2022A&A...657A...9C

Query : 2022A&A...657A...9C

2022A&A...657A...9C - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 657A9-9 (2022/1-1)

Virgo filaments. I. Processing of gas in cosmological filaments around the Virgo cluster.

CASTIGNANI G., COMBES F., JABLONKA P., FINN R.A., RUDNICK G., VULCANI B., DESAI V., ZARITSKY D. and SALOME P.

Abstract (from CDS):

It is now well established that galaxies have different morphologies, gas contents, and star formation rates (SFR) in dense environments like galaxy clusters. The impact of environmental density extends to several virial radii, and galaxies appear to be pre-processed in filaments and groups before falling into the cluster. Our goal is to quantify this pre-processing in terms of gas content and SFR, as a function of density in cosmic filaments. We have observed the two first CO transitions in 163 galaxies with the IRAM-30 m telescope, and added 82 more measurements from the literature, thus forming a sample of 245 galaxies in the filaments around the Virgo cluster. We gathered HI-21cm measurements from the literature and observed 69 galaxies with the Nancay telescope to complete our sample. We compare our filament galaxies with comparable samples from the Virgo cluster and with the isolated galaxies of the AMIGA sample. We find a clear progression from field galaxies to filament and cluster galaxies for decreasing SFR, increasing fraction of galaxies in the quenching phase, an increasing proportion of early-type galaxies, and decreasing gas content. Galaxies in the quenching phase, defined as having a SFR below one-third of that of the main sequence (MS), are only between 0% and 20% in the isolated sample, according to local galaxy density, while they are 20%-60% in the filaments and 30%-80% in the Virgo cluster. Processes that lead to star formation quenching are already at play in filaments; they depend mostly on the local galaxy density, while the distance to the filament spine is a secondary parameter. While the HI-to-stellar-mass ratio decreases with local density by an order of magnitude in the filaments, and two orders of magnitude in the Virgo cluster with respect to the field, the decrease is much less for the H2-to-stellar-mass ratio. As the environmental density increases, the gas depletion time decreases, because the gas content decreases faster than the SFR. This suggests that gas depletion precedes star formation quenching.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2021

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: star formation - molecular data - ISM: general

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/657/A9): tablea1.dat-tablea6.dat listsp.dat spco/* sphi/*>

Simbad objects: 279

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Number of rows : 279
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 ESO 411-11 EmG 00 46 40.7384296152 -27 53 54.202334100   15.89 14.25 14.57   ~ 13 0
