2021A&A...650A..57Z

Query : 2021A&A...650A..57Z

2021A&A...650A..57Z - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 650A57-57 (2021/6-1)

The properties of the AGN torus as revealed from a set of unbiased NuSTAR observations.

ZHAO X., MARCHESI S., AJELLO M., COLE D., HU Z., SILVER R. and TORRES-ALBA N.

Abstract (from CDS):

The obscuration observed in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is mainly caused by dust and gas distributed in a torus-like structure surrounding the supermassive black hole. However, the properties of the obscuring torus of an AGN in X-ray have not yet been fully investigated because of a lack of high-quality data and proper models. In this work, we perform a broadband X-ray spectral analysis of a large, unbiased sample of obscured AGNs (with line-of-sight column density 23≤log(NH)≤24) in the nearby Universe for which high-quality archival NuSTAR data are available. We analyzed the source spectra using the recently developed borus02 model, which enables us to accurately characterize the physical and geometrical properties of AGN-obscuring tori. We compare our results obtained from the unbiased Compton-thin AGNs with those of Compton-thick AGNs. We find that Compton-thin and Compton-thick AGNs may possess similar tori, whose average column density is Compton thick (NH,tor,ave≃1.4x1024cm–2), but they are observed through different (under-dense or over-dense) regions of the tori. We also find that the obscuring torus medium is significantly inhomogeneous, with the torus average column densities being significantly different from their line-of-sight column densities (for most of the sources in the sample). The average torus covering factor of sources in our unbiased sample is cf=0.67, suggesting that the fraction of unobscured AGNs is ∼33%. We developed a new method to measure the intrinsic line-of-sight column density distribution of AGNs in the nearby Universe, and find the results to be in good agreement with constraints from recent population synthesis models.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2021

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: active - Galaxy: nucleus - X-rays: galaxies

