2020MNRAS.497.5090S

Ram pressure (RP) can influence the evolution of cold gas content and star formation rates of galaxies. One of the key parameters for the strength of RP is the density of intragroup medium (ρ_igm), which is difficult to estimate if the X-ray emission from it is too weak to be observed. We propose a new way to constrain ρ_igm through an application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to simulated gas density and kinematic maps galaxies under strong RP. We train CNNs using 9 x 10⁴ 2D images of galaxies under various RP conditions, then validate performance with 10⁴ new test images. This new method can be applied to real observational data from ongoing WALLABY and SKA surveys to quickly obtain estimates of ρ_igm. Simulated galaxy images have 1.0 kpc resolution, which is consistent with that expected from the future WALLABY survey. The trained CNN models predict the normalized IGM density, 1_ igm_ where 0.0 ≤1_ igm, n_ < 10.0, accurately with root mean squared error values of 0.72, 0.83, and 0.74 for the density, kinematic, and joined 2D maps, respectively. Trained models are unable to predict the relative velocity of galaxies with respect to the IGM (v_rel) precisely, and struggle to generalize for different RP conditions. We apply our CNNs to the observed H I column density map of NGC 1566 in the Dorado group to estimate its IGM density.