 46 09 -28 43.8           ~ 226 0
119 [TNK2020] 126 cor 17 46 09 -28 40.3           ~ 1 0
120 [TNK2020] 108 cor 17 46 10 -28 49.4           ~ 1 0
121 [TNK2020] 127 cor 17 46 10 -28 39.3           ~ 1 0
122 [TNK2020] 120 cor 17 46 10 -28 43.6           ~ 1 0
123 [TNK2020] 100 cor 17 46 11 -28 53.5           ~ 1 0
124 [TNK2020] 115 cor 17 46 11 -28 46.2           ~ 1 0
125 [TNK2020] 131 cor 17 46 12 -28 37.3           ~ 1 0
126 [TNK2020] 112 cor 17 46 13 -28 48.3           ~ 1 0
127 [TNK2020] 129 cor 17 46 14 -28 38.7           ~ 1 0
128 [TNK2020] 114 cor 17 46 15 -28 46.9           ~ 1 0
129 [TNK2020] 125 cor 17 46 16 -28 41.3           ~ 1 0
130 [TNK2020] 128 cor 17 46 18 -28 39.8           ~ 1 0
131 [TNK2020] 111 cor 17 46 21 -28 50.0           ~ 1 0
132 [TNK2020] 135 cor 17 46 21 -28 36.0           ~ 1 0
133 [TNK2020] 103 cor 17 46 21 -28 53.7           ~ 1 0
134 [TNK2020] 117 cor 17 46 21 -28 47.3           ~ 1 0
135 [TNK2020] 99 cor 17 46 23 -28 55.2           ~ 1 0
136 [TNK2020] 140 cor 17 46 26 -28 33.8           ~ 1 0
137 [TNK2020] 121 cor 17 46 27 -28 44.9           ~ 1 0
138 [TNK2020] 124 cor 17 46 31 -28 44.0           ~ 1 0
139 [TNK2020] 144 cor 17 46 31 -28 29.2           ~ 1 0
140 [TNK2020] 134 cor 17 46 32 -28 37.9           ~ 1 0
141 [TNK2020] 94 cor 17 46 35 -29 00.0           ~ 1 0
142 [TNK2020] 123 cor 17 46 39 -28 45.3           ~ 1 0
143 [TNK2020] 130 cor 17 46 42 -28 41.3           ~ 1 0
144 [TNK2020] 147 cor 17 46 42 -28 26.8           ~ 1 0
145 [TNK2020] 138 cor 17 46 42 -28 36.7           ~ 1 0
146 [TNK2020] 132 cor 17 46 43 -28 41.5           ~ 1 0
147 [TNK2020] 102 cor 17 46 45 -28 56.9           ~ 1 0
148 [TNK2020] 150 cor 17 46 48 -28 26.4           ~ 1 0
149 [TNK2020] 142 cor 17 46 48 -28 32.0           ~ 1 0
150 [TNK2020] 133 cor 17 46 48 -28 40.1           ~ 1 0
151 [TNK2020] 143 cor 17 46 49 -28 31.9           ~ 1 0
152 [TNK2020] 136 cor 17 46 52 -28 38.5           ~ 1 0
153 [TNK2020] 139 cor 17 46 54 -28 37.7           ~ 1 0
154 [TNK2020] 161 cor 17 46 55 -28 21.8           ~ 1 0
155 [TNK2020] 137 cor 17 46 57 -28 38.8           ~ 1 0
156 [TNK2020] 149 cor 17 47 01 -28 28.6           ~ 1 0
157 NAME Sgr B MoC 17 47 02 -28 25.4           ~ 241 0
158 [TNK2020] 155 cor 17 47 02 -28 25.2           ~ 1 0
159 [TNK2020] 184 cor 17 47 05 -28 15.6           ~ 1 0
160 [TNK2020] 151 cor 17 47 05 -28 27.8           ~ 1 0
161 [TNK2020] 152 cor 17 47 06 -28 27.8           ~ 1 0
162 [TNK2020] 141 cor 17 47 08 -28 35.1           ~ 1 0
163 [TNK2020] 175 cor 17 47 09 -28 19.3           ~ 1 0
