2021ApJ...916...47K

Query : 2021ApJ...916...47K

2021ApJ...916...47K - Astrophys. J., 916, 47-47 (2021/July-3)

GECKO optical follow-up observation of three binary black hole merger events: GW190408_181802, GW190412, and GW190503_185404.

KIM J., IM M., PAEK G.S.H., LEE C.-U., KIM S.-L., CHANG S.-W., CHOI C., HWANG S., KANG W., KIM S., KIM T., LEE H.M., LIM G., SEO J. and SUNG H.-I.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present optical follow-up observation results of three binary black hole merger (BBH) events, GW190408_181802, GW190412, and GW190503_185404, which were detected by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Electromagnetic (EM) counterparts are generally not expected for BBH merger events. However, some theoretical models suggest that EM counterparts of BBH can possibly arise in special environments, prompting motivation to search for EM counterparts for such events. We observed high-credibility regions of the sky for the three BBH merger events with telescopes of the Gravitational-wave EM Counterpart Korean Observatory (GECKO), including the KMTNet. Our observation started as soon as 100 minutes after the GW event alerts and covered 29-63 deg2 for each event with a depth of ∼22.5 mag in the R band within hours of observation. No plausible EM counterparts were found for these events, but based on there being no detection of the GW190503_185404 event, for which we covered the 69% credibility region, we place the BBH merger EM counterpart signal to be Mg > - 18.0 AB mag within about one day of the GW event. The comparison of our detection limits with light curves of several kilonova models suggests that a kilonova event could have been identified within hours of the GW alert with GECKO observations if the compact merger happened at <400 Mpc and the localization accuracy was on the order of 50 deg2. Our result shows great promise for the GECKO facilities to find EM counterparts within a few hours from GW detection in future GW observation runs.

Abstract Copyright: © 2021. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Gravitational wave astronomy - Black holes - Gravitational wave sources - Gravitational waves - Optical identification - Compact binary stars - High energy astrophysics - Stellar mass black holes - Novae - Time domain astronomy - Time series analysis - Compact objects

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/916/47): table1.dat table2.dat table3.dat>

Nomenclature: Table 5: [KIP2021] NN (Nos 1-13).

