2021MNRAS.502.4009B

Query : 2021MNRAS.502.4009B

2021MNRAS.502.4009B - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 502, 4009-4025 (2021/April-2)

Sub-damped Lyman α systems in the XQ-100 survey - II. Chemical evolution at 2.4 <= z <= 4.3.

BERG T.A.M., FUMAGALLI M., D'ODORICO V., ELLISON S.L., LOPEZ S., BECKER G.D., CHRISTENSEN L., CUPANI G., DENNEY K.D., SANCHEZ-RAMIREZ R. and WORSECK G.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present the measured gas-phase metal column densities in 155 sub-damped Ly α systems (subDLAs) with the aim to investigate the contribution of subDLAs to the chemical evolution of the Universe. The sample was identified within the absorber-blind XQ-100 quasar spectroscopic survey over the redshift range 2.4 <= zabs <= 4.3. Using all available column densities of the ionic species investigated (mainly C IV, Si II, Mg II, Si IV, Al II, Fe II, C II, and O I; in order of decreasing detection frequency), we estimate the ionization-corrected gas-phase metallicity of each system using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques to explore a large grid of CLOUDY ionization models. Without accounting for ionization and dust depletion effects, we find that the H I-weighted gas-phase metallicity evolution of subDLAs is consistent with damped Ly α systems (DLAs). When ionization corrections are included, subDLAs are systematically more metal poor than DLAs (between ≃0.5σ and ≃3σ significance) by up to ≃1.0 dex over the redshift range 3 <= zabs <= 4.3. The correlation of gas phase [Si/Fe] with metallicity in subDLAs appears to be consistent with that of DLAs, suggesting that the two classes of absorbers have a similar relative dust depletion pattern. As previously seen for Lyman limit systems, the gas phase [C/O] in subDLAs remains constantly solar for all metallicities indicating that both subDLAs and Lyman limit systems could trace carbon-rich ejecta, potentially in circumgalactic environments.

Abstract Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: high-redshift - galaxies: ISM - quasars: absorption lines

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/MNRAS/502/4009): table2.dat table3.dat>