164 [TNK2020] 146 cor 17 47 10 -28 32.8           ~ 1 0
165 [TNK2020] 178 cor 17 47 10 -28 18.1           ~ 1 0
166 [TNK2020] 148 cor 17 47 11 -28 30.0           ~ 1 0
167 [TNK2020] 145 cor 17 47 12 -28 34.4           ~ 1 0
168 [TNK2020] 159 cor 17 47 14 -28 24.9           ~ 1 0
169 [TNK2020] 153 cor 17 47 17 -28 28.5           ~ 1 0
170 [TNK2020] 156 cor 17 47 19 -28 26.5           ~ 1 0
171 [TNK2020] 163 cor 17 47 20 -28 23.4           ~ 1 0
172 [TNK2020] 169 cor 17 47 20 -28 22.3           ~ 1 0
173 [TNK2020] 167 cor 17 47 20 -28 22.4           ~ 1 0
174 [TNK2020] 166 cor 17 47 20 -28 23.1           ~ 1 0
175 NAME Sgr B2 MoC 17 47 20.4 -28 23 07           ~ 2443 1
176 [TNK2020] 165 cor 17 47 20 -28 23.2           ~ 1 0
177 [TNK2020] 181 cor 17 47 21 -28 18.6           ~ 1 0
178 [TNK2020] 160 cor 17 47 22 -28 25.8           ~ 1 0
179 [TNK2020] 173 cor 17 47 22 -28 21.6           ~ 1 0
180 [TNK2020] 176 cor 17 47 23 -28 20.8           ~ 1 0
181 [TNK2020] 164 cor 17 47 24 -28 23.7           ~ 1 0
182 [TNK2020] 180 cor 17 47 25 -28 19.1           ~ 1 0
183 [TNK2020] 158 cor 17 47 28 -28 27.0           ~ 1 0
184 [TNK2020] 168 cor 17 47 28 -28 23.5           ~ 1 0
185 [TNK2020] 157 cor 17 47 29 -28 27.3           ~ 1 0
186 [TNK2020] 171 cor 17 47 33 -28 23.8           ~ 1 0
187 [TNK2020] 191 cor 17 47 33 -28 16.8           ~ 1 0
188 [TNK2020] 194 cor 17 47 36 -28 16.2           ~ 1 0
189 [TNK2020] 188 cor 17 47 36 -28 18.0           ~ 1 0
190 [TNK2020] 154 cor 17 47 38 -28 30.0           ~ 1 0
191 [TNK2020] 170 cor 17 47 39 -28 24.8           ~ 1 0
192 [TNK2020] 187 cor 17 47 41 -28 19.0           ~ 1 0
193 [TNK2020] 189 cor 17 47 41 -28 18.3           ~ 1 0
194 [TNK2020] 185 cor 17 47 41 -28 19.9           ~ 1 0
195 [TNK2020] 162 cor 17 47 43 -28 27.2           ~ 1 0
196 [TNK2020] 177 cor 17 47 44 -28 22.8           ~ 1 0
197 [TNK2020] 179 cor 17 47 52 -28 23.3           ~ 1 0
198 [TNK2020] 172 cor 17 47 55 -28 26.4           ~ 1 0
199 [TNK2020] 190 cor 17 47 55 -28 19.7           ~ 1 0
200 [TNK2020] 174 cor 17 47 56 -28 25.9           ~ 1 0
201 [TNK2020] 183 cor 17 47 57 -28 23.1           ~ 1 0
202 [TNK2020] 182 cor 17 47 58 -28 23.4           ~ 1 0
203 [TNK2020] 186 cor 17 48 02 -28 22.3           ~ 1 0
204 [TNK2020] 193 cor 17 48 05 -28 20.6           ~ 1 0
205 [TNK2020] 192 cor 17 48 08 -28 21.2           ~ 1 0
206 [TNK2020] 195 cor 17 48 22 -28 21.8           ~ 1 0
207 NAME Sgr D MoC 17 48 41.75 -28 01 45.0           ~ 137 1

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