Simbad objects: 108

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Number of rows : 108
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 262 Bla 00 48 47.14147900 +31 57 25.0845702 14.04 13.90 13.06 8.53   ~ 778 2
2 2MASX J00502684+8229000 Sy2 00 50 27.0941067168 +82 29 00.409631640           ~ 7 0
3 LEDA 963299 Sy2 01 07 39.6559630656 -11 39 11.391201936   16.18   15.00   ~ 36 0
4 NGC 424 Sy1 01 11 27.6385025496 -38 05 00.421096524   13.76 14.12 12.38 12.8 ~ 346 1
5 IC 1657 Sy2 01 14 07.018 -32 39 03.23   13.16   12.02 13.0 ~ 133 1
6 NGC 454E Sy2 01 14 24.9356626320 -55 23 49.309036656   13.13 13.58 11.93   ~ 96 0
7 MCG+08-03-018 Sy2 01 22 34.4194292400 +50 03 17.867834532   16       ~ 47 0
8 NGC 612 Sy2 01 33 57.751 -36 29 35.80   13.90 13.15 12.33   ~ 252 0
9 MCG-01-05-047 Sy2 01 52 49.004 -03 26 48.56   13.9   13.8 13.2 ~ 130 0
10 NGC 788 Sy2 02 01 06.4628889816 -06 48 57.149808084   13.71 12.76 11.79   ~ 291 0
11 NGC 835 Sy2 02 09 24.606 -10 08 09.31   13.29 12.45 12.24   ~ 226 1
12 NGC 1142 Sy2 02 55 12.2311509144 -00 11 00.807149472   15.42 14.41     ~ 350 1
13 NGC 1194 Sy2 03 03 49.1124029328 -01 06 13.415103900   15.29 14.18     ~ 307 0
14 NGC 1229 Sy2 03 08 10.8346520856 -22 57 36.937886004   14.87 14.45 13.86   ~ 90 0
15 MCG-02-09-040 Sy2 03 25 04.9525721736 -12 18 29.092371768   15.11 14.15 13.77   ~ 39 0
16 ESO 201-4 Sy2 03 50 22.9859322624 -50 18 09.403324596   15.03   13.19   ~ 34 0
17 IRAS 03556-6300 Bla 03 56 19.954 -62 51 39.19   18.43   17.39   ~ 40 0
18 3C 105.0 Sy2 04 07 16.4671273272 +03 42 25.813809432   18.5       ~ 241 0
19 LEDA 15023 Sy2 04 23 40.7641669176 +04 08 01.820745852   16.8       ~ 102 1
20 Z 468-1 Sy2 04 46 29.758 +18 27 39.28   15.7       ~ 66 0
21 ESO 119-8 Sy2 04 48 56.7137021424 -57 39 33.050979252   14.82 14.8 13.70 13.7 ~ 29 0
22 ESO 553-43 Sy2 05 26 27.2768102400 -21 17 11.759297352   14.84   12.96   ~ 47 0
23 MCG-02-15-004 Sy2 05 33 50.1582369312 -13 21 18.517644684   15       ~ 26 0
24 2MASS J06004011+0006185 Sy2 06 00 40.1108673096 +00 06 18.448711560   19.0   17.6   ~ 24 1
25 ESO 5-4 Sy2 06 05 41.721 -86 37 55.02   13.55   11.88 12.2 ~ 174 1
26 Z 329-24 Sy2 06 15 36.2812259376 +71 02 14.837219808 14.21 14.03 12.97     ~ 960 2
27 ESO 121-28 Sy2 06 23 45.5588163624 -60 58 44.383377828   15.21 15.2 13.66   ~ 81 0
28 ZW VII 73 Sy2 06 30 25.5433597128 +63 40 41.294696952   15.7       ~ 65 0
29 LEDA 549777 Sy2 06 40 37.9945022136 -43 21 20.749020228           ~ 34 1
30 LEDA 2013778 Sy2 06 41 18.0138665424 +32 49 31.634879160           ~ 41 0
31 Z 176-27 Sy2 07 14 03.876 +35 16 45.59   14.5       ~ 85 1
32 Z 147-61 Sy2 07 44 09.1275236304 +29 14 50.762711400   13.28       ~ 145 1
33 Z 31-36 Sy2 08 04 05.8608218112 +05 06 49.823376120   14.55 13.7     ~ 340 2
34 Z 59-39 Sy2 08 04 46.4040459432 +10 46 36.016606848   14.9       ~ 85 0
35 MCG-01-22-006 Sy2 08 23 01.0958556600 -04 56 05.578315548   15.62   14.36   ~ 78 0