Simbad objects: 74

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Number of rows : 74
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 QSO J0003-2603 QSO 00 03 22.9531962024 -26 03 18.304471908   18 17.53     ~ 293 0
2 QSO J0006-6208 QSO 00 06 51.6236518800 -62 08 03.569781336     18.29     ~ 41 0
3 QSO B0032+1622 QSO 00 34 54.6003906960 +16 39 20.658857256   21.1 19.50 18.7   ~ 28 0
4 QSO J0042-1020 QSO 00 42 19.7442706968 -10 20 09.572952948   20.57 19.53     ~ 36 0
5 QSO B0035-25 QSO 00 48 34.5619804200 -24 42 06.115888476     18.94     ~ 20 1
6 QSO J0056-2808 QSO 00 56 25.0852890048 -28 08 32.246023452     18.24     ~ 55 0
7 QSO J0100-2708 QSO 01 00 12.3140516496 -27 08 53.086023960   18.74 17.80     ~ 22 0
8 QSO B0111-2819 QSO 01 13 44.3844522888 -28 03 17.403981300     18.67     ~ 21 0
9 QSO J0121+0347 QSO 01 21 26.1474572280 +03 47 06.753783480     17.90     ~ 43 0
10 QSO J0124+0044 QSO 01 24 03.7793700432 +00 44 32.745561900   19.71 18.71 17.9   ~ 101 0
11 QSO J0132+1341 QSO 01 32 09.8738168184 +13 41 37.599025920     19.30     ~ 20 0
12 QSO J0133+0400 QSO 01 33 40.3265690928 +04 00 59.844453768     18.30     ~ 74 0
13 QSO B0135-42 QSO 01 37 24.3934534824 -42 24 17.145923688     18.46     ~ 30 0
14 QSO B0151-00 QSO 01 53 39.6078379368 -00 11 04.929367704   21.73 20.12     ~ 72 0
15 QSO J0211+1107 QSO 02 11 20.0369218272 +11 07 16.619669508     18.12     ~ 18 0
16 QSO J0214-0517 QSO 02 14 29.2973812872 -05 17 44.864763216     18.42     ~ 31 1
17 QSO J0234-1806 QSO 02 34 55.1545222416 -18 06 08.595991548     18.79     ~ 26 0
18 QSO B0241-01 QSO 02 44 01.8451874040 -01 34 03.848758680     18.20     ~ 65 0
19 QSO B0245-0608 QSO 02 47 56.5751683632 -05 55 58.779041160     18.60     ~ 28 0
20 QSO J0255+0048 QSO 02 55 18.5784341184 +00 48 47.540744316   21.15 20.00     ~ 84 0
21 QSO J0307-4945 QSO 03 07 22.8949808808 -49 45 48.274545240     18.76     ~ 69 0
22 QSO J0311-1722 QSO 03 11 15.2117927712 -17 22 47.669854188     17.73     ~ 37 0
23 QSO J0403-1703 QSO 04 03 56.6606313000 -17 03 21.923360028     18.7     ~ 35 0
24 QSO J0415-4357 QSO 04 15 15.1808225472 -43 57 52.947818244     18.81     ~ 22 0
25 QSO J0529-3526 QSO 05 29 15.9124930752 -35 26 03.550280604     18.94     ~ 17 0
26 QSO J0529-3552 QSO 05 29 20.8178658408 -35 52 34.247378928     18.29     ~ 23 0
27 QSO J0714-6455 QSO 07 14 31.3909921824 -64 55 10.502736132     18.35     ~ 22 0
28 QSO J0747+2739 QSO 07 47 11.1466907592 +27 39 03.365989812     17.20     ~ 74 0
29 QSO J0755+1345 QSO 07 55 52.4180637576 +13 45 51.230353176   19.98 19.29     ~ 28 0
30 QSO J0800+1920 QSO 08 00 50.2799470488 +19 20 58.957996452   20.89 19.92     ~ 40 0
31 SDSS J081855.78+095848.0 QSO 08 18 55.7827140888 +09 58 47.995294728   19.71 18.81     ~ 41 0
32 QSO J0835+0650 QSO 08 35 10.9218543888 +06 50 52.822332492   20.40 19.43     ~ 38 0
33 QSO J0839+0318 QSO 08 39 41.4494507976 +03 18 17.096263560   21.62 20.10     ~ 39 0
34 QSO J0920+0725 QSO 09 20 41.7620878440 +07 25 44.069595420   20.01 19.28     ~ 39 0
35 QSO J0937+0828 QSO 09 37 14.4853902864 +08 28 58.543420404   20.50 19.61     ~ 43 0
36 QSO B0952-0115 QSO 09 55 00.1037541106 -01 30 06.549307797     18.7     ~ 150 0
37 QSO J0959+1312 QSO 09 59 37.1146924200 +13 12 15.467765616   19.65 18.55     ~ 50 0