2 Z 118-19 EmG 07 53 45.281 +21 02 57.93   14.90       ~ 32 0
3 IC 2256 GiG 08 16 54.414 +24 10 37.30   15.2       ~ 34 0
4 NGC 2577 GiP 08 22 43.4495600280 +22 33 11.142071640   13.8       ~ 133 0
5 Z 119-78 GiP 08 23 11.2783197672 +22 39 52.797489408   14.6       ~ 96 0
6 IC 2361 AG? 08 25 44.4979589400 +27 52 28.173810396   14.9       ~ 55 0
7 Z 149-24 AG? 08 25 47.580 +28 07 06.14   15.5       ~ 39 0
8 NGC 2592 AG? 08 27 08.0516435904 +25 58 13.122058224   13.6       ~ 126 0
9 NGC 2594 AG? 08 27 17.1616179576 +25 52 43.686523164   15.0       ~ 60 0
10 MCG+08-16-005 Sy1 08 27 18.047 +46 02 02.44   16       ~ 12 0
11 NGC 2604 GiP 08 33 23.057 +29 32 19.03   15.38 14.92     ~ 122 0
12 Z 149-50 AG? 08 33 42.612 +27 42 43.96   15.1       ~ 24 0
13 NGC 2608 AG? 08 35 17.3298089184 +28 28 24.236326236   13.2       ~ 189 0
14 Z 237-15 AG? 08 44 05.9308682352 +49 47 37.870900980 13.87 13.40 12.46     ~ 106 1
15 Z 150-21 AG? 08 44 07.6766375736 +30 07 08.393939292   14.7       ~ 82 0
16 LEDA 1925809 GiP 08 51 32.016 +30 58 03.57   16.0       ~ 13 0
17 NGC 2679 GiP 08 51 32.9418201528 +30 51 55.211530176   14.3       ~ 81 0
18 Z 237-23 EmG 08 54 40.3033010496 +47 06 13.647684240   15.50       ~ 74 0
19 2MASX J08553314+3112417 Q? 08 55 33.1903733064 +31 12 42.129086904   16.17       ~ 34 0
20 NGC 2712 Sy2 08 59 30.4854395352 +44 54 50.079495852   12.30       ~ 194 0
21 Z 150-56 AG? 09 00 13.3269004560 +31 59 54.444185664   15.2       ~ 20 0
22 Z 120-56 AG? 09 00 24.1397755728 +25 36 53.307023472   15.20       ~ 92 0
23 NGC 2780 GiP 09 12 44.3905229280 +34 55 31.725869052   14.2       ~ 94 0
24 NGC 2793 GiC 09 16 45.602 +34 25 54.51   13.9       ~ 77 0
25 IC 2450 EmG 09 17 05.310 +25 25 45.16   14.0       ~ 75 0
26 NGC 2798 GiG 09 17 22.95407 +41 59 58.9560 13.03 13.04 12.32     ~ 338 3
27 NGC 2799 GiP 09 17 31.0045889856 +41 59 38.595688980   14.32 13.71     ~ 130 1
28 NGC 2844 GiG 09 21 48.0170367528 +40 09 04.472982288   13.6       ~ 131 0
29 NGC 2852 GiP 09 23 14.6019569160 +40 09 49.759151868   14.0       ~ 73 0
30 NGC 2853 GiP 09 23 17.3601784296 +40 12 00.171268092   14.6       ~ 47 0
31 NGC 2859 AG? 09 24 18.5266762368 +34 30 48.561305832   11.8       ~ 270 0
32 Z 181-43 AG? 09 25 47.998 +34 16 37.54   15.7       ~ 61 0
33 Z 181-44 LSB 09 26 01.491 +34 39 12.41   15.3       ~ 65 0
34 NGC 2893 AG? 09 30 16.9542533472 +29 32 23.895492828   13.6 13.11     ~ 132 1
35 Z 152-34 SBG 09 36 07.5262328208 +29 06 43.020010116   15.40 14.8     ~ 48 0
36 NGC 2964 H2G 09 42 54.251 +31 50 49.97   12.0       ~ 292 1
37 NGC 2968 GiP 09 43 12.0262452312 +31 55 43.348902492 16.85 15.72 14.25 13.43 12.50 ~ 130 0
38 NGC 2970 GiP 09 43 31.0664223936 +31 58 37.131582036   14.7       ~ 67 0
39 Z 182-20 H2G 09 48 04.6866187992 +32 52 56.953451244   14.8       ~ 43 0
40 NGC 3003 EmG 09 48 35.580 +33 25 17.83   12.3       ~ 225 0
