2021MNRAS.506.6212S

Query : 2021MNRAS.506.6212S

2021MNRAS.506.6212S - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 506, 6212-6222 (2021/October-1)

Prospects of newly detecting nearby star-forming galaxies by the Cherenkov Telescope Array.

SHIMONO N., TOTANI T. and SUDOH T.

Abstract (from CDS):

Prospects of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) for the study of very high energy gamma-ray emission from nearby star-forming galaxies are investigated. In the previous work, we constructed a model to calculate luminosity and energy spectrum of pion-decay gamma-ray emission produced by cosmic ray interaction with the interstellar medium (ISM), from four physical quantities of galaxies [star formation rate (SFR), gas mass, stellar mass, and effective radius]. The model is in good agreement with the observed GeV-TeV emission of several nearby galaxies. Applying this model to nearby galaxies that are not yet detected in TeV (mainly from the KINGFISH catalogue), their hadronic gamma-ray luminosities and spectra are predicted. We identify galaxies of the highest chance of detection by CTA, including NGC 5236, M33, NGC 6946, and IC 342. Concerning gamma-ray spectra, NGC 1482 is particularly interesting because our model predicts that this galaxy is close to the calorimetric limit and its gamma-ray spectral index in GeV-TeV is close to that of cosmic ray protons injected into ISM. Therefore, this galaxy may be detectable by CTA even though its GeV flux is below the Fermi Large Area Telescope sensitivity limit. In the TeV regime, most galaxies are not in the calorimetric limit, and the predicted TeV flux is lower than that assuming a simple relation between the TeV luminosity and SFR of M82 and NGC 253, typically by a factor of 15. This means that a more sophisticated model beyond the calorimetric limit assumption is necessary to study TeV emission from star-forming galaxies.

Abstract Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: starburst - gamma-rays: galaxies