38 QSO J1013+0650 QSO 10 13 47.2971641808 +06 50 15.660024468   20.59 19.63     ~ 42 0
39 QSO J1018+0548 QSO 10 18 18.4507691544 +05 48 22.729956876   20.07 19.41     ~ 38 0
40 QSO J1020+0922 QSO 10 20 40.6230869016 +09 22 54.238672668   19.94 19.20     ~ 46 0
41 SDSS J102456.61+181908.7 QSO 10 24 56.6168544000 +18 19 08.700128724   19.62 18.99     ~ 26 0
42 QSO J1032+0927 QSO 10 32 21.1157309496 +09 27 49.002473052   20.72 19.75     ~ 37 0
43 QSO B1033-033 QSO 10 36 23.7457432848 -03 43 18.929156772     18.5     ~ 74 0
44 QSO J1037+0704 QSO 10 37 32.3836726200 +07 04 26.291458380   20.26 19.24     ~ 41 0
45 SDSS J105705.37+191042.8 QSO 10 57 05.3733759528 +19 10 42.850923744   20.93 19.74     ~ 31 0
46 PSS J1058+1245 QSO 10 58 58.3817012496 +12 45 54.925620408     18.00     ~ 24 0
47 QSO J1103+1004 QSO 11 03 52.7442282696 +10 04 03.182969352   20.45 19.58     ~ 39 0
48 SDSS J110855.46+120953.3 QSO 11 08 55.4652728904 +12 09 53.344550916   20.81 19.72     ~ 52 0
49 QSO B1108-07 QSO 11 11 13.600 -08 04 02.00     18.10     ~ 85 0
50 QSO J1126-0124 QSO 11 26 34.2851290008 -01 24 36.835650936   20.52 19.76     ~ 34 0
51 QSO J1202-0054 QSO 12 02 10.0843154832 -00 54 25.567831008   20.44 19.60     ~ 44 0
52 QSO J1248+1304 QSO 12 48 37.3167079800 +13 04 40.937966616   20.35 19.50     ~ 36 0
53 QSO J1249-0159 QSO 12 49 57.2390828736 -01 59 28.777376220   18.93 18.19     ~ 64 0
54 QSO J1320-0523 QSO 13 20 29.9690800824 -05 23 35.374439220   18.1 16.54     ~ 44 0
55 QSO J1323+1405 QSO 13 23 46.0565175792 +14 05 17.601150732   20.85 19.90     ~ 30 0
56 QSO J1330-2522 QSO 13 30 51.9940221240 -25 22 19.040423412     18.46     ~ 22 0
57 QSO B1330+0108 QSO 13 32 54.5135635824 +00 52 50.616766632   19.34 18.70     ~ 40 0
58 QSO J1336+0243 QSO 13 36 53.4373346472 +02 43 38.156769912   20.48 19.48     ~ 37 0
59 QSO J1416+1811 QSO 14 16 08.3885367120 +18 11 44.021280876   20.47 19.67     ~ 25 0
60 QSO B1418-064 Bla 14 21 07.75560722 -06 43 56.3557864   20.4 18.50 19.1   ~ 78 1
61 QSO J1503+0419 QSO 15 03 28.8873529680 +04 19 48.993415428   19.86 18.89     ~ 72 1
62 SDSS J151756.18+051103.5 QSO 15 17 56.1830523216 +05 11 03.614451216   20.21 19.45     ~ 35 0
63 QSO J1524+2123 QSO 15 24 36.0827330112 +21 23 09.151306476   19.30 18.58     ~ 31 0
64 QSO J1542+0955 QSO 15 42 37.7111267496 +09 55 58.892093652   21.01 19.93     ~ 27 0
65 SDSS J155255.04+100538.3 QSO 15 52 55.0453432176 +10 05 38.288551344   20.64 19.75     ~ 29 0
66 QSO B1618-0035 QSO 16 21 16.9228185456 -00 42 50.909201856   18.92 17.97     ~ 86 0
67 QSO J1658-0739 Bla 16 58 44.06196578 -07 39 17.6944850       18.76   ~ 62 1
68 QSO J1723+2243 QSO 17 23 23.1074068680 +22 43 57.140264100     18.17     ~ 42 0
69 QSO J2215-1611 QSO 22 15 27.2920172928 -16 11 33.057278052     18.10     ~ 58 0
70 QSO J2216-6714 QSO 22 16 52.0188194640 -67 14 43.661954400     18.06     ~ 25 0
71 QSO B2248-1244 QSO 22 51 18.1049437608 -12 27 03.295641708     18.5     ~ 31 0
72 QSO J2344+0342 QSO 23 44 03.1101598920 +03 42 26.725817304     18.20     ~ 51 0
73 QSO J2349-3712 QSO 23 49 13.7825429232 -37 12 59.310558144     18.69     ~ 26 0
74 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0

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