2021MNRAS.502.1797R

Query : 2021MNRAS.502.1797R

2021MNRAS.502.1797R - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 502, 1797-1815 (2021/April-1)

Optical and near-infrared observations of the SPT2349-56 proto-cluster core at z = 4.3.

ROTERMUND K.M., CHAPMAN S.C., PHADKE K.A., HILL R., PASS E., ARAVENA M., ASHBY M.L.N., BABUL A., BETHERMIN M., CANNING R., DE BREUCK C., DONG C., GONZALEZ A.H., HAYWARD C.C., JARUGULA S., MARRONE D.P., NARAYANAN D., REUTER C., SCOTT D., SPILKER J.S., VIEIRA J.D., WANG G. and WEISS A.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present Gemini-S and Spitzer-IRAC optical-through-near-IR observations in the field of the SPT2349-56 proto-cluster at z = 4.3. We detect optical/IR counterparts for only 9 of the 14 submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) previously identified by ALMA in the core of SPT2349-56. In addition, we detect four z ∼ 4 Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) in the 30 arcsec-diameter region surrounding this proto-cluster core. Three of the four LBGs are new systems, while one appears to be a counterpart of one of the nine observed SMGs. We identify a candidate brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) with a stellar mass of (3.2+2.3–1.4)×1011 M☉. The stellar masses of the eight other SMGs place them on, above, and below the main sequence of star formation at z ≃ 4.5. The cumulative stellar mass for the SPT2349-56 core is at least (12.2 ± 2.8) x 1011 M☉, a sizeable fraction of the stellar mass in local BCGs, and close to the universal baryon fraction (0.19) relative to the virial mass of the core (1013 M☉). As all 14 of these SMGs are destined to quickly merge, we conclude that the proto-cluster core has already developed a significant stellar mass at this early stage, comparable to z = 1 BCGs. Importantly, we also find that the SPT2349-56 core structure would be difficult to uncover in optical surveys, with none of the ALMA sources being easily identifiable or constrained through g, r, and i colour selection in deep optical surveys and only a modest overdensity of LBGs over the more extended structure. SPT2349-56 therefore represents a truly dust-obscured phase of a massive cluster core under formation.

Abstract Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: evolution - galaxies: high-redshift - galaxies: star formation - submillimetre: galaxies

Nomenclature: Table 2: [RCP2021] SPT-CL J2349-5638 LBGN (Nos LBG1-LBG4). Table B1: [RCP2021] NN (Nos 1-57).