41 NGC 3026 GiP 09 50 55.309 +28 33 04.25   13.80       ~ 102 0
42 NGC 3021 GiG 09 50 57.1456156056 +33 33 12.934404072   12.6       ~ 208 0
43 Z 182-26 EmG 09 51 28.122 +32 56 37.17   14.7       ~ 40 0
44 NGC 3032 AGN 09 52 08.1524118072 +29 14 10.364182440   13.87 13.28     ~ 260 0
45 Z 182-35 GiG 09 55 24.657 +33 15 44.29   14.5       ~ 41 0
46 NGC 3067 GiG 09 58 21.0726714528 +32 22 12.012636108   12.7       ~ 255 1
47 NGC 3098 GiG 10 02 16.6969955520 +24 42 39.887384724   13.00       ~ 143 0
48 Z 153-15 SBG 10 06 18.175 +28 56 41.49   14.64 14.12     ~ 55 0
49 NGC 3118 GiP 10 07 11.616 +33 01 40.35   14.4       ~ 70 0
50 IC 598 LIN 10 12 48.5669270904 +43 08 43.971776304   13.8       ~ 62 0
51 NGC 3193 GiP 10 18 24.884 +21 53 38.32 12.29 11.83 10.88 12.19   ~ 301 1
52 Z 211-42 LSB 10 20 03.6392021400 +38 36 55.942637184   14.3       ~ 40 0
53 Z 124-4 GiG 10 20 57.132 +25 21 53.41   14.0       ~ 60 0
54 NGC 3245A LSB 10 27 01.146 +28 38 21.84   15.4       ~ 93 0
55 NGC 3245 LIN 10 27 18.3864983136 +28 30 26.621599932   11.6       ~ 372 0
56 NGC 3248 GiG 10 27 45.4389454896 +22 50 49.805614320   13.9       ~ 83 0
57 NGC 3254 Sy2 10 29 19.922 +29 29 29.18   12.29 11.60     ~ 208 0
58 NGC 3265 GiG 10 31 06.768 +28 47 47.98   13.87 13.54     ~ 175 1
59 NGC 3277 Sy2 10 32 55.4484213912 +28 30 42.279280956 12.74 12.50 11.68     ~ 148 1
60 Z 183-29 AG? 10 35 22.7501040936 +37 40 17.633761104   15.0       ~ 18 0
61 Z 124-41 AG? 10 35 42.0244753152 +26 07 32.903764932   15.3       ~ 36 0
62 NGC 3294 AG? 10 36 16.2564642096 +37 19 29.049225924   11.5       ~ 210 0
63 Z 184-12 GiG 10 45 59.3725792464 +34 57 53.579123640   14.3       ~ 39 0
64 NGC 3381 GiG 10 48 24.7990862064 +34 42 41.068596852   12.8       ~ 180 0
65 NGC 3424 AGN 10 51 46.322 +32 54 02.44   13.2       ~ 176 1
66 NGC 3430 GiP 10 52 11.3923421616 +32 57 01.545623100   12.2       ~ 235 0
67 Z 184-31 GiG 10 52 38.361 +34 28 58.04   15.1       ~ 79 0
68 NGC 3442 H2G 10 53 08.0999856384 +33 54 37.298426436   13.2       ~ 96 1
69 Z 184-41 AG? 10 59 46.256 +33 23 30.51   13.3       ~ 39 0
70 NGC 3504 LIN 11 03 11.19147 +27 58 20.7660   13.48 12.93     ~ 545 2
71 NGC 3595 GiG 11 15 25.5491549736 +47 26 49.424185356   13.0       ~ 73 0
72 LEDA 2333993 AG? 11 16 46.009 +49 07 02.59           ~ 7 0
73 NAME NGC 3607 Group GrG 11 17 55.9 +18 07 35   9.9       ~ 57 0
74 MCG+06-25-041 LSB 11 18 32.084 +37 56 53.92   16.0       ~ 16 0
75 NGC 3629 GiC 11 20 31.7958505056 +26 57 48.281033484   12.9       ~ 104 0
76 NGC 3648 GiG 11 22 31.5070422432 +39 52 36.753613320   13.57 12.64     ~ 84 0
77 MCG+07-24-001 AG? 11 23 01.571 +38 31 12.08   15       ~ 14 0
78 NGC 3658 GiG 11 23 58.2657360576 +38 33 44.359464384   13.3       ~ 88 0
79 LEDA 2121110 AG? 11 24 02.690 +38 13 11.26           ~ 7 0
80 NGC 3665 GiG 11 24 43.630 +38 45 46.05 13.71 13.26 11.62     ~ 364 1
81 LEDA 2139858 AG? 11 27 01.662 +38 55 49.53           ~ 9 0