Simbad objects: 104

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Number of rows : 104
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 LEDA 1150484 G 12 13 27.2897515752 -00 09 24.846889860   18.25       ~ 6 0
2 LEDA 1219461 G 12 17 47.36921 +02 12 24.7667   18.232   16.712   ~ 5 0
3 LEDA 3115570 G 12 17 53.3935464288 +00 32 58.407456696   18.068   16.630   ~ 5 0
4 LEDA 3293500 G 12 21 38.85570 +02 11 54.9990   18.171   16.899   ~ 5 0
5 LEDA 1271577 G 12 24 00.8 +04 40 23           ~ 3 0
6 LEDA 1253504 G 12 24 38.31115 +03 30 13.4457           ~ 3 0
7 2MASX J12252912+0317180 G 12 25 29.12833 +03 17 18.0960           ~ 1 0
8 LEDA 1262787 G 12 26 10.20267 +04 03 21.3730           ~ 3 0
9 2MASX J12302034+0949083 G 12 30 20.34673 +09 49 08.3960           ~ 1 0
10 2MASX J12305009+0916524 G 12 30 50.09400 +09 16 52.4640           ~ 1 0
11 [KIP2021] 9 Ev? 12 36 24.060 +13 22 36.69       21.87   ~ 1 0
12 [KIP2021] 3 Ev? 12 36 45.090 +11 43 00.09       21.06   ~ 1 0
13 LEDA 1354689 G 12 36 52.3059033360 +08 50 33.494920512           ~ 6 0
14 [KIP2021] 7 Ev? 12 37 34.850 +13 16 49.31       21.17   ~ 1 0
15 [KIP2021] 8 Ev? 12 37 42.610 +13 20 19.88       21.40   ~ 1 0
16 SN 2019aqz SN* 12 38 11.480 +10 19 58.89           SNIa 1 0
17 2MASS J12382124+1406518 Sy2 12 38 21.2315588208 +14 06 51.640819992   18.99 18.51     ~ 11 0
18 AT 2018jcu ev 12 40 05.160 +13 07 58.24           ~ 1 0
19 [KIP2021] 10 Ev? 12 41 25.460 +13 21 30.02       21.24   ~ 1 0
20 [KIP2021] 4 Ev? 12 42 19.380 +01 17 22.02       22.05   ~ 1 0
21 SN 2018imf SN* 12 42 41.390 +13 15 54.89           SNIIP 4 0
22 [KIP2021] 12 Ev? 12 43 54.160 +13 12 12.77       21.15   ~ 1 0
23 LEDA 1439161 G 12 43 57.6741383069 +13 44 28.612657791           ~ 4 0
24 LEDA 1429307 G 12 44 33.1972632349 +13 22 14.240917190           ~ 3 0
25 [KIP2021] 5 Ev? 12 45 07.810 +10 37 10.78       21.33   ~ 1 0
26 [KIP2021] 1 Ev? 12 49 11.590 +14 08 00.25       21.34   ~ 1 0
27 LEDA 1418963 G 12 50 11.4 +12 55 28           ~ 2 0
28 [KIP2021] 2 Ev? 12 52 38.010 +19 04 04.33       20.80   ~ 1 0
29 2MASX J12544129+1805570 EmG 12 54 41.3041068192 +18 05 57.118915788           ~ 7 0
30 NVSS J125553+174829 rG 12 55 52.8479428416 +17 48 21.823158528           ~ 2 0
31 NVSS J125721+175307 rG 12 57 21.1158850368 +17 53 04.968826620           ~ 6 0
32 LEDA 1570093 G 12 57 24.87692 +18 46 53.3794           ~ 4 0
33 LEDA 1617725 G 13 00 32.50519 +20 08 24.6538           ~ 3 0
34 LEDA 1637575 G 13 04 09.2985927210 +20 51 53.823860696           ~ 4 0
35 LEDA 1551144 G 13 05 35.2700708856 +18 08 07.323045864   18.0       ~ 5 0
36 2MASX J13053613+1819028 G 13 05 36.1264992453 +18 19 02.478171496           ~ 2 0
37 LEDA 1632710 G 13 06 19.027 +20 38 46.40           ~ 7 0
38 LEDA 1624808 G 13 06 22.5 +20 21 16           ~ 2 0
39 2MASX J13085235+1913310 G 13 08 52.35720 +19 13 31.0940           ~ 1 0
40 2MASX J13090921+1810198 G 13 09 09.191 +18 10 19.63           ~ 5 0
41 2MASX J13092484+1850014 G 13 09 24.8640053760 +18 50 01.482815580           ~ 2 0
42 GrW 170817 GWE 13 09 48.0850 -23 22 53.343           ~ 2683 0
43 LEDA 1618130 G 13 11 49.46604 +20 09 08.3809           ~ 3 0
44 LEDA 1634408 G 13 11 50.6369251200 +20 43 15.202976664           ~ 4 0
45 LEDA 1631373 GiC 13 13 56.1953769168 +20 35 23.698130784           ~ 6 0
46 FIRST J140829.6+305517 rG 14 08 29.6645868360 +30 55 17.621756616           ~ 1 0
47 2MASX J14113703+3031536 G 14 11 37.0684180128 +30 31 52.690735992           ~ 3 0
48 2MASX J14125864+3037097 Sy2 14 12 58.6168996680 +30 37 09.887860200           ~ 4 0
49 LEDA 1869274 G 14 15 27.067 +29 31 53.10           ~ 5 0
50 2MASX J14203648+3109368 G 14 20 36.456 +31 09 36.55           ~ 3 0
51 LEDA 2029272 G 14 21 15.8663801352 +33 18 58.151240172           ~ 2 0
