2021MNRAS.507.4564P

Query : 2021MNRAS.507.4564P

2021MNRAS.507.4564P - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 507, 4564-4583 (2021/November-1)

Gamma-ray emission from young radio galaxies and quasars.

PRINCIPE G., DI VENERE L., ORIENTI M., MIGLIORI G., D'AMMANDO F., MAZZIOTTA M.N. and GIROLETTI M.

Abstract (from CDS):

According to radiative models, radio galaxies and quasars are predicted to produce gamma rays from the earliest stages of their evolution. Exploring their high-energy emission is crucial for providing information on the most energetic processes, the origin and the structure of the newly born radio jets. Taking advantage of more than 11 yr of Fermi-LAT data, we investigate the gamma-ray emission of 162 young radio sources (103 galaxies and 59 quasars), the largest sample of young radio sources used so far for such a gamma-ray study. We separately analyse each source and perform the first stacking analysis of this class of sources to investigate the gamma-ray emission of the undetected sources. We detect significant gamma-ray emission from 11 young radio sources, 4 galaxies, and 7 quasars, including the discovery of significant gamma-ray emission from the compact radio galaxy PKS 1007+142 (z = 0.213). The cumulative signal of below-threshold young radio sources is not significantly detected. However, it is about one order of magnitude lower than those derived from the individual sources, providing stringent upper limits on the gamma-ray emission from young radio galaxies (Fγ < 4.6 x 10–11 ph cm–2 s–1) and quasars (Fγ < 10.1 x 10–11 ph cm–2 s–1), and enabling a comparison with the models proposed. With this analysis of more than a decade of Fermi-LAT observations, we can conclude that while individual young radio sources can be bright gamma-ray emitters, the collective gamma-ray emission of this class of sources is not bright enough to be detected by Fermi-LAT.

Abstract Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: active - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: jets - gamma-rays: galaxies - radio continuum: galaxies