82 Z 214-8 AG? 11 27 22.093 +40 00 47.10   15.6       ~ 13 0
83 NGC 3687 H2G 11 28 00.6057378936 +29 30 39.756081528   13.0 12.58     ~ 150 0
84 NGC 3689 GiC 11 28 11.0180259864 +25 39 40.104503496   12.9       ~ 89 1
85 NGC 3694 GiG 11 28 54.1323482808 +35 24 50.364511164   13.5       ~ 71 0
86 Z 214-12 AG? 11 30 33.332 +38 14 26.39   15.5 15.63     ~ 17 0
87 MCG+07-24-018 AG? 11 30 35.2885975776 +39 24 59.904216180   16       ~ 8 0
88 Z 185-76 AG? 11 31 07.394 +35 35 22.43   15.6       ~ 15 0
89 LEDA 35508 AG? 11 31 09.5720664936 +36 36 02.498043852   15       ~ 16 0
90 Z 185-80 AG? 11 32 02.3907222312 +36 41 52.797708996   14.0       ~ 80 0
91 Z 185-81 GiG 11 32 39.346 +35 19 42.44   14.1       ~ 60 0
92 Z 185-85 GiG 11 33 30.238 +33 30 26.43   15.4       ~ 25 0
93 Z 185-88 GiG 11 33 43.425 +32 38 09.95   14.5       ~ 59 0
94 NAME Crater Cluster GlC 11 36 16.20 -10 52 38.8           ~ 117 1
95 Z 186-17 LSB 11 38 44.014 +33 48 17.16   15.3       ~ 54 0
96 NGC 3786 Sy2 11 39 42.5121341928 +31 54 33.971791752   14.62 13.74     ~ 413 1
97 NGC 3788 GiP 11 39 44.5783762224 +31 55 52.367128392   13.30 12.50     ~ 138 1
98 Z 157-11 bCG 11 40 24.862 +28 22 25.37   15.21       ~ 56 0
99 NGC 3796 GiG 11 40 31.1262142584 +60 17 55.999438980   13.4       ~ 79 0
100 NGC 3838 GiP 11 44 13.7648109936 +57 56 53.538816012   12.7       ~ 102 0
101 NGC 3900 GiP 11 49 09.4563144120 +27 01 19.276393872   12.5       ~ 202 0
102 NGC 3898 LIN 11 49 15.370 +56 05 03.66   11.7       ~ 329 1
103 Z 157-39 GiG 11 49 23.650 +26 44 29.50   15.2       ~ 73 0
104 NGC 3912 GiP 11 50 04.449 +26 28 44.39   13.2       ~ 94 0
105 NGC 3953 GiG 11 53 49.0086582552 +52 19 36.475395312   11.08   9.71   ~ 380 0
106 NGC 3982 Sy2 11 56 28.1445516072 +55 07 30.859586652   12.20 11.70 11.18   ~ 588 1
107 M 109 GiG 11 57 35.9631479640 +53 22 29.006082336   10.94   9.57   ~ 483 0
108 NGC 3998 Sy2 11 57 56.1334044408 +55 27 12.922443432   11.64 12.10 10.09   ~ 682 2
109 NGC 4026 GiP 11 59 25.0914676128 +50 57 41.951225700   12.17       ~ 290 0
110 NGC 4051 Sy1 12 03 09.6101337312 +44 31 52.682601288   11.08 12.92 9.94   ~ 2270 1
111 Z 98-38 GiC 12 03 50.515 +16 33 16.66   15.6       ~ 32 0
112 NGC 4088 AGN 12 05 34.2230093952 +50 32 21.064017876   11.2       ~ 428 1
113 NGC 4096 GiG 12 06 01.161 +47 28 42.09   11.61   10.86   ~ 271 0
114 NGC 4100 GiG 12 06 08.602 +49 34 56.32   11.7       ~ 269 0
115 NGC 4111 LIN 12 07 03.1334091672 +43 03 56.345868252 12.07 11.63 10.74     ~ 350 1
116 NGC 4138 Sy2 12 09 29.8011417048 +43 41 06.864140004 12.46 12.29 11.32 10.82   ~ 436 1
117 NGC 4143 LIN 12 09 36.0679174440 +42 32 03.031963368   13.04 12.08     ~ 251 0
118 Z 128-45 GiG 12 09 46.714 +25 01 33.83   14.6       ~ 58 0
119 NGC 4144 GiG 12 09 58.601 +46 27 25.85   12.17   11.50   ~ 260 0
120 NGC 4151 Sy1 12 10 32.5759813872 +39 24 21.063527532   12.18 11.48     ~ 3938 2
