2021A&A...649A..26L

Query : 2021A&A...649A..26L

2021A&A...649A..26L - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 649A26-26 (2021/5-1)

Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178.

LELEU A., ALIBERT Y., HARA N.C., HOOTON M.J., WILSON T.G., ROBUTEL P., DELISLE J.-B., LASKAR J., HOYER S., LOVIS C., BRYANT E.M., DUCROT E., CABRERA J., DELREZ L., ACTON J.S., ADIBEKYAN V., ALLART R., ALLENDE PRIETO C., ALONSO R., ALVES D., ANDERSON D.R., ANGERHAUSEN D., ANGLADA ESCUDE G., ASQUIER J., BARRADO D., BARROS S.C.C., BAUMJOHANN W., BAYLISS D., BECK M., BECK T., BEKKELIEN A., BENZ W., BILLOT N., BONFANTI A., BONFILS X., BOUCHY F., BOURRIER V., BOUE G., BRANDEKER A., BROEG C., BUDER M., BURDANOV A., BURLEIGH M.R., BARCZY T., CAMERON A.C., CHAMBERLAIN S., CHARNOZ S., COOKE B.F., CORRAL VAN DAMME C., CORREIA A.C.M., CRISTIANI S., DAMASSO M., DAVIES M.B., DELEUIL M., DEMANGEON O.D.S., DEMORY B.-O., DI MARCANTONIO P., DI PERSIO G., DUMUSQUE X., EHRENREICH D., ERIKSON A., FIGUEIRA P., FORTIER A., FOSSATI L., FRIDLUND M., FUTYAN D., GANDOLFI D., GARCIA MUNOZ A., GARCIA L.J., GILL S., GILLEN E., GILLON M., GOAD M.R., GONZALEZ HERNANDEZ J.I., GUEDEL M., GUNTHER M.N., HALDEMANN J., HENDERSON B., HENG K., HOGAN A.E., ISAAK K., JEHIN E., JENKINS J.S., JORDAN A., KISS L., KRISTIANSEN M.H., LAM K., LAVIE B., LECAVELIER DES ETANGS A., LENDL M., LILLO-BOX J., LO CURTO G., MAGRIN D., MARTINS C.J.A.P., MAXTED P.F.L., McCORMAC J., MEHNER A., MICELA G., MOLARO P., MOYANO M., MURRAY C.A., NASCIMBENI V., NUNES N.J., OLOFSSON G., OSBORN H.P., OSHAGH M., OTTENSAMER R., PAGANO I., PALLE E., PEDERSEN P.P., PEPE F.A., PERSSON C.M., PETER G., PIOTTO G., POLENTA G., POLLACCO D., PORETTI E., POZUELOS F.J., QUELOZ D., RAGAZZONI R., RANDO N., RATTI F., RAUER H., RAYNARD L., REBOLO R., REIMERS C., RIBAS I., SANTOS N.C., SCANDARIATO G., SCHNEIDER J., SEBASTIAN D., SESTOVIC M., SIMON A.E., SMITH A.M.S., SOUSA S.G., SOZZETTI A., STELLER M., SUAREZ MASCARENO A., SZABO G.M., SEGRANSAN D., THOMAS N., THOMPSON S., TILBROOK R.H., TRIAUD A., TURNER O., UDRY S., VAN GROOTEL V., VENUS H., VERRECCHIA F., VINES J.I., WALTON N.A., WEST R.G., WHEATLEY P.J., WOLTER D. and ZAPATERO OSORIO M.R.

Abstract (from CDS):

Determining the architecture of multi-planetary systems is one of the cornerstones of understanding planet formation and evolution. Resonant systems are especially important as the fragility of their orbital configuration ensures that no significant scattering or collisional event has taken place since the earliest formation phase when the parent protoplanetary disc was still present. In this context, TOI-178 has been the subject of particular attention since the first TESS observations hinted at the possible presence of a near 2:3:3 resonant chain. Here we report the results of observations from CHEOPS, ESPRESSO, NGTS, and SPECULOOS with the aim of deciphering the peculiar orbital architecture of the system. We show that TOI-178 harbours at least six planets in the super-Earth to mini-Neptune regimes, with radii ranging from 1.152–0.070+0.073 to 2.87–0.13+0.14 Earth radii and periods of 1.91, 3.24, 6.56, 9.96, 15.23, and 20.71 days. All planets but the innermost one form a 2:4:6:9:12 chain of Laplace resonances, and the planetary densities show important variations from planet to planet, jumping from 1.02–0.23+0.28 to 0.177–0.061+0.055 times the Earth's density between planets c and d. Using Bayesian interior structure retrieval models, we show that the amount of gas in the planets does not vary in a monotonous way, contrary to what one would expect from simple formation and evolution models and unlike other known systems in a chain of Laplace resonances. The brightness of TOI-178 (H=8.76mag, J=9.37mag, V=11.95mag) allows for a precise characterisation of its orbital architecture as well as of the physical nature of the six presently known transiting planets it harbours. The peculiar orbital configuration and the diversity in average density among the planets in the system will enable the study of interior planetary structures and atmospheric evolution, providing important clues on the formation of super-Earths and mini-Neptunes.

Abstract Copyright: © A. Leleu et al. 2021

Journal keyword(s): techniques: photometric - techniques: spectroscopic - celestial mechanics - planets and satellites: detection - planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/649/A26): ch1* ch2* ch3* ch4* spec* ng1* ng2* espresso* tess*>

Simbad objects: 16

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Number of rows : 16
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 TOI-178e Pl 00 29 12.3029193648 -30 27 13.466857032           ~ 13 0
2 TOI-178d Pl 00 29 12.3029193648 -30 27 13.466857032           ~ 20 0
3 TOI-178f Pl 00 29 12.3029193648 -30 27 13.466857032           ~ 15 0
4 WT 2353 PM* 00 29 12.3029193648 -30 27 13.466857032   13.05 11.95     ~ 102 0
5 TOI-178c Pl 00 29 12.3029193648 -30 27 13.466857032           ~ 29 0
6 TOI-178g Pl 00 29 12.3029193648 -30 27 13.466857032           ~ 17 0
7 TOI-178b Pl 00 29 12.3029193648 -30 27 13.466857032           ~ 29 0
8 HD 158259 PM* 17 25 24.0552880944 +52 47 26.469887928   7.07 6.47     G5VmF9 79 0
9 Kepler-60 Er* 19 15 50.6983640712 +42 15 54.050260968   14.477 14.083 13.934   G2 132 1
10 Kepler-80 Er* 19 44 27.0200680656 +39 58 43.594100688   16.303 15.201 14.866   M0V 177 1
11 Kepler-223 Er* 19 53 16.4202435936 +47 16 46.308434088   16.209 15.570 15.78   ~ 192 1
12 Kepler-223d Pl 19 53 16.4202435936 +47 16 46.308434088           ~ 48 0
13 BD-15 6290 BY* 22 53 16.7325836486 -14 15 49.304052185 12.928 11.749 10.192 9.013 7.462 M3.5V 1106 1
14 TRAPPIST-1f Pl 23 06 29.3684948589 -05 02 29.037301866           ~ 281 0
15 TRAPPIST-1 LM* 23 06 29.3684948589 -05 02 29.037301866     18.798 16.466 14.024 M7.5e 1306 0
16 K2-138 * 23 15 47.7686067840 -10 50 58.895461284   13.01 12.21 12.12 11.40 ~ 75 0

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