2020MNRAS.492.2095K

Query : 2020MNRAS.492.2095K

2020MNRAS.492.2095K - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 492, 2095-2118 (2020/February-3)

Temperature profiles of hot gas in early-type galaxies.

KIM D.-W., TRAYNOR L., PAGGI A., O'SULLIVAN E., ANDERSON C., BURKE D., D'ABRUSCO R., FABBIANO G., FRUSCIONE A., LAUER J., McCOLLOUGH M., MORGAN D., MOSSMAN A., VRTILEK S. and TRINCHIERI G.

Abstract (from CDS):

Using the data products of the Chandra Galaxy Atlas (Kim et al.), we have investigated the radial profiles of the hot gas temperature in 60 early-type galaxies (ETGs). Considering the characteristic temperature and radius of the peak, dip, and break (when scaled by the gas temperature and virial radius of each galaxy), we propose a universal temperature profile of the hot halo in ETGs. In this scheme, the hot gas temperature peaks at RMAX = 35 ± 25 kpc (or ∼0.04 RVIR) and declines both inward and outward. The temperature dips (or breaks) at RMIN (or RBREAK) = 3-5 kpc (or ∼0.006 RVIR). The mean slope between RMIN (RBREAK) and RMAX is 0.3 ± 0.1. Allowing for selection effects and observational limits, we find that the universal temperature profile can describe the temperature profiles of 72 per cent (possibly up to 82 per cent) of our ETG sample. The remaining ETGs (18 per cent) with irregular or monotonically declining profiles do not fit the universal profile and require another explanation. The temperature gradient inside RMIN (RBREAK) varies widely, indicating different degrees of additional heating at small radii. Investigating the nature of the hot core (HC with a negative gradient inside RMIN), we find that HC is most clearly visible in small galaxies. Searching for potential clues associated with stellar, active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, and gravitational heating, we find that HC may be related to recent star formation. But we see no clear evidence that AGN feedback and gravitational heating play any significant role for HC.

Abstract Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD - galaxies: ISM - X-rays: galaxies