121 NGC 4152 AGN 12 10 37.511 +16 01 58.56   14.00 13.35     ~ 244 0
122 Z 98-93 GiC 12 11 57.7593256344 +20 01 40.276606296   15.3       ~ 22 0
123 Z 215-55 GiG 12 15 33.442 +43 26 02.81   15.4       ~ 50 0
124 NGC 4228 SBG 12 15 39.174 +36 19 36.80 10.63 10.30 9.93 9.74   ~ 1017 1
125 NGC 4244 GiG 12 17 29.659 +37 48 25.60   10.71   9.99   ~ 582 1
126 IC 777 GiC 12 19 23.815 +28 18 35.57   14.5       ~ 44 0
127 NGC 4314 LIN 12 22 32.0223000912 +29 53 43.814812200 11.72 11.43 10.58     ~ 494 1
128 NGC 4359 GiG 12 24 11.060 +31 31 17.78   13.9       ~ 122 0
129 NGC 4414 GiC 12 26 27.1276893168 +31 13 24.626206488 11.12 10.96 10.12     ~ 593 2
130 NGC 4448 H2G 12 28 15.428 +28 37 13.08   11.9       ~ 207 0
131 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
132 NAME CVn I Group GrG 12 32 48.3 +33 57 07           ~ 149 0
133 NGC 4525 LSB 12 33 51.1345197048 +30 16 38.774676108   13.0       ~ 129 0
134 NGC 4559 H2G 12 35 57.6402869976 +27 57 35.859278160   10.46 10.01     ~ 667 1
135 NAME NGP reg 12 51 26.275 +27 07 41.70           ~ 1274 0
136 NGC 4793 SBG 12 54 40.6141698528 +28 56 19.233837060   12.50 11.93     ~ 193 2
137 Z 160-50 EmG 12 57 49.9305524304 +29 39 15.086386188   15.25 14.83     ~ 57 0
138 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 5141 2
139 NGC 4961 EmG 13 05 47.5766802528 +27 44 03.247625004   13.5       ~ 196 0
140 IC 851 GiC 13 08 34.350 +21 02 59.07   14.9       ~ 68 0
141 NGC 5012 LIN 13 11 37.0550725200 +22 54 55.807560612   13.6       ~ 158 1
142 NGC 5016 AGN 13 12 06.6662685192 +24 05 41.945286156   13.180 12.558 12.093 11.547 ~ 171 0
143 NGC 5012A GiP 13 12 41.759 +22 49 46.91   14.8       ~ 38 0
144 Z 189-44 GiC 13 14 30.637 +35 23 12.49   15.4       ~ 41 0
145 NGC 5089 EmG 13 19 39.298 +30 15 22.76   14.211       ~ 65 0
146 NGC 5116 GiC 13 22 55.6101613584 +26 58 50.571561900   13.7       ~ 87 0
147 NGC 5117 GiC 13 22 56.462 +28 18 59.51   14.597       ~ 86 0
148 Z 131-6 GiC 13 23 00.857 +23 18 22.68   15.4       ~ 36 0
149 NGC 5169 GiP 13 28 10.0409595840 +46 40 19.434574956   14.30       ~ 72 1
150 NGC 5173 GiP 13 28 25.2798599736 +46 35 29.890508928   13.10       ~ 153 1
151 IC 4263 LSB 13 28 33.530 +46 55 38.27   15.10       ~ 56 1
152 MCG+08-25-006 AG? 13 28 33.633 +46 29 59.26   16       ~ 11 0
153 Z 246-5 GiG 13 28 49.7588615040 +46 15 44.629649856   15.1       ~ 22 0
154 NGC 5198 GiP 13 30 11.3858465016 +46 40 14.667297420   13.2       ~ 189 0
155 NGC 5240 Sy2 13 35 55.2001936128 +35 35 17.720669652   14.1       ~ 75 0
156 NGC 5248 G 13 37 32.0145074088 +08 53 06.496982448   11.4       ~ 554 0
157 Z 190-39 GiC 13 38 24.871 +33 07 03.75   14.389       ~ 68 0
158 Z 218-37 G 13 40 29.788 +42 59 32.67   15.4       ~ 30 0
159 LEDA 214137 G 13 40 31.22 +42 59 38.6           ~ 5 0
160 MCG+06-30-069 LSB 13 41 17.255 +33 46 21.40   16.0       ~ 56 0
161 Z 190-45 AG? 13 44 28.414 +35 11 32.28   14.5       ~ 63 0