Simbad objects: 162

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Number of rows : 162
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 4C 40.52 rG 00 00 53.08106320 +40 54 01.8096518     21.4     ~ 52 1
2 ICRF J002225.4+001456 Sy2 00 22 25.42584644 +00 14 56.1630395   21.1       ~ 125 1
3 4C 00.03 Sy2 00 28 33.4223118840 +00 55 11.003002176   18.69 18.17     ~ 36 1
4 ICRF J002914.2+345632 Sy2 00 29 14.24247204 +34 56 32.2470345   20.2       ~ 145 1
5 4C 44.02 rG 00 36 53.5794 +44 43 21.620           ~ 17 1
6 NVSS J003808+230327 rG 00 38 08.1024 +23 03 28.440           ~ 35 1
7 4C 39.02 rG 00 41 54.9928 +39 25 21.212           ~ 19 1
8 LBQS 0056-0009 Bla 00 59 05.5147782072 +00 06 51.620377428   18.07 17.89 16.9   ~ 300 1
9 QSO B0108+388 Bla 01 11 37.31680 +39 06 28.1039     22 22.000   ~ 266 1
10 Z 502-27 rG 01 19 35.00087601 +32 10 50.0619670   16 14.5     ~ 249 1
11 4C 40.06 rG 01 23 26.1156 +40 46 58.909           ~ 20 1
12 3C 43 QSO 01 29 59.7696120312 +23 38 20.041393524           ~ 203 1
13 2MASS J01311382+5545128 BLL 01 31 13.8248461104 +55 45 12.977586576           ~ 62 1
14 3C 48 QSO 01 37 41.2996631208 +33 09 35.080388820   16.62 16.20     ~ 2924 2
15 6C 013735+400911 QSO 01 40 33.7548099360 +40 24 13.894124580   18.5       ~ 20 1
16 3C 49 rG 01 41 09.161 +13 53 28.07   22.327 20.920 20.876   ~ 189 1
17 4C 41.03 rG 02 16 30.333 +41 31 50.66           ~ 18 1
18 ICRF J031857.8+162832 Sy2 03 18 57.80304294 +16 28 32.6782325     22.0     ~ 212 1
19 NGC 1275 Bla 03 19 48.1599902040 +41 30 42.108850836   13.10 12.48 11.09   ~ 4243 3
20 NGC 1316 rG 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1491 1
21 ICRF J040549.2+380332 SyG 04 05 49.26287155 +38 03 32.2348497   18.5 18.5     ~ 187 3
22 4C 76.03 rG 04 10 45.61079426 +76 56 45.3130641   21 22.0 21.200   ~ 164 1
23 ICRF J042805.8+325952 Bla 04 28 05.80875891 +32 59 52.0442031       21.39   ~ 50 1
24 PKS 0428+205 rG 04 31 03.76141386 +20 37 34.2648470   22.174   19.085   ~ 198 1
25 2C 396 QSO 04 32 36.50262174 +41 38 28.4497778     20.0     ~ 231 1
26 ICRF J052109.8+163822 Sy1 05 21 09.88596258 +16 38 22.0515459   19.37 18.84 18.480   ~ 910 1
27 ESO 362-21 BLL 05 22 57.98464178 -36 27 30.8512953   15.26 14.62 14.48   ~ 873 2
28 ICRF J054236.1+495107 Sy1 05 42 36.13789710 +49 51 07.2337139   18.45 17.80 17.210   ~ 1573 1
29 QSO B0646+600 Bla 06 50 31.25435548 +60 01 44.5549353   18.9 18.6 19.65   ~ 125 1
30 7C 070105.09+391554.00 QSO 07 04 31.3272603648 +39 11 23.360779860   18.7 18.7     ~ 23 1
31 QSO B0710+439 QSO 07 13 38.16413557 +43 49 17.2072102   20.7       ~ 256 0
32 NVSS J073328+560541 rG 07 33 28.6148 +56 05 41.730           ~ 32 1
33 2MASX J07393481+4954389 Bla 07 39 34.8468657150 +49 54 38.765761130           ~ 12 1
34 3C 186 QSO 07 44 17.4720658920 +37 53 17.250697320   17.5 18.14 17.2   ~ 339 1
35 4C 46.16 QSO 07 47 43.5236 +46 18 57.384           ~ 34 1
36 2MASX J07575670+3959363 Sy2 07 57 56.7148709832 +39 59 36.104570412           ~ 47 1
37 3C 190 QSO 08 01 33.5525166480 +14 14 42.813906612   21.07 20.26 18.972   ~ 249 2
38 4C 47.27 Sy1 08 04 13.8817034712 +47 04 42.876898140   20.64 20.34     ~ 52 2
39 4C 30.13 QSO 08 04 42.2368690344 +30 12 37.030825404   18.56 18.17     ~ 82 1
40 3C 191 QSO 08 04 47.9671662720 +10 15 23.746977252   18.65 18.40     ~ 295 2
