2020ApJ...904..155A

Query : 2020ApJ...904..155A

2020ApJ...904..155A - Astrophys. J., 904, 155-155 (2020/December-1)

Constraining the kilonova rate with Zwicky Transient Facility searches independent of gravitational wave and short gamma-ray burst triggers.

ANDREONI I., KOOL E.C., SAGUES CARRACEDO A., KASLIWAL M.M., BULLA M., AHUMADA T., COUGHLIN M.W., ANAND S., SOLLERMAN J., GOOBAR A., KAPLAN D.L., LOVERIDGE T.T., KARAMBELKAR V., COOKE J., BAGDASARYAN A., BELLM E.C., CENKO S.B., COOK D.O., DE K., DEKANY R., DELACROIX A., DRAKE A., DUEV D.A., FREMLING C., GOLKHOU V.Z., GRAHAM M.J., HALE D., KULKARNI S.R., KUPFER T., LAHER R.R., MAHABAL A.A., MASCI F.J., RUSHOLME B., SMITH R.M., TZANIDAKIS A., VAN SISTINE A. and YAO Y.

Abstract (from CDS):

The first binary neutron star merger, GW170817, was accompanied by a radioactivity-powered optical/infrared transient called a kilonova. To date, no compelling kilonova has been found in all-sky optical surveys, independently of short gamma-ray burst and gravitational-wave triggers. In this work, we searched the first 23 months of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data stream for candidate kilonovae in the form of rapidly evolving transients. We combined ZTF alert queries with forced point-spread-function photometry and nightly flux stacking to increase our sensitivity to faint and fast transients. Automatic queries yielded >11,200 candidates, 24 of which passed quality checks and selection criteria based on a grid of kilonova models tailored for both binary neutron star and neutron star-black hole mergers. None of the candidates in our sample was deemed a possible kilonova after thorough vetting. The sources that passed our selection criteria are dominated by Galactic cataclysmic variables. We identified two fast transients at high Galactic latitude, one of which is the confirmed afterglow of long-duration GRB 190106A, the other is a possible cosmological afterglow. Using a survey simulation code, we constrained the kilonova rate for a range of models including top-hat, linearly decaying light curves, and synthetic light curves obtained with radiative transfer simulations. For prototypical GW170817-like kilonovae, we constrain the rate to be R< 1775 Gpc–3 yr–1 (95% confidence). By assuming a population of kilonovae with the same geometry and composition of GW170817 observed under a uniform viewing angle distribution, we obtained a constraint on the rate of R < 4029 Gpc–3 yr–1.

Abstract Copyright: © 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Journal keyword(s): Neutron stars - Compact objects - Gravitational wave sources - Transient sources - Surveys - R-process - Optical observation - Optical bursts - Gamma-ray bursts - Cataclysmic variable stars - Gravitational wave astronomy

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/904/155): table1.dat fig5.dat>

Simbad objects: 27

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Number of rows : 27
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 AT 2019aacw ev 01 04 05.57 +50 07 34.8           ~ 1 0
2 AT 2019aacx ev 01 59 31.20 +23 50 43.7           ~ 3 0
3 GRB 190106A gB 01 59 31.23 +23 50 43.8           ~ 66 0
4 ZTF18acsjqjd ev 01 59 40.07 +54 10 25.0           ~ 1 0
5 AT 2018ltm ev 02 02 33.41 +55 25 01.6           ~ 1 0
6 ZTF18achqdzh ev 02 40 50.04 -09 10 15.6           ~ 1 0
7 AT 2016ayj SN? 03 06 45.08 +46 09 13.2           ~ 3 0
8 AT 2020atp ev 07 16 16.21 +35 45 09.1           ~ 1 0
9 ZTF19acecsfi CV? 07 59 30.81 +44 16 21.5           ~ 1 0
10 AT 2020lru ev 11 19 30.75 +15 24 39.7           ~ 1 0
11 GrW 170817 GWE 13 09 48.0850 -23 22 53.343           ~ 2683 0
12 WISE J132245.14+572830.4 G 13 22 45.14304 +57 28 30.4500           ~ 1 0
13 AT 2019aacu ev 13 22 51.12 +57 27 48.9           ~ 3 0
14 AT 2018ltl CV* 16 23 14.39 +65 00 36.8           ~ 1 0
15 AT 2017dfl V* 17 38 34.84 +01 25 14.3           ~ 2 0
16 ZTF19aapbbde ev 18 01 13.06 +13 16 50.3           ~ 1 0
17 ATLAS 16dos ev 18 07 34.81 +10 35 27.8           ~ 2 0
18 AT 2018ltn ev 19 12 59.97 +61 33 24.7           ~ 1 0
19 AT 2019aade ev 19 32 15.58 +06 43 18.6           ~ 1 0
20 AT 2019aacz ev 19 33 35.26 -17 38 45.2           ~ 1 0
21 AT 2019aacy ev 19 36 32.52 -07 21 01.4           ~ 1 0
22 AT 2019aadh ev 19 40 56.25 +02 13 39.7           ~ 1 0
23 AT 2019aadd ev 19 42 24.73 +00 34 11.2           ~ 1 0
24 AT 2019aada ev 19 43 06.76 +48 19 18.6           ~ 1 0
25 AT 2018bdi CV* 20 23 26.51 +06 40 00.8           ~ 3 0
26 ZTF19abxwwmr ev 20 55 37.03 +22 58 57.9           ~ 1 0
27 CRTS CSS151114 J224934+375554 CV* 22 49 34.0 +37 55 54           ~ 2 0

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