52 2MASX J14215990+3055366 G 14 21 59.8734210840 +30 55 36.639288048           ~ 3 0
53 LEDA 2043016 G 14 23 40.2 +34 02 53           ~ 2 0
54 2MASX J14273151+3515290 G 14 27 31.51607 +35 15 29.0990           ~ 1 0
55 LEDA 2026304 AGN 14 27 43.4238073728 +33 12 14.530323708       16.54 15.81 ~ 2 0
56 LEDA 2005291 G 14 28 54.2725586352 +32 37 23.288334708       16.37 15.61 ~ 8 0
57 LEDA 2052589 AGN 14 28 57.5459631648 +34 39 31.933902384       16.74 16.08 ~ 5 0
58 2MASS J14295137+3400333 AGN 14 29 51.3720517608 +34 00 33.349627584       16.72 15.99 ~ 3 0
59 2MASX J14300656+3449079 G 14 30 06.56253 +34 49 07.9460           ~ 1 0
60 MCG+05-34-069 GiC 14 32 39.8161206360 +31 36 41.995574172   17.96       ~ 9 0
61 2MASS J14360187+3332484 AGN 14 36 01.8757219656 +33 32 48.435010764       16.34 15.69 ~ 6 0
62 LEDA 2056629 G 14 36 41.9679463680 +34 55 14.419080588       16.32 15.23 ~ 5 0
63 2MASX J14373076+3603299 Sy2 14 37 30.7330769712 +36 03 30.189010032           ~ 3 0
64 LEDA 2059032 G 14 41 18.0625585080 +35 04 36.015380796           ~ 4 0
65 LEDA 2003929 G 14 41 25.93040 +32 35 30.8903           ~ 1 0
66 LEDA 2055365 G 14 42 18.9 +34 50 22           ~ 2 0
67 2MASX J14424304+3349194 LIN 14 42 43.0217120808 +33 49 19.151160852           ~ 5 0
68 LEDA 2074152 G 14 44 24.9 +36 03 02           ~ 2 0
69 2MASX J14452592+3441319 G 14 45 25.8948999864 +34 41 32.212724388           ~ 3 0
70 LEDA 2062695 G 14 45 55.8 +35 19 06           ~ 2 0
71 LEDA 2052845 LIN 14 46 17.3662872648 +34 40 36.075481644           ~ 5 0
72 LEDA 2029948 G 14 46 41.1 +33 20 41           ~ 2 0
73 LEDA 2052504 G 14 46 54.2695566792 +34 39 15.231603312           ~ 3 0
74 LEDA 2035881 G 14 48 53.9445259535 +33 37 27.878472093           ~ 5 0
75 LEDA 2040508 G 14 49 03.8114872440 +33 53 14.811348480           ~ 4 0
76 LEDA 2007713 G 14 49 35.6 +32 40 37           ~ 2 0
77 LEDA 2057172 G 14 49 53.8 +34 57 15           ~ 2 0
78 NVSS J145001+334654 rG 14 50 01.2418610520 +33 46 56.961450696           ~ 5 0
79 LEDA 2024398 G 14 50 46.014 +33 08 13.15           ~ 6 0
80 IRAS 14488+3520 Sy1 14 50 54.1660789584 +35 08 37.872832056   17.79 17.21     ~ 24 0
81 LEDA 2056935 G 14 50 57.0 +34 56 20           ~ 2 0
82 2MASX J14523282+3127126 LIN 14 52 32.8340682744 +31 27 12.148248852           ~ 4 0
83 NVSS J145316+344500 rG 14 53 16.9756242336 +34 44 58.737025608           ~ 9 0
84 LEDA 2027047 G 14 55 41.1266365056 +33 13 52.903337988           ~ 5 0
85 2MASX J14560222+3332429 G 14 56 02.2635240600 +33 32 43.281659724           ~ 5 0
86 LEDA 2041840 G 14 56 04.52455 +33 58 16.6974           ~ 1 0
87 LEDA 1995773 G 14 58 22.4 +32 24 50           ~ 3 0
88 LEDA 2042745 G 15 00 14.4672862977 +34 01 45.944372279           ~ 3 0
89 LEDA 2027534 G 15 00 16.5992859144 +33 14 59.302040172           ~ 3 0
90 LAMOST J150040.44+351747.6 G 15 00 40.41147 +35 17 48.2570           ~ 2 0
91 2MASX J15012375+3158009 G 15 01 23.7312259512 +31 58 01.154568828           ~ 2 0
92 2MASX J15024750+3309077 G 15 02 47.4976891104 +33 09 07.755949800           ~ 3 0
93 LEDA 2042325 BiC 15 03 11.4326813856 +34 00 15.109813188           ~ 3 0
94 SDSS J150422.69+351907.7 G 15 04 22.69266 +35 19 07.7825           ~ 1 0
95 NVSS J150743+352725 rG 15 07 43.6199505096 +35 27 24.086073096           ~ 5 0
96 2MASX J15094015+3330400 rG 15 09 40.1883577872 +33 30 40.420471824           ~ 9 0
97 LEDA 2060010 G 15 10 22.22879 +35 08 14.5771           ~ 1 0
98 LEDA 2069284 G 15 15 25.3 +35 44 28           ~ 2 0
99 NVSS J151636+361616 rG 15 16 36.7705097184 +36 16 15.596990112           ~ 5 0
100 LEDA 2071801 G 15 17 39.6 +35 54 11           ~ 3 0
101 GrW 190503 185404 GWE ~ ~           ~ 40 0
102 GrW 190412 GWE ~ ~           ~ 169 0
103 GrW 190521 GWE ~ ~           ~ 409 0
104 GrW 190408 181802 GWE ~ ~           ~ 46 0

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