41 4C 40.20 Sy2 08 12 53.1122362128 +40 18 59.880992436   21.23 20.31     ~ 70 1
42 4C 07.22 BLL 08 13 23.7541734000 +07 34 05.603579760   19.28 18.44     ~ 36 1
43 NVSS J081735+435934 rG 08 17 35.4877 +43 59 34.449           ~ 14 1
44 NVSS J082504+315957 rG 08 25 04.5713344080 +31 59 57.045409692           ~ 16 1
45 LEDA 2275964 Bla 08 31 39.8039 +46 08 00.775   18.94 18.07 13.6   ~ 38 1
46 87GB 083013.0+581348 Bla 08 34 11.1012882048 +58 03 21.404149128           ~ 27 1
47 7C 083313.50+441135.00 Sy2 08 36 37.8438240792 +44 01 09.576639372           ~ 26 1
48 NVSS J083824+371036 rG 08 38 25.0106220120 +37 10 36.596070300           ~ 11 1
49 FIRST J084856.5+013647 Sy2 08 48 56.574 +01 36 47.82   21.60 20.62     ~ 32 1
50 NVSS J085408+021315 rG 08 54 08.44463 +02 13 16.1865           ~ 9 1
51 4C 29.32 QSO 08 56 01.2281175480 +28 58 35.444537832   19.43 19.13     ~ 52 1
52 7C 085805.20+291331.00 Sy2 09 01 05.2614565176 +29 01 46.939089828   18.84 18.08 18.600   ~ 132 1
53 6C 090251+464619 Bla 09 06 15.53979871 +46 36 19.0241852   16.80 16.08     ~ 63 1
54 3C 216.0 Bla 09 09 33.49714902 +42 53 46.4821036   19.98 19.42 18.220   ~ 520 1
55 6C 091409+502913 QSO 09 17 34.7941157256 +50 16 38.188398144   19.43 19.21     ~ 33 1
56 LEDA 26638 Sy1 09 24 05.3017245816 +14 10 21.513088308   19.28 18.47     ~ 33 1
57 87GB 092328.1+075810 BLL 09 26 08.003 +07 45 26.66   19.77 19.25     ~ 31 1
58 PMN J0934+0305 rG 09 34 30.6842444592 +03 05 45.337007472   18.5   17.3 16.50 ~ 20 2
59 9C J0936+3313 LIN 09 36 09.3738424789 +33 13 08.458026732       13.85   ~ 26 1
60 4C 42.30 rG 09 38 16.537 +42 38 34.89           ~ 17 1
61 NVSS J094525+352103 rG 09 45 25.9005678048 +35 21 03.561543864   19.37 18.65     ~ 33 1
62 EQ J0951+3451 Rad 09 51.0 +34 51           ~ 4 0
63 6C 095107+421525 QSO 09 54 12.5744244120 +42 01 09.187351572   21.51 21.00     ~ 29 1
64 NVSS J095844+384821 rG 09 58 44.269 +38 48 21.72           ~ 16 1
65 3C 237.0 rG 10 08 00.0529 +07 30 16.830   21       ~ 197 1
66 2MASX J10095550+1401547 LIN 10 09 55.5118948152 +14 01 54.287661108   19.92 19.04     ~ 33 1
67 NVSS J101251+403903 rG 10 12 51.77989 +40 39 03.4250           ~ 11 1
68 NVSS J101636+563927 Rad 10 16 36.1198942152 +56 39 26.876621736           ~ 5 1
69 QSO B1014+392 QSO 10 17 14.2463927856 +39 01 21.075140784   20.0       ~ 9 0
70 3C 241 rG 10 21 54.533 +21 59 30.50   23.5       ~ 171 1
71 LEDA 2269259 LIN 10 26 18.2613111266 +45 42 29.389879543           ~ 19 1
72 4C 39.32 AGN 10 28 44.2728990384 +38 44 36.859285032 22.66 18.4 18.27     ~ 51 1
73 NVSS J103016+385754 rG 10 30 16.5664 +38 57 53.823           ~ 14 1
74 ICRF J103507.0+562846 Sy2 10 35 07.03998083 +56 28 46.7956247   20.2 21.244 20.200   ~ 205 1
75 Z 212-30 LIN 10 37 19.3424977080 +43 35 15.305053488   14.6       ~ 91 1
76 7C 103742.79+301338.00 LIN 10 40 29.9436842112 +29 57 57.795289452 19.85 16 16.05     ~ 53 1
77 7C 1049+3827 Sy2 10 52 11.7875 +38 11 43.913   20.9 20.9     ~ 37 1
78 6C 105337+503613 QSO 10 56 28.2563837880 +50 19 52.049415684   18.21 17.96     ~ 42 1
79 NGC 3468 Bla 10 57 31.1758726801 +40 56 46.117028267   14.2       ~ 66 1
80 ICRF J112027.8+142054 Sy2 11 20 27.80814059 +14 20 54.9730732   20 20.935 20.100   ~ 175 1
81 6C 112856+453123 QSO 11 31 38.88881 +45 14 51.2180 22.91 20.0 19.54     ~ 33 1
82 SDSS J114311.03+053516.0 Sy1 11 43 11.0270039232 +05 35 16.022695200   20.10 19.60     ~ 35 1