Simbad objects: 88

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Number of rows : 88
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 [OID2018] DRC cluster PCG 00 42 23.6 -33 43 38           ~ 28 0
2 GD 71 WD* 05 52 27.6198591816 +15 53 13.228887444 11.675 12.783 13.032 13.169 13.337 DA1.5 407 0
3 CD-32 5613 WD* 08 41 32.4290850497 -32 56 32.915823461   12.07 11.85 12.3   DA5.5 325 0
4 NAME COSMOS Field reg 10 00 28.60 +02 12 21.0           ~ 3639 0
5 NAME PSC J1001+0218 PCG 10 01.0 +02 18           ~ 17 0
6 NAME Taralay Protocluster PCG 10 01 24.80 +02 20 16.6           ~ 26 0
7 PKS J1140-2628 rG 11 40 48.35884 -26 29 08.6316     22.00     ~ 325 1
8 NAME Subaru Deep Field NGP reg 13 24 21.3 +27 29 23           ~ 330 1
9 [TKO2012] protocluster PCG 13 24 26.5 +27 15 59           ~ 7 1
10 HS 1700+6416 QSO 17 01 00.6194059368 +64 12 09.118892376   16.39 16.17     ~ 382 0
11 SSA 22 reg 22 17 34.7 +00 15 07           ~ 351 0
12 Feige 110 HS* 23 19 58.3996844256 -05 09 56.171142864 10.360 11.45 11.50 11.970 12.145 sdO8VIIIHe5 673 1
13 SPT-CL J2349-5638 PCG 23 49.0 -56 38           ~ 47 0
14 [RCP2021] 52 G? 23 49 30.14920 -56 38 18.3113           ~ 1 0
15 [RCP2021] 54 G? 23 49 31.32360 -56 37 06.0532           ~ 1 0
16 [RCP2021] 55 G? 23 49 31.7981 -56 38 39.521           ~ 1 0
17 [RCP2021] 39 G? 23 49 32.04540 -56 37 46.6313           ~ 1 0
18 [RCP2021] 20 G? 23 49 32.12770 -56 37 52.5108           ~ 1 0
19 [RCP2021] 18 G? 23 49 32.91760 -56 38 37.2422           ~ 1 0
20 [RCP2021] 5 G? 23 49 32.97170 -56 37 03.6818           ~ 1 0
21 [RCP2021] 7 G? 23 49 33.26470 -56 39 50.1271           ~ 1 0
22 [RCP2021] 48 G? 23 49 33.3948 -56 37 27.323           ~ 1 0
23 [RCP2021] 51 G? 23 49 34.93100 -56 38 55.1054           ~ 1 0
24 [RCP2021] 8 G? 23 49 36.60430 -56 39 56.5279           ~ 1 0
25 [RCP2021] 9 G? 23 49 36.78260 -56 39 42.2089           ~ 1 0
26 [RCP2021] 50 G? 23 49 36.8624 -56 38 00.424           ~ 1 0
27 [RCP2021] 31 G? 23 49 37.07790 -56 39 35.7322           ~ 1 0
28 [RCP2021] 37 G? 23 49 38.40950 -56 36 35.3473           ~ 1 0
29 [RCP2021] 4 G? 23 49 38.50400 -56 38 07.7406           ~ 1 0
30 [RCP2021] 36 G? 23 49 38.59430 -56 38 44.4538           ~ 1 0
31 [RCP2021] 44 G? 23 49 38.88150 -56 39 14.4601           ~ 1 0
32 [RCP2021] 15 G? 23 49 39.11150 -56 39 33.6838           ~ 1 0
33 [RCP2021] 47 G? 23 49 39.37710 -56 39 12.8362           ~ 1 0
34 [RCP2021] 41 G? 23 49 39.88860 -56 37 33.7577           ~ 1 0
35 [HCS2020] C8 G 23 49 41.23 -56 38 24.4           ~ 11 0
36 [RCP2021] 25 G? 23 49 41.27140 -56 39 24.5941           ~ 1 0
37 [RCP2021] 6 G? 23 49 41.37540 -56 39 21.4016           ~ 1 0
38 [HCS2020] C4 G 23 49 41.42 -56 38 22.6           ~ 11 0
39 [RCP2021] 38 G? 23 49 41.56070 -56 37 23.0682           ~ 1 0
40 [RCP2021] 49 G? 23 49 41.91750 -56 36 26.9575           ~ 1 0
41 [HCS2020] C5 G 23 49 42.14 -56 38 25.8           ~ 9 0
42 [RCP2021] SPT-CL J2349-5638 LBG4 G 23 49 42.198 -56 38 10.28           ~ 1 0