162 NGC 5289 GiP 13 45 08.7075916440 +41 30 12.218593392   14.09 13.09     ~ 149 0
163 NGC 5290 Sy2 13 45 19.1579940768 +41 42 44.473535424   17.80 16.50     ~ 188 1
164 NGC 5297 GiP 13 46 23.694 +43 52 19.34   12.3       ~ 181 0
165 NGC 5300 EmG 13 48 16.0374180816 +03 57 03.109732632   13.7       ~ 151 0
166 Z 218-50 EmG 13 48 39.119 +43 24 44.73   14.6       ~ 100 0
167 Z 218-51 H2G 13 48 45.139 +41 42 34.65   15.6   14.01   ~ 35 0
168 NGC 5311 Bla 13 48 56.0676753566 +39 59 06.644374016 14.77 14.35 13.30 12.76 12.03 ~ 83 1
169 Z 218-53 GiG 13 49 04.5463409496 +39 29 51.728387136   14.3   13.01   ~ 28 0
170 NGC 5313 GiP 13 49 44.3492718072 +39 59 05.147922516   12.4   11.43   ~ 105 0
171 NGC 5320 SyG 13 50 20.4032909280 +41 21 58.381675956   13.1   11.98   ~ 125 0
172 IC 4336 GiP 13 50 43.3853244240 +39 42 24.403715388   14.6   13.12   ~ 46 0
173 NGC 5326 GiP 13 50 50.7086232072 +39 34 29.516857680   12.9   11.38   ~ 91 0
174 Z 218-64 H2G 13 51 25.3760186496 +40 12 47.734846344   15.4   13.83   ~ 32 0
175 NGC 5336 GiG 13 52 09.8245015560 +43 14 34.498922100   13.6       ~ 63 0
176 NGC 5337 GiG 13 52 23.0212036056 +39 41 14.255519964   13.4   12.42   ~ 81 0
177 2MASX J13522492+3933269 GiP 13 52 24.924 +39 33 26.98       14.96   ~ 12 0
178 NGC 5346 LSB 13 53 01.919 +39 34 49.89   14.9   13.18   ~ 71 0
179 NGC 5347 Sy2 13 53 17.7984934128 +33 29 27.011618196   13.46 12.70     ~ 373 1
180 NGC 5350 H2G 13 53 21.6232753416 +40 21 50.186768184   12.4   10.99   ~ 240 1
181 NGC 5353 rG 13 53 26.7104646981 +40 16 59.200050598   11.8   10.57   ~ 309 1
182 HCG 68 CGG 13 53 40.9 +40 19 07     12.4     ~ 114 0
183 NGC 5355 GiP 13 53 45.5694778488 +40 20 19.254210180   14.0   13.08   ~ 126 0
184 Z 219-21 AG? 13 53 59.557 +39 42 55.72   15.7   14.44   ~ 10 0
185 NGC 5358 GiP 13 54 00.4229168952 +40 16 38.364580668   14.6   13.35   ~ 102 0
186 NGC 5348 GiP 13 54 11.254 +05 13 37.91   14.5       ~ 104 0
187 NGC 5362 GiG 13 54 53.3147662344 +41 18 48.462669576   13.2   12.17   ~ 92 0
188 NGC 5356 GiP 13 54 58.422 +05 20 00.98   14.1       ~ 112 0
189 NGC 5360 GiP 13 55 38.679 +04 59 05.09   14.9       ~ 72 0
190 NGC 5390 LIN 13 55 39.9385716624 +40 27 42.380606592   12.81 11.93 10.04   ~ 373 1
191 NGC 5363 rG 13 56 07.24367 +05 15 16.9200 12.59 12.12 10.51     ~ 235 1
192 NGC 5364 GiP 13 56 12.004 +05 00 52.06   13.2       ~ 273 0
193 NGC 5375 LIN 13 56 56.0072063832 +29 09 51.653612304   12.78 12.08 11.65 11.65 ~ 130 1
194 NGC 5383 EmG 13 57 04.9709727768 +41 50 46.419238680   12.5   10.95   ~ 353 0
195 NGC 5403 GiG 13 59 50.756 +38 10 56.28   14.9   11.80   ~ 82 0
196 Z 191-30 GiP 13 59 57.0517446506 +38 12 02.856723851   16   13.60   ~ 29 0
197 Z 219-39 GiG 14 00 25.3086317928 +38 31 14.839507920   15.4   14.24   ~ 15 0
198 Z 191-32 EmG 14 01 24.0226054608 +36 48 00.466221348   15.2   13.43   ~ 41 0
199 NGC 5470 GiG 14 06 31.999 +06 01 45.86   14.5       ~ 80 0