83 4C 46.23 QSO 11 43 39.600 +46 21 20.44   14.9       ~ 64 0
84 NGC 3894 Bla 11 48 50.35817663 +59 24 56.3822416   12.9   11.57   ~ 268 1
85 6C 114618+531124 Bla 11 48 56.5690073664 +52 54 25.323857892   17.19 16.87 16.45   ~ 89 1
86 6C 114716+554640 Bla 11 50 00.16487 +55 28 20.8780       14.3   ~ 29 1
87 4C 31.38 Sy2 11 56 18.7420683840 +31 28 04.676598588   19.33 18.96     ~ 141 1
88 87GB 115453.8+433443 Sy1 11 57 27.6034274352 +43 18 06.331660632   18.76 18.33     ~ 44 1
89 NVSS J115919+464545 rG 11 59 19.974 +46 45 45.16           ~ 8 1
90 4C 46.25 rG 12 00 31.1534 +45 48 42.610           ~ 21 1
91 ICRF J120321.9+041419 Sy1 12 03 21.9376393920 +04 14 19.081466664   19.22 18.89     ~ 75 1
92 NVSS J120406+391218 rG 12 04 06.8559 +39 12 17.655 24.57 19.5 19.68     ~ 36 1
93 3C 268.3 Sy2 12 06 24.70656 +64 13 36.8760 22.74 21.847 20.790 19.910   ~ 196 1
94 NVSS J120902+411559 rG 12 09 02.7905671200 +41 15 59.305654152           ~ 16 1
95 6C 122535+365318 QSO 12 27 58.72552577 +36 35 11.8265176   21.5 21.5     ~ 139 1
96 ICRF J124449.1+404806 Sy1 12 44 49.1889 +40 48 06.150   19.0 19.0     ~ 87 1
97 ICRF J124733.3+672316 Bla 12 47 33.32959326 +67 23 16.4488689           ~ 100 2
98 7C 125100.90+305252.00 QSO 12 53 25.7278197648 +30 36 35.184324168   20.64 20.30     ~ 22 1
99 [VV2006] J130941.5+404757 QSO 13 09 41.5089517896 +40 47 57.233876136   19.67 19.43     ~ 34 0
100 NVSS J131057+445146 rG 13 10 56.9905624800 +44 51 46.590203124           ~ 15 2
101 4C 39.38 QSO 13 17 18.6358054464 +39 25 28.140463668   18.45 18.20     ~ 64 1
102 ICRF J131739.1+411545 Bla 13 17 39.1954 +41 15 45.621           ~ 54 1
103 4C 04.45 rG 13 24 19.676 +04 19 07.05   19.5       ~ 31 1
104 2MASX J13251331+3955536 Bla 13 25 13.3643889408 +39 55 53.245066404           ~ 19 0
105 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
106 4C 32.44 QSO 13 26 16.5142 +31 54 09.522   21.367 19.822 18.882   ~ 181 1
107 7C 132816.2+252436 QSO 13 30 37.6960744824 +25 09 10.983105972   18.31 17.67     ~ 373 1
108 3C 286 Sy1 13 31 08.2883506368 +30 30 32.960091564   17.51 17.25     ~ 4558 2
109 4C 58.26 Bz? 13 35 25.92853561 +58 44 00.2912887       21.91   ~ 60 1
110 LEDA 2252383 SyG 13 40 35.2016635824 +44 48 17.398175508           ~ 25 1
111 4C 38.37 QSO 13 45 36.9420854112 +38 23 12.500014308     18.5     ~ 97 1
112 PKS 1345+12 Sy2 13 47 33.36161873 +12 17 24.2398927   19.28 18.44 15.718   ~ 652 2
113 ICRF J140028.6+621038 Sy2 14 00 28.64823540 +62 10 38.5885744   22.137 20.373 19.530   ~ 187 1
114 2MASX J14005162+5216068 LIN 14 00 51.5814702864 +52 16 06.473503164           ~ 21 1
115 4C 35.32 QSO 14 03 19.3132924944 +35 08 13.228917720           ~ 46 2
116 NVSS J140416+411748 rG 14 04 16.3566607536 +41 17 48.737495544           ~ 15 1
117 Mrk 668 BLL 14 07 00.39441712 +28 27 14.6901341   16.13 15.35 10.29   ~ 826 3
118 87GB 140732.1+361738 Sy1 14 09 42.4485402456 +36 04 15.887047296           ~ 25 1
119 NVSS J141327+550529 rG 14 13 27.222 +55 05 29.27           ~ 12 1
120 ICRF J141414.8+455448 Sy2 14 14 14.8497 +45 54 48.730           ~ 41 1
121 QSO B1413+135 BLL 14 15 58.81751033 +13 20 23.7128587   21.055 20.000 18.461   ~ 476 1
122 PMN J1421+0508 rG 14 21 04.248 +05 08 44.80           ~ 11 1
123 6C 143339+510410 LIN 14 35 21.6699085551 +50 51 22.922806306           ~ 24 1
