2021ApJ...923...78S

Query : 2021ApJ...923...78S

2021ApJ...923...78S - Astrophys. J., 923, 78-78 (2021/December-2)

Limits to ionization-parameter mapping as a diagnostic of HII region optical depth.

SAWANT A.N., PELLEGRINI E.W., OEY M.S., LOPEZ-HERNANDEZ J. and MICHEVA G.

Abstract (from CDS):

We employ ionization-parameter mapping (IPM) to infer the optical depth of H II regions in the northern half of M33. We construct [O III]λ5007/[O II]λ3727 and [O III]λ5007/[S II]λ6724 ratio maps from narrowband images continuum-subtracted in this way, from which we classify the H II regions by optical depth to ionizing radiation, based on their ionization structure. This method works relatively well in the low-metallicity regime, 12+log(O/H)≤ 8.4, where [O III]λλ4959, 5007 is strong. However, at higher metallicities, the method breaks down due to the strong dependence of the [O III]λλ4959, 5007 emission lines on the nebular temperature. Thus, although O++ may be present in metal-rich H II regions, these commonly used emission lines do not serve as a useful indicator of its presence, and hence the O ionization state. In addition, IPM as a diagnostic of optical depth is limited by spatial resolution. We also report a region of highly excited [O III] extending over an area ∼1 kpc across and [O III]λ5007 luminosity of 4.9 ± 1.5 x 1038 erg s–1, which is several times higher than the ionizing budget of any potential sources in this portion of the galaxy. Finally, this work introduces a new method for continuum subtraction of narrowband images based on the dispersion of pixels around the mode of the diffuse-light flux distribution. In addition to M33, we demonstrate the method on C III]λ1909 imaging of Haro 11, ESO 338-IG004, and Mrk 71.

Abstract Copyright: © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Journal keyword(s): Disk galaxies - Irregular galaxies - Starburst galaxies - Emission line galaxies - Interstellar line emission - Nebulae - Direct imaging - Radiative transfer - Young massive clusters - Star formation - Astrostatistics distributions

