2022A&A...661A..16V

Query : 2022A&A...661A..16V

2022A&A...661A..16V - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 661A16-16 (2022/5-1)

The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS). Presenting the demographics of X-ray emission from normal galaxies.

VULIC N., HORNSCHEMEIER A.E., HABERL F., BASU-ZYCH A.R., KYRITSIS E., ZEZAS A., SALVATO M., PTAK A., BOGDAN A., KOVLAKAS K., WILMS J., SASAKI M., LIU T., MERLONI A., DWELLY T., BRUNNER H., LAMER G., MAITRA C., NANDRA K. and SANTANGELO A.

Abstract (from CDS):


Context. The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS), completed in survey mode during the calibration and performance verification phase of the eROSITA instrument on Spectrum Roentgen Gamma, delivers data at and beyond the final depth of the 4-yr eROSITA all-sky survey (eRASS:8), f_0.5-2 keV_ = 1.1 x 10–14 erg s–1 cm–2, over 140 deg2. It provides the first view of normal galaxy X-ray emission from X-ray binaries (XRBs) and the hot interstellar medium at the full depth of eRASS:8.
Aims. We used the Heraklion Extragalactic Catalogue (HECATE) of galaxies to correlate with eFEDS X-ray sources and identify X-ray detected normal galaxies. This flux-limited X-ray survey is relatively free from selection effects and enables the study of integrated normal galaxy X-ray emission and its relation to galaxy parameters such as the stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), and metallicity.
Methods. We cross-correlated 32 646 eFEDS X-ray sources to 1181 HECATE normal galaxies and obtained 94 matches. We classified galaxies as star-forming, early-type, composite, and active galactic nuclei (AGN) using Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Six-degree Field (6dF) optical spectroscopy.
Results. The eFEDS field harbours 37 normal galaxies: 36 late-type (star-forming) galaxies and one early-type galaxy. There are 1.9 times as many normal galaxies as predicted by scaling relations via simulations, with an overabundance of late-type galaxies and a dearth of early-type galaxies. When compared with empirical relations, eFEDS dwarf galaxies with a high specific SFR have elevated LX/SFR at a fixed specific SFR and metallicity, indicating an increase in XRB emission due to low metallicity. We expect that eRASS:8 will detect 12 500 normal galaxies, the majority of which will be star-forming, with the caveat that there are unclassified sources in eFEDS and galaxy catalogue incompleteness issues that could increase the actual number of detected galaxies over these current estimates.
Conclusions. eFEDS observations detected a rare population of galaxies - the metal-poor dwarf starbursts - that do not follow known scaling relations. eRASS is expected to discover significant numbers of these high-redshift analogues, which are important for studying the heating of the intergalactic medium at high redshift. Further investigation of the hot gas emission from normal galaxies and stochastic effects in the dwarf galaxy population are required to constrain their X-ray output.

Abstract Copyright: © ESO 2022

Journal keyword(s): surveys - galaxies: starburst - galaxies: dwarf - galaxies: statistics - X-rays: galaxies - X-rays: binaries

