2021MNRAS.504.5629R

Query : 2021MNRAS.504.5629R

2021MNRAS.504.5629R - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 504, 5629-5646 (2021/July-2)

The complex variability of blazars: time-scales and periodicity analysis in S4 0954+65.

RAITERI C.M., VILLATA M., LARIONOV V.M., JORSTAD S.G., MARSCHER A.P., WEAVER Z.R., ACOSTA-PULIDO J.A., AGUDO I., ANDREEVA T., ARKHAROV A., BACHEV R., BENITEZ E., BERTON M., BJORKLUND I., BORMAN G.A., BOZHILOV V., CARNERERO M.I., CAROSATI D., CASADIO C., CHEN W.P., DAMLJANOVIC G., D'AMMANDO F., ESCUDERO J., FUENTES A., GIROLETTI M., GRISHINA T.S., GUPTA A.C., HAGEN-THORN V.A., HART M., HIRIART D., HOU W.-J., IVANOV D., KIM J.-Y., KIMERIDZE G.N., KONSTANTOPOULOU C., KOPATSKAYA E.N., KURTANIDZE O.M., KURTANIDZE S.O., LAHTEENMAKI A., LARIONOVA E.G., LARIONOVA L.V., MARCHILI N., MARKOVIC G., MINEV M., MOROZOVA D.A., MYSERLIS I., NAKAMURA M., NIKIFOROVA A.A., NIKOLASHVILI M.G., OTERO-SANTOS J., OVCHAROV E., PURSIMO T., RAHIMOV I., RIGHINI S., SAKAMOTO T., SAVCHENKO S.S., SEMKOV E.H., SHAKHOVSKOY D., SIGUA L.A., STOJANOVIC M., STRIGACHEV A., THUM C., TORNIKOSKI M., TRAIANOU E., TROITSKAYA Y.V., TROITSKIY I.S., TSAI A., VALCHEVA A., VASILYEV A.A., VINCE O. and ZAHARIEVA E.

Abstract (from CDS):

Among active galactic nuclei, blazars show extreme variability properties. We here investigate the case of the BL Lac object S4 0954+65 with data acquired in 2019-2020 by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) Collaboration. The 2-min cadence optical light curves provided by TESS during three observing sectors of nearly 1 month each allow us to study the fast variability in great detail. We identify several characteristic short-term time-scales, ranging from a few hours to a few days. However, these are not persistent, as they differ in the various TESS sectors. The long-term photometric and polarimetric optical and radio monitoring undertaken by the WEBT brings significant additional information, revealing that (i) in the optical, long-term flux changes are almost achromatic, while the short-term ones are strongly chromatic; (ii) the radio flux variations at 37 GHz follow those in the optical with a delay of about 3 weeks; (iii) the range of variation of the polarization degree and angle is much larger in the optical than in the radio band, but the mean polarization angles are similar; (iv) the optical long-term variability is characterized by a quasi-periodicity of about 1 month. We explain the source behaviour in terms of a rotating inhomogeneous helical jet, whose pitch angle can change in time.

Abstract Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: active - BL Lacertae objects: general - BL Lacertae objects: individual: S4 0954+65 - galaxies: jets

Simbad objects: 13

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Number of rows : 13
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 QSO B0235+1624 BLL 02 38 38.93010450 +16 36 59.2745528   16.46 15.50 15.92   ~ 1614 2
2 8C 0716+714 BLL 07 21 53.4482942664 +71 20 36.363846516   15.5 15.50 14.27   ~ 1388 1
3 GSC 04143-01034 PM* 09 58 22.9577624544 +65 35 14.519447196   15.02 14.37     G 2 0
4 2MASS J09584459+6533289 * 09 58 44.5910101790 +65 33 28.715361982           ~ 1 0
5 6C 095456+654857 BLL 09 58 47.2451872176 +65 33 54.819354600     17.0 15.75   ~ 771 1
6 [RVT99] 7 * 09 58 48.3295873440 +65 35 59.421497100   16.60 15.75     A 2 0
7 GSC 04143-01186 * 09 58 50.4362030592 +65 32 09.451309488           G 2 0
8 G 235-52 PM* 09 58 52.7514479520 +65 35 57.142385556   16.16   14.3   G 7 0
9 [RVT99] 9 * 09 58 53.9394311280 +65 35 18.430494432   17.01 16.17     A 2 0
10 GSC 04143-01004 * 09 59 09.2904793392 +65 34 14.481432840           G 2 0
11 [RVT99] 8 * 09 59 14.1036735288 +65 35 55.798692612   16.65 15.85     A 2 0
12 Z 225-7 BLL 16 53 52.21668403 +39 45 36.6088754 14.09 14.15 13.29 8.26   ~ 2304 2
13 NAME BL Lac BLL 22 02 43.2913536816 +42 16 39.979416792   15.66 14.72     ~ 2397 1

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