200 NGC 5560 GiP 14 20 04.497 +03 59 33.55 13.38 13.20 12.37     ~ 131 1
201 NGC 5566 AG? 14 20 19.94760 +03 56 00.9240 11.91 11.46 10.55     ~ 193 2
202 NGC 5574 GiP 14 20 55.9688962704 +03 14 16.792454148 13.54 13.23 12.39     ~ 158 1
203 NGC 5576 GiP 14 21 03.691 +03 16 15.78 12.25 11.85 10.96     ~ 347 1
204 NGC 5577 GiP 14 21 13.110 +03 26 08.76   13.05       ~ 138 1
205 Z 19-12 EmG 14 23 27.1688465352 +01 43 34.412659176   13.16   12.555 13.0 ~ 124 1
206 NGC 5636 GiP 14 29 39.0108829368 +03 15 58.704040548   13.70       ~ 71 1
207 NGC 5638 GiP 14 29 40.3717451400 +03 13 59.987811648 12.57 12.14 11.20     ~ 252 2
208 IC 1022 GiG 14 30 01.868 +03 46 24.05   15.05       ~ 44 1
209 NGC 5645 GiG 14 30 39.3607130040 +07 16 30.307322856   12.8       ~ 136 0
210 IC 1024 GiG 14 31 27.221 +03 00 32.78   13.87       ~ 127 1
211 NGC 5661 GiP 14 31 57.400 +06 15 01.70   14.2       ~ 76 0
212 NGC 5658 GiG 14 32 28.528 +00 17 38.95   14.6   13.662   ~ 65 0
213 NGC 5668 AG? 14 33 24.3419973936 +04 27 01.650790800   12.7       ~ 226 0
214 NGC 5692 GiG 14 38 18.1086849912 +03 24 37.153924632   13.3       ~ 66 0
215 NGC 5701 GiG 14 39 11.0751915840 +05 21 48.493104264 12.03 11.76 10.88     ~ 247 1
216 NGC 5725 GiG 14 40 58.385 +02 11 12.59   14.5       ~ 48 0
217 IC 1048 GiP 14 42 57.876 +04 53 24.46   14.0       ~ 112 0
218 NGC 5740 GiP 14 44 24.4374499392 +01 40 47.224019676   12.5   12.5 12.0 ~ 178 0
219 NGC 5746 GiP 14 44 56.005 +01 57 17.06   12.3       ~ 375 0
220 Z 296-17 EmG 14 49 46.025 +60 23 55.30   15.30       ~ 60 0
221 NGC 5777 GiP 14 51 17.798 +58 58 40.12   14.2       ~ 104 0
222 IC 1066 GiP 14 53 02.8555019400 +03 17 45.653096220   14.2       ~ 82 0
223 IC 1067 GiP 14 53 05.2360267944 +03 19 54.337726776   13.6       ~ 98 0
224 NGC 5770 GiG 14 53 15.0128865696 +03 57 35.024994900 13.49 13.15 12.26     ~ 109 1
225 NGC 5806 Sy2 15 00 00.4088018736 +01 53 28.779594792   12.40 11.70 10.94 11.6 ~ 305 1
226 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
227 Z 20-48 GiG 15 02 03.534 +01 50 28.01   14.61   12.93   ~ 65 1
228 NGC 5831 GiG 15 04 07.0002600408 +01 13 11.705607012   13.1   11.19   ~ 304 0
229 NGC 5838 GiG 15 05 26.2447857696 +02 05 57.349108392   12.1   10.26   ~ 252 0
230 NGC 5839 GiG 15 05 27.4892848248 +01 38 05.284771152   13.9 12.19 11.67 10.72 ~ 113 0
231 LEDA 2586382 AG? 15 05 35.6938000176 +59 05 37.257006984           ~ 9 0
232 NGC 5845 GiG 15 06 00.7823239488 +01 38 01.704838596   13.8 11.20 12.06 9.94 ~ 403 0
233 NGC 5846 rG 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 891 2
234 NGC 5848 GiP 15 06 35.0399158656 +02 00 17.384867892   14.8   12.70   ~ 40 0
235 NGC 5850 LIN 15 07 07.6828131840 +01 32 39.513281352   11.5   10.79 11.1 ~ 330 1
236 NGC 5854 GiG 15 07 47.6993537544 +02 34 07.059522288   13.1   11.23   ~ 155 0
237 Z 21-13 GiG 15 08 05.654 +01 39 05.91   15.6   14.22   ~ 20 0
238 NGC 5864 GiG 15 09 33.5680310184 +03 03 09.980709588   12.9   11.18   ~ 107 0