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/ApJ/923/78): table2.dat>

Simbad objects: 124

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Number of rows : 124
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 ESO 350-38 Sy2 00 36 52.489 -33 33 17.23   14.31 14.41 13.49   ~ 450 0
2 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
3 NGC 588 HII 01 32 45.2 +30 38 54 14.59 14.40 14.44 14.89 15.16 ~ 126 1
4 LGC-HII 3 GlC 01 32 45.9154376736 +30 41 35.328611508 17.829 19.085 18.479 18.586 18.719 ~ 10 0
5 BCLMP 616 HII 01 32 54.3716100240 +30 50 28.099978728           ~ 3 0
6 [LHK2017] 54 HII 01 32 55.54 +30 40 36.7           ~ 2 0
7 BCLMP 289 HII 01 32 58.52 +30 44 26.8   19.30 19.70     ~ 8 0
8 CPSDP 67 HII 01 32 59.21 +30 41 13.8           ~ 2 0
9 BCLMP 285 HII 01 33 02.88 +30 41 08.1           ~ 4 0
10 SNR B013015+30245 SNR 01 33 03.96 +30 39 53.2           ~ 35 0
11 BCLMP 288 HII 01 33 07.42 +30 42 39.7     13.0     ~ 9 0
12 VGHC 2-21 HII 01 33 11.23 +30 45 15.7           ~ 3 0
13 BCLMP 290 HII 01 33 11.4 +30 45 15 14.74 14.71 14.80 14.92 15.08 ~ 10 0
14 CPSDP 102 HII 01 33 12.74 +30 49 16.8           ~ 2 0
15 BCLMP 290C HII 01 33 13.00 +30 45 04.1           ~ 3 0
16 BCLMP 618 HII 01 33 13.25 +30 50 33.0           ~ 7 0
17 BCLMP 620 HII 01 33 14.58 +30 51 38.5           ~ 4 0
18 BCLMP 625 HII 01 33 14.72 +30 53 36.6     12.9     ~ 6 0
19 BCLMP 286 SNR 01 33 14.80 +30 41 37.6           ~ 7 0
20 IC 131 HII 01 33 15.0 +30 45 09   12.52       ~ 66 0
21 IC 132 HII 01 33 15.8 +30 56 45 15.08 14.87 14.82 15.24 15.43 ~ 49 1
22 BCLMP 623 HII 01 33 15.9 +30 53 02     12.2     ~ 87 0
23 BCLMP 626 HII 01 33 16.24 +30 54 01.7           ~ 10 0
24 BCLMP 602 HII 01 33 16.45 +30 46 12.4           ~ 3 0
25 CPSDP 105 HII 01 33 17.46 +30 54 26.4           ~ 2 0
26 BCLMP 287 HII 01 33 18.14 +30 41 17.3           ~ 3 0
27 CPSDP 107 HII 01 33 18.97 +30 58 14.4   19.04 20.00     ~ 6 0
28 BCLMP 606 HII 01 33 19.87 +30 47 53.0     15.6     ~ 4 0
29 CPSDP 108 HII 01 33 23.18 +30 47 34.0           ~ 2 0
30 BCLMP 639 HII 01 33 27.94 +31 00 21.0           ~ 3 0
31 BCLMP 45 HII 01 33 29.20 +30 40 25.4 15.58 15.55 15.66 15.72 15.97 ~ 19 0
32 BCLMP 609 HII 01 33 29.95 +30 47 46.3     12.5     ~ 6 0
33 BCLMP 46 HII 01 33 29.95 +30 40 49.7           ~ 3 0
34 CPSDP 209 HII 01 33 33.44 +30 43 15.8           ~ 2 0
35 NGC 595 HII 01 33 33.53 +30 41 29.8           ~ 213 0
36 BCLMP 610 HII 01 33 33.95 +30 47 08.9     14.5     ~ 4 0
37 BCLMP 628 HII 01 33 34.5728992056 +30 50 09.223029060           ~ 3 0
38 [GDK99] 62 HII 01 33 35.50 +30 39 26.2           ~ 3 0
39 BCLMP 640 HII 01 33 36.0 +31 01 42     12.4     ~ 6 0
40 BCLMP 54 HII 01 33 36.04 +30 42 32.7           ~ 8 0
41 BCLMP 630 HII 01 33 36.36 +30 50 55.2           ~ 3 0
42 BCLMP 57 HII 01 33 36.50 +30 43 23.2           ~ 3 0
43 BCLMP 629 HII 01 33 36.61 +30 50 36.4     13.6     ~ 5 0
44 BCLMP 612 HII 01 33 40 +30 46.1           ~ 2 0
45 BCLMP 59 HII 01 33 40.32 +30 42 52.0           ~ 5 0
46 [MPH2006] 167 X 01 33 41.38 +30 56 08.5           ~ 6 0
47 BCLMP 56 HII 01 33 41.72 +30 41 53.3     11.7     ~ 7 0
48 BCLMP 61 HII 01 33 42.98 +30 44 40.5     14.4     ~ 11 0
49 BCLMP 52 HII 01 33 43.69 +30 40 58.1           ~ 5 0
50 BCLMP 641 HII 01 33 44 +31 02.4           ~ 3 0
51 BCLMP 60 HII 01 33 45.90 +30 42 47.9     14.7     ~ 6 0
52 BCLMP 631 HII 01 33 47.77 +30 50 53.4     12.2     ~ 5 0
53 BCLMP 37 HII 01 33 48.17 +30 39 16.4     12.7     ~ 7 0
54 BCLMP 43 HII 01 33 48.38 +30 39 35.6           ~ 12 0
55 [B2011b] 5 HII 01 33 48.39 +30 39 35.7           ~ 5 0
56 BCLMP 47 HII 01 33 48.89 +30 39 49.0     14.0     ~ 4 0
57 BCLMP 632 HII 01 33 49.82 +30 51 36.6     11.4     ~ 5 0
58 BCLMP 637 HII 01 33 50.6785022472 +30 56 36.775466268 17.16 17.01 17.05 17.52 17.65 ~ 8 0
59 [NM2011] J013350.71+305636.7 WR* 01 33 50.71 +30 56 36.7     20.05     WN3 3 0
60 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 6226 1
61 BCLMP 694 HII 01 33 52.02 +30 47 16.9           ~ 4 0