Simbad objects: 69

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Number of rows : 69
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 193 rG 00 39 18.5878961880 +03 19 52.605787764   14.3       ~ 149 1
2 NGC 315 LIN 00 57 48.88334410 +30 21 08.8119345 12.80 12.20 11.16 11.26   ~ 869 2
3 NGC 383 AGN 01 07 24.9647814840 +32 24 45.132586200   13.6 12.14     ~ 821 3
4 NGC 499 LIN 01 23 11.4954761664 +33 27 36.656232300   13.0 12.3     ~ 181 0
5 NAME NGC 507 Group GrG 01 23 39.91 +33 15 21.8           ~ 82 0
6 NGC 507 rG 01 23 39.950 +33 15 22.22   13.0       ~ 459 1
7 NGC 533 rG 01 25 31.4074984248 +01 45 33.236656812   13.1 14.11     ~ 237 1
8 NGC 720 Sy1 01 53 00.523 -13 44 19.25   12.4   10.36   ~ 536 0
9 NGC 741 rG 01 56 23.2 +05 37 35   13.2       ~ 309 2
10 NGC 777 BLL 02 00 14.9065707744 +31 25 45.850721628 13.09 12.49 11.45     ~ 195 2
11 IC 1860 Sy1 02 49 33.8577739752 -31 11 21.664508208   13.00   11.47   ~ 82 1
12 NGC 1132 EmG 02 52 51.82 -01 16 29.0   13.9   12.16   ~ 180 0
13 NGC 1316 rG 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1491 1
14 NGC 1332 GiP 03 26 17.321 -21 20 07.33   11.45   9.84   ~ 378 0
15 NAME NGC 1400 Group GrG 03 32 16.00 -18 33 54.0           ~ 75 0
16 NGC 1380 Sy2 03 36 27.590 -34 58 34.68 11.32 10.94 9.93 9.37   ~ 460 1
17 NGC 1387 Sy2 03 36 57.0337458600 -35 30 23.675934060 12.18 11.75 10.69 10.16   ~ 290 1
18 NGC 1399 rG 03 38 29.083 -35 27 02.67 11.05 9.74 9.59 8.12   ~ 1636 1
19 ACO S 373 ClG 03 38 29.4 -35 27 08           ~ 2029 0
20 NGC 1395 SyG 03 38 29.789 -23 01 39.69   10.71   8.99   ~ 289 0
21 NGC 1404 rG 03 38 51.917 -35 35 39.81 11.53 10.69 10.00 9.03   ~ 787 1
22 NGC 1400 EmG 03 39 30.851 -18 41 17.25 12.48 12.01 10.96 10.45   ~ 309 1
23 NGC 1407 rG 03 40 11.904 -18 34 49.36   10.64 9.67 9.13   ~ 613 2
24 NGC 1553 GiP 04 16 10.4697802536 -55 46 48.072797400 10.76 10.10 9.40 8.74   ~ 395 2
25 NGC 1550 BiC 04 19 37.9450450152 +02 24 35.918168940   14.0       ~ 183 1
26 NGC 1600 rG 04 31 39.858 -05 05 09.97   8.9   10.81   ~ 409 1
27 NGC 1700 EmG 04 56 56.3160873072 -04 51 56.794713228   12   11.14   ~ 356 1
28 NGC 2300 AG? 07 32 20.486 +85 42 31.90   12.2       ~ 346 0
29 NGC 2563 GiG 08 20 35.6870161656 +21 04 04.111020012   13.7 12.39     ~ 163 1
30 NGC 3411 EmG 10 50 26.0811795768 -12 50 42.313849764   9.0   11.60   ~ 78 2
31 NGC 3923 GiG 11 51 01.783 -28 48 22.36 11.41 10.59 9.80 8.88   ~ 459 1
32 NGC 4104 rG 12 06 38.9098151088 +28 10 27.184493280   13.7 13.58     ~ 114 1
33 NGC 4125 GiP 12 08 06.017 +65 10 26.88 11.14 10.65 9.72     ~ 448 2
34 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
35 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
36 NGC 4291 GiG 12 20 17.699 +75 22 15.47   17.0       ~ 321 1
37 NGC 4325 BiC 12 23 06.662 +10 37 16.45   15.0       ~ 140 1
38 NGC 4342 GiP 12 23 39.0032044488 +07 03 14.359499100   13.0       ~ 337 0
39 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
40 M 85 GiP 12 25 24.053 +18 11 27.89   10.2       ~ 678 0
41 M 86 GiG 12 26 11.814 +12 56 45.49 10.32 9.83 8.90   7.50 ~ 1126 1
42 NGC 4438 LIN 12 27 45.6705493536 +13 00 31.708096380 11.37 11.02 10.17     ~ 668 2
43 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
44 NGC 4477 Sy2 12 30 02.1955766304 +13 38 11.543715888 11.98 11.38 10.42     ~ 419 2
45 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
46 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
47 NGC 4555 LIN 12 35 41.1918612696 +26 31 23.087609256   13.5       ~ 102 0
48 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
49 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
50 NGC 4782 rG 12 54 35.698 -12 34 06.92   13 12.75 13.11   ~ 158 2
51 NGC 5044 BiC 13 15 23.9607836592 -16 23 07.547751744   11.9   10.74   ~ 531 0
52 NGC 5129 LIN 13 24 10.0256041224 +13 58 35.575742748   13.3       ~ 134 1
53 NGC 5171 GiG 13 29 21.5707210536 +11 44 06.389823624   14.7       ~ 61 0
54 IC 4296 rG 13 36 39.03253319 -33 57 57.0730368   11.52 12.99 10.00 10.79 ~ 520 2
55 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
56 NGC 5846 rG 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 891 2
57 NGC 5982 LIN 15 38 39.778 +59 21 21.21   12.4       ~ 302 0
58 NGC 6338 Bla 17 15 22.9842192344 +57 24 40.346559927   14.2   8   ~ 205 2
59 IC 1262 rG 17 33 02.0176600056 +43 45 34.803150516   14.9       ~ 79 0
60 NGC 6482 GiG 17 51 48.8339247888 +23 04 18.889271112 12.71 12.35 11.45     ~ 220 1
61 NGC 6842 PN 19 55 02.14 +29 17 22.2     16.0     ~ 108 1
62 NGC 6861 EmG 20 07 19.482 -48 22 12.94   12.01 11.10 10.43   ~ 211 0
63 NGC 6868 Sy2 20 09 54.08207 -48 22 46.2470   11.58 9.22 10.01 7.91 ~ 239 2
64 IC 1459 rG 22 57 10.60682195 -36 27 43.9966421   10.96 11.85 9.34 10.3 ~ 652 2
65 Z 532-11 BiC 23 18 38.2641503880 +42 57 28.797497604   15.3       ~ 41 1
66 NGC 7618 GiG 23 19 47.2346536992 +42 51 09.228387528   14.3       ~ 72 2
67 NGC 7619 GiG 23 20 14.524 +08 12 22.63   12.7       ~ 472 0
68 NAME NGC 7619 Group GrG 23 20 32.1 +08 22 26           ~ 48 0
69 NGC 7626 rG 23 20 42.524 +08 13 01.43   12.8       ~ 438 1

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