239 NGC 5865 GiP 15 09 49.4195561280 +00 28 12.385857792   13.5       ~ 99 0
240 NGC 5894 AG? 15 11 40.9482635976 +59 48 32.047254360   13.40       ~ 85 1
241 Z 297-7 Sy2 15 13 29.224 +58 30 33.22   15.0       ~ 31 0
242 Z 21-58 GiG 15 15 34.6101582456 +02 14 53.793432060   14.68       ~ 47 0
243 LEDA 2578846 AG? 15 18 27.058 +58 26 58.56           ~ 8 0
244 Z 297-12 LSB 15 23 51.735 +58 03 11.23   14.6       ~ 85 0
245 NGC 5951 GiG 15 33 43.070 +15 00 26.26   13.8       ~ 121 0
246 NGC 5953 Sy2 15 34 32.40240 +15 11 37.7990   13.23 12.45     ~ 389 1
247 NGC 5954 GiP 15 34 35.175 +15 11 53.67   13.7       ~ 180 0
248 NGC 5956 LIN 15 34 58.5343014096 +11 45 00.936150696   13.3       ~ 95 0
249 NGC 5957 Sy2 15 35 23.2175160360 +12 02 51.281778048   13.3       ~ 143 0
250 NGC 5981 GiG 15 37 53.5014542688 +59 23 30.529061988   14.2       ~ 110 0
251 NGC 5970 GiP 15 38 29.9475459984 +12 11 11.681818188   12.2       ~ 182 0
252 NGC 5982 LIN 15 38 39.778 +59 21 21.21   12.4       ~ 302 0
253 NGC 5985 SyG 15 39 37.0545742176 +59 19 55.216886664   15.24 14.22     ~ 267 0
254 NGC 5989 GiG 15 41 32.7907536480 +59 45 18.897878952   13.6       ~ 45 0
255 Z 107-29 LSB 15 43 23.971 +14 26 08.97   15.1       ~ 49 0
256 NGC 6012 AG? 15 54 13.9048137432 +14 36 04.278408300   13.209 12.420 11.870 11.195 ~ 136 0
257 Z 107-58 AG? 15 54 41.2346829528 +16 37 02.322772572   14.5       ~ 49 0
258 IC 1151 AG? 15 58 32.3414987472 +17 26 29.272859340   13.4       ~ 147 0
259 IC 1210 AG? 16 14 30.1958111712 +62 32 11.903081064   13.8       ~ 60 0
260 Z 298-22 AG? 16 15 02.8559689800 +61 46 55.431909588   14.9       ~ 17 0
261 Z 108-169 LSB 16 15 28.810 +18 54 17.42   15.0       ~ 92 0
262 NGC 6149 LIN 16 27 24.2315841696 +19 35 49.852602960   14.8       ~ 63 0
263 Z 138-21 LIN 16 29 27.1464984744 +21 20 11.741140572   15.2       ~ 53 0
264 NGC 6181 H2G 16 32 20.96927 +19 49 35.7710   12.7       ~ 258 1
265 NGC 6186 GiG 16 34 25.485 +21 32 27.01   14.2       ~ 109 0
266 NGC 6267 GiG 16 58 08.6587695744 +22 59 06.394263792   14.0       ~ 64 0
267 NGC 6276 GiP 17 00 44.982 +23 02 38.43   15.2       ~ 25 1
268 NGC 6278 GiP 17 00 50.3235598776 +23 00 39.735179064   13.8       ~ 173 0
269 NGC 6306 GiG 17 07 36.907 +60 43 43.19 14.42 14.40 13.74     ~ 52 1
270 Z 139-38 AG? 17 08 25.5802213824 +25 31 02.318464344   14.2       ~ 65 0
271 MCG+10-25-084 AG? 17 44 10.459 +57 59 15.74   16.0       ~ 12 0
272 NAME Serpens Cloud SFR 18 29 49 +01 14.8           ~ 1195 1
273 NAME Leo Cloud Cld ~ ~           ~ 65 0
274 NAME Vir III Complex GrG ~ ~           ~ 16 1
275 NAME Laniakea Supercluster SCG ~ ~           ~ 61 0
276 NAME LMi GrG ~ ~           ~ 8 0
277 NAME Virgo Extension GrG ~ ~           ~ 56 0
278 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0
279 NAME Draco Cluster Cl* ~ ~           ~ 12 0

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