62 BCLMP 697 HII 01 33 52.5211837584 +30 46 31.930902696     19     ~ 4 0
63 [LHK2017] 260 HII 01 33 52.70 +30 45 02.2           ~ 2 0
64 CPSDP 227 HII 01 33 53.60 +30 45 48.9           ~ 2 0
65 BCLMP 76 HII 01 33 56.56 +30 41 01.4           ~ 3 0
66 [GDK99] 118 HII 01 33 57.5104017264 +30 42 14.451046056           ~ 3 0
67 CPSDP 212 HII 01 33 57.78 +30 49 01.4           ~ 3 0
68 BCLMP 695 HII 01 33 58.8307118976 +30 49 11.154207468 17.537 18.516 18.273 17.704 17.839 ~ 10 0
69 BCLMP 669 HII 01 33 58.90 +30 55 30.6           ~ 3 0
70 VGHC 2-77 HII 01 34 00.19 +30 40 50.0     15.4     ~ 18 0
71 XMMU J013400.2+305731 X 01 34 00.26 +30 57 31.1           ~ 2 0
72 CPSDP 240 HII 01 34 00.34 +30 42 18.2           ~ 2 0
73 BCLMP 72 HII 01 34 01.02 +30 43 54.2           ~ 6 0
74 BCLMP 81 HII 01 34 01.27 +30 40 08.1     15.8     ~ 4 0
75 BCLMP 698 HII 01 34 01.67 +30 44 57.8           ~ 3 0
76 BCLMP 672 HII 01 34 03.00 +30 51 26.3           ~ 3 0
77 BCLMP 668 HII 01 34 03.76 +30 54 53.6           ~ 3 0
78 BCLMP 693 HII 01 34 04.04 +30 46 58.7           ~ 4 0
79 CPSDP 291 HII 01 34 04.3161876216 +31 02 18.846589236           ~ 2 0
80 BCLMP 646A HII 01 34 06.60 +31 03 32.7           ~ 3 0
81 BCLMP 77 HII 01 34 06.71 +30 41 48.9     12.0     ~ 7 0
82 BCLMP 302 HII 01 34 06.85 +30 47 27.6     14.4     ~ 30 0
83 BCLMP 85 PoG 01 34 07.64 +30 39 22.2     13.7     ~ 9 0
84 BCLMP 645 HII 01 34 09.37 +31 03 20.4           ~ 3 0
85 CPSDP 251 HII 01 34 10.3561720296 +30 49 19.539906528           ~ 2 0
86 CPSDP 208 HII 01 34 10.45 +30 39 15.6           ~ 5 0
87 SNR B013121+30271 SNR 01 34 10.67 +30 42 23.6           ~ 45 0
88 BCLMP 667 HII 01 34 12.00 +30 52 21.9     14.0     ~ 5 0
89 BCLMP 747 HII 01 34 12.68 +30 45 06.5           ~ 3 0
90 BCLMP 691 HII 01 34 16.64 +30 51 53.7 14.80 14.63 14.66 14.76 14.76 ~ 31 0
91 BCLMP 685 HII 01 34 19.88 +30 48 59.3     14.1     ~ 6 0
92 CPSDP 261 HII 01 34 19.99 +30 48 25.8           ~ 2 0
93 BCLMP 661 HII 01 34 21.3631416480 +30 54 22.309587180           ~ 3 0
94 CPSDP 279 HII 01 34 21.94 +30 47 09.9           ~ 2 0
95 BCLMP 659 HII 01 34 24.13 +30 57 02.3           ~ 5 0
96 BCLMP 664 HII 01 34 26.83 +30 53 04.5           ~ 5 0
97 BCLMP 651 HII 01 34 29.71 +30 57 14.4     15.3     ~ 15 0
98 CPSDP 378 HII 01 34 31.73 +30 57 25.4     14.4     ~ 3 0
99 NGC 604 HII 01 34 32.1 +30 47 01           ~ 608 0
100 XMMU J013433.6+310021 HII 01 34 33.64 +31 00 21.2     14.8     ~ 14 0
101 BCLMP 748 HII 01 34 36.55 +30 44 08.1           ~ 5 0
102 BCLMP 679 HII 01 34 37.13 +30 47 13.2           ~ 3 0
103 CPSDP 284A HII 01 34 37.96 +30 46 22.3           ~ 2 0
104 BCLMP 653 HII 01 34 38.60 +30 56 12.7           ~ 3 0
105 BCLMP 742 HII 01 34 38.89 +30 41 19.2           ~ 3 0
106 VGHC 2-109 HII 01 34 38.93 +30 44 00.4           ~ 5 0
107 BCLMP 738 HII 01 34 39.18 +30 41 06.0           ~ 3 0
108 BCLMP 649 HII 01 34 39.18 +31 02 24.8           ~ 5 0
109 HBW 1192 HII 01 34 39.76 +30 44 48.3           ~ 2 0
110 BCLMP 740 HII 01 34 39.79 +30 41 50.1     15.6     ~ 10 0
111 BCLMP 750 HII 01 34 40.69 +30 43 31.0     15.8     ~ 5 0
112 [LHK2017] 395 HII 01 34 42.38 +30 55 43.2           ~ 2 0
113 CPSDP 350 HII 01 34 45.44 +30 42 23.4           ~ 2 0
114 BCLMP 657 HII 01 34 50.0 +30 54 50     13.9     ~ 5 0
115 BCLMP 752 HII 01 34 54.66 +30 41 17.9     13.1     ~ 5 0
116 CPSDP 366 HII 01 35 05.60 +30 41 20.7           ~ 2 0
117 CPSDP 366A HII 01 35 05.89 +30 41 00.7     13.5     ~ 3 0
118 BD+30 243 * 01 35 06.5037073824 +30 46 23.587805928   10.78 9.35 9.1   K5 4 0
119 BCLMP 756 HII 01 35 06.97 +30 41 47.7     12.3     ~ 7 0
120 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
121 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
122 NGC 2363A HII 07 28 42.8 +69 11 21           ~ 588 3
123 ESO 338-4 EmG 19 27 58.338 -41 34 30.81   13.55 13.21 13.14 13.43 ~ 253 1
124 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0

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