Simbad objects: 81

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Number of rows : 81
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 55 rG 00 14 53.602 -39 11 47.86 8.54 8.58 7.87 7.84   ~ 828 2
2 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 13622 1
3 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3588 2
4 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
5 NGC 337 EmG 00 59 50.090 -07 34 40.66 11.97 12.06 11.61 12.4 12.2 ~ 297 2
6 NGC 584 Sy2 01 31 20.7231919800 -06 52 04.770287472 11.93 11.44 10.48     ~ 417 2
7 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 6226 1
8 M 74 G 01 36 41.7451236624 +15 47 01.107512304 10.52 10.00 9.46 9.16   ~ 1934 1
9 NGC 855 GiG 02 14 03.612 +27 52 37.82 14.19 13.56 12.75 12.40   ~ 236 1
10 NGC 925 H2G 02 27 16.913 +33 34 43.97   10.69 10.12 9.55   ~ 818 1
11 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4897 2
12 NGC 1097 LIN 02 46 19.059 -30 16 29.68 10.46 9.97 9.48 8.72 9.8 ~ 1448 3
13 NGC 1266 Sy1 03 16 00.7739640240 -02 25 37.827013584   14   12.46   ~ 332 2
14 NGC 1269 EmG 03 17 18.5785534752 -41 06 28.628735184 9.85 9.83 8.81 8.72   ~ 445 1
15 NGC 1316 rG 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1491 1
16 NGC 1365 Sy1 03 33 36.458 -36 08 26.37 10.48 10.08 9.63 8.79 9.7 ~ 1987 2
17 NGC 1377 GiG 03 36 39.077 -20 54 08.14   13.38   12.12   ~ 241 0
18 NGC 1404 rG 03 38 51.917 -35 35 39.81 11.53 10.69 10.00 9.03   ~ 787 1
19 IC 342 AGN 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1579 1
20 NGC 1482 EmG 03 54 38.928 -20 30 08.82 13.15 13.14 12.15 11.29   ~ 313 2
21 NGC 1512 GiP 04 03 54.281 -43 20 55.86 11.30 11.43 10.54 10.37   ~ 457 1
22 NGC 1569 rG 04 30 49.186 +64 50 52.52 11.72 11.86 11.03     ~ 1297 3
23 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
24 NGC 2146 AGN 06 18 37.710 +78 21 25.27 11.67 11.38 10.59     ~ 765 2
25 NGC 2403 AGN 07 36 51.3381434280 +65 36 09.650825640 9.31 8.84 8.38 8.19   ~ 1887 1
26 2MASS J07371703+6535579 HXB 07 37 17.0432126424 +65 35 57.826001220           SNIIP 317 1
27 UGC 4305 IG 08 19 04.9864630512 +70 43 13.086910452 12.06 11.72 11.39 11.11   ~ 812 2
28 Z 311-8 GiG 08 34 07.20 +66 10 54.0 15.39 15.03 14.70 14.49   ~ 357 2
29 NGC 2798 GiG 09 17 22.95407 +41 59 58.9560 13.03 13.04 12.32     ~ 338 3
30 NGC 2841 LIN 09 22 02.6778711696 +50 58 35.737082868 10.43 10.09 9.22     ~ 1113 1
31 NGC 2915 AG? 09 26 11.532 -76 37 34.75 13.13 12.93 12.68 11.90 12.8 ~ 371 2
32 Z 332-57 LSB 09 40 32.33 +71 10 56.0 14.53 14.00 13.66 13.41   ~ 372 1
33 NGC 2976 GiG 09 47 15.458 +67 54 58.97 11.77 11.03 10.16 9.51   ~ 712 1
34 NGC 3049 EmG 09 54 49.651 +09 16 17.90   13.04       ~ 346 1
35 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
36 M 82 AGN 09 55 52.430 +69 40 46.93 9.61 9.30 8.41     ~ 6156 6
37 NGC 3077 GiP 10 03 19.0965510921 +68 44 01.556166166 11.23 10.85 10.14 9.74   ~ 808 0
38 Z 333-17 LSB 10 05 30.45024 +70 21 51.4253 15.95 15.56 15.09 14.87   ~ 214 1
39 NGC 3189 GiP 10 18 05.643 +21 49 54.98 12.60 12.12 11.15 11.14   ~ 422 2
40 NGC 3180 GiG 10 18 16.985 +41 25 27.77   10.4       ~ 777 0
41 NGC 3198 EmG 10 19 54.990 +45 32 58.88 10.83 10.87 10.33     ~ 946 1
42 IC 2574 AG? 10 28 23.6148831408 +68 24 43.440012756 11.70 11.07 10.87 10.74   ~ 703 1
43 NGC 3265 GiG 10 31 06.768 +28 47 47.98   13.87 13.54     ~ 175 1
44 M 95 GiP 10 43 57.7313485800 +11 42 13.301191332 10.71 10.51 9.73 9.48   ~ 1238 2
45 NGC 3521 EmG 11 05 48.5680991376 -00 02 09.245076540 10.06 9.83 9.02 10.1 9.6 ~ 879 2
46 NGC 3621 Sy2 11 18 16.300 -32 48 45.36 10.10 9.44 9.56 8.07 10.1 ~ 661 3
47 M 66 AGN 11 20 15.0 +12 59 29 9.85 9.65 8.92     ~ 1509 4
48 NGC 3690 IG 11 28 31.0 +58 33 41   13.19 12.86     ~ 1015 4
49 NGC 3773 H2G 11 38 12.967 +12 06 42.91   13.1       ~ 219 0
50 NGC 3938 GiG 11 52 49.4335936248 +44 07 14.697085116 10.80 10.90 10.38     ~ 566 1
51 NGC 4236 GiG 12 16 42.118 +69 27 45.25 10.97 10.58 10.08 9.90   ~ 415 1
52 M 99 H2G 12 18 49.625 +14 24 59.36 10.45 10.44 9.87     ~ 1004 2
53 M 100 AGN 12 22 54.9299993592 +15 49 20.296257960 10.04 10.05 9.35     ~ 1963 2
54 NGC 4536 H2G 12 34 27.12887 +02 11 16.3680 11.14 11.16 10.55 17.393   ~ 913 3
55 NGC 4559 H2G 12 35 57.6402869976 +27 57 35.859278160   10.46 10.01     ~ 667 1
56 M 90 Sy2 12 36 49.8009839880 +13 09 46.523813040 10.56 10.26 9.54     ~ 953 1
57 M 58 Sy2 12 37 43.59747 +11 49 05.1240 10.80 10.48 9.66     ~ 1140 2
58 M 104 LIN 12 39 59.43185902 -11 37 22.9961800 9.51 9.55 8.00 8.05   ~ 1465 2
59 NGC 4625 SyG 12 41 52.7121819576 +41 16 26.115765780 12.74 12.92 12.35     ~ 383 2
60 NGC 4631 GiC 12 42 08.009 +32 32 29.44   9.78 9.19 9.10   ~ 1154 3
61 NGC 4725 Sy2 12 50 26.5716367992 +25 30 02.733090588   13.45 12.44     ~ 727 2
62 M 94 SyG 12 50 53.0737971432 +41 07 12.900884628 9.15 8.96 8.24 7.78   ~ 1476 2
63 NGC 4789A GiC 12 54 05.248 +27 08 58.67 14.37 14.23 13.95 13.84   ~ 614 1
64 M 64 SyG 12 56 43.696 +21 40 57.57   9.36 8.52     ~ 1010 2
65 NGC 4945 Sy2 13 05 27.279 -49 28 04.44   9.31 14.40 7.55   ~ 1582 2
66 Z 316-9 AG? 13 06 24.85 +67 42 25.0 14.08 13.61 13.08 12.98   ~ 268 1
67 M 63 LIN 13 15 49.2741893928 +42 01 45.728076108   9.34 8.59 8.35   ~ 1292 2
68 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
69 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4565 4
70 M 83 SBG 13 37 00.91920 -29 51 56.7400 8.85 8.11 7.52 7.21   ~ 2778 2
71 NGC 5398 LSB 14 01 21.555 -33 03 49.62   12.87 12.39 11.99 12.6 ~ 142 1
72 M 101 GiP 14 03 12.583 +54 20 55.50   8.46 7.86 7.76   ~ 3138 2
73 NGC 5408 EmG 14 03 20.907 -41 22 39.75   12.59   11.96 12.2 ~ 368 3
74 NGC 5474 GiP 14 05 01.608 +53 39 43.95   11.28 10.79     ~ 475 1
75 NGC 5713 GiG 14 40 11.528 -00 17 21.16 11.88 11.84 11.20     ~ 421 2
76 M 102 SyG 15 06 29.561 +55 45 47.91 11.12 10.74 9.89     ~ 578 2
77 IC 1127 SyG 15 34 57.22396 +23 30 11.6084   14.76 13.88     ~ 3090 4
78 NGC 6822 G 19 44 56.199 -14 47 51.29   18 8.1     ~ 1661 0
79 NGC 6946 H2G 20 34 52.332 +60 09 13.24   10.5       ~ 2661 2
80 NGC 7331 LIN 22 37 04.0506038088 +34 24 56.800076508 10.65 10.35 9.48     ~ 1284 2
81 NGC 7793 GiG 23 57 49.7540045856 -32 35 27.701550744 10.26 9.74 9.28 9.06 9.7 ~ 1188 2

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