43 [HCS2020] C9 G 23 49 42.22 -56 38 28.3           ~ 9 0
44 [HCS2020] C11 G 23 49 42.38 -56 38 25.8           ~ 9 0
45 [RCP2021] 14 G? 23 49 42.47540 -56 36 42.8929           ~ 1 0
46 [RCP2021] 35 G? 23 49 42.63680 -56 38 29.0018           ~ 1 0
47 [HCS2020] C1 G 23 49 42.67 -56 38 19.3           ~ 12 0
48 [RCP2021] SPT-CL J2349-5638 LBG3 G 23 49 42.703 -56 38 28.97           ~ 2 0
49 [HCS2020] C13 G 23 49 42.74 -56 38 25.1           ~ 12 0
50 [HCS2020] C3 G 23 49 42.79 -56 38 24.0           ~ 13 0
51 [HCS2020] C6 G 23 49 42.84 -56 38 25.1           ~ 13 0
52 [RCP2021] 23 G? 23 49 42.88400 -56 37 41.5758           ~ 1 0
53 [HCS2020] C7 G 23 49 42.96 -56 38 17.9           ~ 9 0
54 [HCS2020] C2 G 23 49 43.22 -56 38 30.1           ~ 10 0
55 [HCS2020] C14 G 23 49 43.27 -56 38 22.9           ~ 9 0
56 [RCP2021] 40 G? 23 49 43.27240 -56 38 29.7938           ~ 1 0
57 [RCP2021] SPT-CL J2349-5638 LBG2 G 23 49 43.340 -56 38 29.90           ~ 1 0
58 [RCP2021] 29 G? 23 49 43.34420 -56 38 20.9623           ~ 1 0
59 [HCS2020] C17 G 23 49 43.39 -56 38 21.1           ~ 8 0
60 [RCP2021] SPT-CL J2349-5638 LBG1 G 23 49 43.406 -56 38 20.93           ~ 1 0
61 [HCS2020] C10 G 23 49 43.46 -56 38 26.2           ~ 9 0
62 [RCP2021] 12 G? 23 49 44.80610 -56 36 49.2048           ~ 1 0
63 [RCP2021] 24 G? 23 49 45.41830 -56 37 50.6935           ~ 1 0
64 [RCP2021] 1 G? 23 49 45.6600 -56 36 19.553           ~ 1 0
65 [RCP2021] 13 G? 23 49 45.92390 -56 37 09.4512           ~ 1 0
66 [RCP2021] 43 G? 23 49 45.98030 -56 36 31.3668           ~ 1 0
67 [RCP2021] 21 G? 23 49 46.3815 -56 37 33.352           ~ 1 0
68 [RCP2021] 53 G? 23 49 46.70530 -56 36 35.3912           ~ 1 0
69 [RCP2021] 57 G? 23 49 46.81080 -56 36 35.4287           ~ 1 0
70 [RCP2021] 22 G? 23 49 47.41040 -56 37 48.3888           ~ 1 0
71 [RCP2021] 2 G? 23 49 47.73600 -56 37 39.9227           ~ 1 0
72 [RCP2021] 11 G? 23 49 48.11640 -56 36 36.9346           ~ 1 0
73 [RCP2021] 19 G? 23 49 48.37290 -56 37 24.8416           ~ 1 0
74 [RCP2021] 28 G? 23 49 48.65470 -56 37 05.4282           ~ 1 0
75 [RCP2021] 56 G? 23 49 49.37240 -56 37 00.4062           ~ 1 0
76 [RCP2021] 26 G? 23 49 50.08520 -56 38 37.3747           ~ 1 0
77 [RCP2021] 10 G? 23 49 50.32220 -56 38 46.3643           ~ 1 0
78 [RCP2021] 42 G? 23 49 51.42170 -56 38 53.7364           ~ 1 0
79 [RCP2021] 30 G? 23 49 51.61460 -56 39 22.7974           ~ 1 0
80 [RCP2021] 16 G? 23 49 52.0815 -56 38 29.886           ~ 1 0
81 [RCP2021] 34 G? 23 49 52.53500 -56 37 20.5525           ~ 1 0
82 [RCP2021] 27 G? 23 49 52.60030 -56 38 16.6182           ~ 1 0
83 [RCP2021] 33 G? 23 49 52.77640 -56 39 42.9613           ~ 1 0
84 [RCP2021] 32 G? 23 49 53.31030 -56 38 23.5745           ~ 1 0
85 [RCP2021] 45 G? 23 49 53.31110 -56 37 56.4834           ~ 1 0
86 [RCP2021] 17 G? 23 49 53.93500 -56 37 22.4742           ~ 1 0
87 [RCP2021] 46 G? 23 49 57.18310 -56 38 14.7836           ~ 1 0
88 [RCP2021] 3 G? 23 49 57.33590 -56 38 04.8559           ~ 1 0

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