36 Z 150-14 Sy2 08 40 02.336 +29 49 02.73   20.00 19.62     ~ 209 1
37 SDSS J084344.98+354942.0 Sy2 08 43 44.9739924504 +35 49 42.113462340   17.93 17.55     ~ 59 0
38 MCG+11-11-032 Sy2 08 55 12.5539742880 +64 23 45.428865000   17       ~ 72 0
39 NGC 2655 Sy2 08 55 37.731 +78 13 23.10   12.03 11.08     ~ 318 2
40 Z 288-17 Sy2 09 01 58.4045747160 +60 09 06.140115576   14.3       ~ 137 1
41 LEDA 2265450 Sy2 09 11 29.9705066928 +45 28 05.758200120           ~ 90 0
42 2MASS J09235373-3141308 Sy2 09 23 53.7372628512 -31 41 30.973010460   16.57   15.09   ~ 51 0
43 4C 73.08 Sy2 09 49 45.967 +73 14 23.25   16.00   11.7   ~ 127 0
44 NGC 3079 Sy2 10 01 57.8789863992 +55 40 47.449758324 11.57 11.54 10.86     ~ 1476 3
45 ESO 263-13 Sy2 10 09 48.1876712664 -42 48 40.530472560   14.94 14.95 13.29   ~ 112 1
46 MCG-04-25-006 Sy2 10 24 31.4324894928 -23 33 10.567872576   14.45 14.21 12.89   ~ 82 1
47 MCG-07-22-020 Sy2 10 31 23.1149036016 -42 03 38.266484832   14.42   13.18   ~ 66 0
48 NGC 3281 Sy2 10 31 52.086 -34 51 13.40   12.62 14.02 11.17   ~ 392 1
49 Z 333-49 Sy2 10 44 08.5546976016 +70 24 19.184554080   15.5       ~ 71 1
50 NGC 3393 Sy2 10 48 23.4653152920 -25 09 43.487648784   13.10 13.95 11.67 12.2 ~ 471 1
51 Mrk 417 Sy2 10 49 30.9259950912 +22 57 52.375267800   16.0       ~ 107 0
52 NGC 3588 Sy2 11 14 02.4860685264 +20 23 14.240590728   15.3       ~ 44 0
53 MCG-05-27-013 Sy2 11 27 23.4314224104 -29 15 27.540738540   14.76 15.49 13.18   ~ 88 1
54 IC 751 Sy2 11 58 52.60109 +42 34 13.3059   15.39 14.39     ~ 94 1
55 NGC 4102 Sy2 12 06 23.11513 +52 42 39.4160   11.8       ~ 449 1
56 7C 121146.50+294816.00 Sy1 12 14 17.8142672232 +29 31 43.179858912   16.43 15.33     ~ 102 1
57 MCG-04-29-015 Sy2 12 16 57.1179027144 -26 12 33.443794692   14.88 15.24 13.98   ~ 47 0
58 M 106 Sy2 12 18 57.620 +47 18 13.39   9.14 8.41 8.11   ~ 2512 4
59 NGC 4388 Sy2 12 25 46.820 +12 39 43.45 11.91 11.76 11.02     ~ 1433 2
60 NGC 4500 Sy2 12 31 22.1642532648 +57 57 52.686175392   13.2       ~ 141 1
61 NGC 4507 Sy2 12 35 36.6338976888 -39 54 33.710416272   12.95 13.54 11.70 12.4 ~ 532 1
62 NGC 4785 Sy2 12 53 27.3416048448 -48 44 57.213423456   13.22 12.09 12.8 12.5 ~ 75 0
63 NGC 4941 Sy2 13 04 13.1036380320 -05 33 05.752803672   13.18 12.23 10.74   ~ 410 0
64 NGC 4939 Sy2 13 04 14.3280524928 -10 20 22.300454724   14.81 13.80 10.92   ~ 332 1
65 NGC 4945 Sy2 13 05 27.279 -49 28 04.44   9.31 14.40 7.55   ~ 1582 2
66 NGC 4992 Sy2 13 09 05.5929226104 +11 38 02.824910124   14.6       ~ 142 0
67 NGC 5100 Sy2 13 20 59.5742831448 +08 58 42.014397036   15.1       ~ 74 2
68 MCG-03-34-064 Sy2 13 22 24.4583154360 -16 43 42.481822404   14   13.16   ~ 345 2
69 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
70 ESO 21-4 Sy2 13 32 40.5938806776 -77 50 40.532334072   12.7   12.8 12.2 ~ 49 0
71 ESO 383-18 Sy2 13 33 26.1018852696 -34 00 53.311162860   15.29 15.32 14.30 14.25 ~ 95 0
72 NGC 5283 Sy2 13 41 05.7499712616 +67 40 19.967186280   14.97 14.05     ~ 269 0