124 QSO B1445+101 Bla 14 45 16.46525080 +09 58 36.0727447   18.58 17.78     ~ 408 2
125 NVSS J144712+404745 rG 14 47 12.7625124264 +40 47 44.987437896           ~ 28 1
126 3C 309.1 Bla 14 59 07.58390804 +71 40 19.8668093   17.24 16.78 17.2   ~ 509 1
127 NVSS J150029+430951 rG 15 00 29.990 +43 09 51.54           ~ 15 1
128 7C 150219.6+290607 QSO 15 04 26.6967436608 +28 54 30.546778212   19.01 18.86     ~ 59 1
129 Z 193-16 rG 15 08 05.69280 +34 23 23.3376   15.6       ~ 50 1
130 QSO B1509+054 Bla 15 11 41.26637844 +05 18 09.2590927   18.49 17.80 13.95   ~ 122 0
131 3C 318.0 QSO 15 20 05.4773966208 +20 16 05.471959692   21.93 20.9     ~ 197 1
132 NVSS J152349+321350 rG 15 23 49.3424305752 +32 13 50.347922988           ~ 12 1
133 7C 153207.90+302221.00 QSO 15 34 09.9056050104 +30 12 03.938683176           ~ 14 1
134 6C 154200+390518 Sy2 15 43 49.51010 +38 56 01.3712   22.31 21.27     ~ 16 1
135 4C 46.32 QSO 15 45 25.48643 +46 22 44.3050           ~ 16 1
136 ICRF J154609.5+002624 Bla 15 46 09.53146317 +00 26 24.6145149   19.730 18.900 19.5   ~ 91 1
137 NVSS J155235+441906 rG 15 52 35.382 +44 19 05.92           ~ 10 1
138 7C 155812.19+533918.00 Sy2 15 59 27.644 +53 30 52.05   19.68 18.86     ~ 25 1
139 4C 52.37 Sy1 16 02 46.3870735776 +52 43 58.675644984   18.50 17.76     ~ 45 1
140 NVSS J160335+380643 rG 16 03 35.1750934464 +38 06 42.808318776   18.0       ~ 11 1
141 ICRF J160913.3+264129 Sy2 16 09 13.3196 +26 41 29.042   19       ~ 249 1
142 4C 40.34 BLL 16 11 48.5301162024 +40 40 20.955442404           ~ 26 1
143 4C 36.27B BLL 16 18 23.5801033152 +36 32 01.810874112   20.16 19.67 18.7   ~ 26 1
144 4C 37.46 BLL 16 21 11.2759546848 +37 46 04.839440412   20.47 19.65 18.85   ~ 49 1
145 4C 39.46 QSO 16 34 02.9529956304 +39 00 00.585862308   19.17 18.82     ~ 77 1
146 NVSS J164311+315617 QSO 16 43 11.3392097627 +31 56 18.383807091   19.33 19.15     ~ 54 1
147 3C 346.0 BLL 16 43 48.605 +17 15 49.43   17.2       ~ 270 1
148 NVSS J165822+390625 rG 16 58 22.18330 +39 06 25.6339           ~ 8 1
149 2MASX J17185436+5441486 Sy2 17 18 54.4002 +54 41 48.289           ~ 84 1
150 NGC 6328 QSO 17 23 41.02933859 -65 00 36.6106377   13.17 13.2 11.45 12.2 ~ 270 1
151 NVSS J181944+670847 rG 18 19 44.4292 +67 08 47.179           ~ 22 1
152 2C 1569 Bla 18 29 31.7809732968 +48 44 46.160168892   17.05 16.81 16.860   ~ 713 1
153 NVSS J184535+354116 rG 18 45 35.10883099 +35 41 16.7264948   19.830   21.900   ~ 68 0
154 ICRF J193925.0-634245 Sy2 19 39 25.0245304992 -63 42 45.640373400   18.87 18.37 17.64   ~ 1332 2
155 ICRF J194431.5+544807 BLL 19 44 31.51155734 +54 48 07.0622434   21.732   18.591   ~ 80 1
156 QSO B1946+708 BLL 19 45 53.51966298 +70 55 48.7285673   18.726 16.70 17.199   ~ 147 2
157 QSO B2021+614 Bla 20 22 06.68174620 +61 36 58.8047323     19.00 17.58   ~ 335 1
158 QSO B2134+0028 Bla 21 36 38.58632232 +00 41 54.2128562   17.30 17.08 17.02   ~ 580 2
159 2MASX J22502534+1419519 Sy1 22 50 25.3475290512 +14 19 52.095751140   17.28 16.97 17.243   ~ 210 1
160 2MASS J23134816+4712149 Sy1 23 13 48.1687273848 +47 12 14.957305200   17.5 18.0     ~ 52 1
161 4C 41.46 QSO 23 51 52.8774442920 +41 21 14.818610988   19.2       ~ 21 1
162 6C 235239+493337 BLL 23 55 09.45814429 +49 50 08.3394994   21.101   18.400   ~ 284 1

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