73 Z 271-60 Sy2 13 44 42.1883001099 +55 53 13.596220922   15.68 14.91     ~ 958 3
74 LEDA 4539513 Sy2 13 54 29.0514576720 +13 27 57.255988644           ~ 19 0
75 LEDA 511869 Sy2 14 17 03.6615251736 -46 41 41.225045820   12.5   15.0   ~ 56 2
76 NGC 5643 Sy2 14 32 40.778 -44 10 28.60   11.03 13.60 9.92 10.6 ~ 652 1
77 Z 273-23 Sy2 14 40 38.0960806920 +53 30 15.961505184   16.05 15.03     ~ 341 1
78 NGC 5728 Sy2 14 42 23.8918506576 -17 15 11.240783784   14.34 13.40     ~ 679 1
79 Z 164-19 Sy2 14 45 36.8464489536 +27 02 05.566485732   12.7 15.3 11.9   ~ 86 0
80 IGR J14488-4008 Bla 14 48 50.9757473760 -40 08 45.711613968   14.7   14.0   ~ 45 1
81 IC 4518A Sy2 14 57 41.18 -43 07 55.6   16.64   13.74   ~ 131 0
82 NGC 5899 Sy2 15 15 03.252 +42 02 59.47   14.19 13.21     ~ 219 0
83 Z 319-7 Sy2 15 19 33.6695280336 +65 35 58.521788592   15.7 13.9     ~ 55 0
84 NGC 5972 Sy2 15 38 54.1552716984 +17 01 34.346610984   14.60 14.27     ~ 60 1
85 LEDA 259433 Sy2 16 05 23.302 -72 53 56.60           ~ 27 0
86 Z 367-9 Sy2 16 19 19.3404347352 +81 02 47.387175972   15.5       ~ 49 0
87 Mrk 1498 Sy2 16 28 04.0560946128 +51 46 31.477061100   17.0       ~ 120 1
88 LEDA 97536 Sy2 16 30 32.6560544664 +39 23 03.103312344     15.3     ~ 96 0
89 NGC 6232 Sy2 16 43 20.2476632184 +70 37 57.180386136   15.8       ~ 65 1
90 NGC 6240 Sy2 16 52 58.9 +02 24 03   14.31 13.37     ~ 1734 2
91 IRAS 16511+2354 Sy2 16 53 15.0629382504 +23 49 43.063963572   18.25 17.80     ~ 52 0
92 NGC 6300 Sy2 17 16 59.5418094960 -62 49 13.946588832   10.88 13.08 9.44 10.2 ~ 478 1
93 IC 4709 Sy2 18 24 19.3825237104 -56 22 08.709650004   14.41   13.10   ~ 78 0
94 ESO 103-35 Sy2 18 38 20.3204821536 -65 25 39.141804936   14.75 14.53 13.24   ~ 342 0
95 ESO 231-26 Sy2 19 13 14.7286305264 -50 10 58.410655968   16.43   15.04   ~ 39 0
96 3C 403.0 Sy2 19 52 15.7996999344 +02 30 24.238200816   15.42 16.5     ~ 353 1
97 IRAS 20247-7542 Sy1 20 30 41.7200538144 -75 32 43.142501940 15.34 17.28 15.36 15.82   ~ 31 0
98 IC 5063 Bla 20 52 02.15 -57 04 06.7   12.92 13.60 11.30   ~ 710 1
99 MCG-05-49-012 Sy2 21 02 23.7765278760 -28 10 28.579411740   15.25   14.18   ~ 50 0
100 NGC 7130 Sy2 21 48 19.5412287192 -34 57 04.492024884   12.86 13.87 11.57   ~ 483 1
101 Z 427-28 Sy2 21 50 46.7460408504 +14 06 36.411256512   15.5       ~ 34 0
102 NGC 7212a Sy1 22 07 01.9870259424 +10 14 00.838175892   15.1       ~ 217 1
103 LEDA 68751 Sy1 22 23 49.5398449645 -02 06 12.856394895   16.93 15.77 16.02   ~ 511 2
104 NGC 7319 Sy2 22 36 03.602 +33 58 33.18   14.57 13.53 12.65   ~ 325 0
105 3C 452 Sy2 22 45 48.7616172744 +39 41 15.906782184   17.60 16.56     ~ 391 1
106 NGC 7479 Sy2 23 04 56.6432243448 +12 19 22.357387020 11.74 11.60 10.85 10.47 9.66 ~ 783 2
107 NGC 7582 Sy2 23 18 23.60 -42 22 13.3 11.62 10.92 10.62     ~ 978 3
108 LEDA 73132 Sy2 23 59 04.31090 -60 54 59.2180   16.61       ~ 155 1

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