Simbad objects: 95

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Number of rows : 95
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME Chandra Deep Field-South reg 03 32 28.0 -27 48 30           ~ 2282 1
2 Z 4-29 GiG 08 27 31.8055169568 -01 37 31.219207932   15.5       ~ 11 0
3 Z 4-32 EmG 08 28 07.9901636160 -01 32 19.086895284   15.3       ~ 21 0
4 LEDA 1119085 Sy2 08 30 11.545 -01 25 08.49   16.35   15.64   ~ 5 0
5 Z 4-42 EmG 08 30 58.2362419728 -00 05 32.887637088   15.5       ~ 11 0
6 Z 4-48 Sy2 08 32 29.6243031648 -00 54 10.686849912   15.5       ~ 11 0
7 LEDA 152776 Sy2 08 32 46.8445538904 -00 19 46.642196388   16.34   15.35   ~ 5 0
8 Z 4-49 BiC 08 32 46.8566762760 +00 13 40.968115572   15.2       ~ 24 0
9 LEDA 1281998 G 08 34 22.94444 +05 20 53.0069           ~ 4 0
10 Z 4-58 GiG 08 34 31.7013272832 +01 39 57.907113048   14.7       ~ 21 0
11 LEDA 3996672 AG? 08 34 37.1697825624 +04 28 16.202848368           ~ 8 0
12 LEDA 1108322 G 08 35 05.7198897720 -01 51 01.840846608   16.34   14.99   ~ 12 0
13 NGC 2616 GiG 08 35 34.0696421904 -01 51 00.415506564   15.2       ~ 45 1
14 NVSS J083538-011407 rG 08 35 38.4016944384 -01 14 07.047484008   16.55   15.20   ~ 14 0
15 LEDA 3092142 LIN 08 35 38.7888219288 +04 45 25.320530484           ~ 20 0
16 Z 4-71 GiG 08 35 41.7766194840 -01 45 24.542180280   15.3       ~ 17 0
17 Z 4-72 G 08 35 47.1488632632 -01 56 37.752319788   15.7       ~ 16 0
18 Z 4-73 GiG 08 35 48.5245438344 +01 43 18.222774312   13.9       ~ 41 0
19 NGC 2618 AG? 08 35 53.5430063664 +00 42 25.606115604   13.9       ~ 47 0
20 LEDA 1262541 LIN 08 36 30.8507129904 +04 02 15.554403708           ~ 21 0
21 Z 4-85 Sy2 08 36 38.9532758256 -01 31 53.953673952   15.6       ~ 18 0
22 LEDA 1099872 Sy2 08 37 12.3706114968 -02 10 04.133680428   16.46   15.12   ~ 8 0
23 LEDA 1208190 AGN 08 37 23.572 +01 51 27.01           ~ 11 0
24 LEDA 1108649 EmG 08 38 07.0 -01 50 19   17.24   15.94   ~ 5 0
25 Z 4-98 G 08 38 52.390 +01 23 57.04   15.3       ~ 17 0
26 LEDA 2816619 G 08 39 39.20909 +03 49 42.6389           ~ 19 0
27 LEDA 3450700 G 08 41 17.923 +03 53 06.82           ~ 8 0
28 NGC 2644 AG? 08 41 31.9105611288 +04 58 48.940988448   13.40       ~ 71 0
29 Z 4-106 G 08 41 59.6690784624 +00 55 40.140453504   15.4       ~ 12 0
30 LEDA 153158 Sy2 08 42 01.838 -01 45 13.38   16.13   15.12   ~ 9 0
31 Z 4-107 EmG 08 42 40.1106994128 -00 33 47.387205504   15.3       ~ 23 0
32 LEDA 213516 G 08 43 18.318 +03 36 01.47           ~ 7 0
33 Z 32-54 G 08 43 26.1211834296 +03 36 52.378025976   14.8       ~ 31 0
34 SDSS J084643.28+023221.2 G 08 46 43.2908133408 +02 32 21.220401048           ~ 5 0
35 IC 521 LIN 08 46 43.9612405680 +02 32 14.705037312   14.8       ~ 30 0
36 Z 33-6 G 08 46 54.0587779032 +02 30 05.222804652   15.6       ~ 18 0
37 2MASX J08471408+0121451 EmG 08 47 14.08906 +01 21 44.6518           ~ 19 0
38 Z 33-8 G 08 47 31.468 +02 41 24.91   15.6       ~ 18 0
39 Z 5-14 G 08 50 12.3773921184 +00 39 24.583586400   15.7       ~ 21 0
40 Z 33-12 G 08 50 17.750 +03 29 51.29   15.4       ~ 37 0
41 Z 5-19 Sy2 08 51 43.824 -02 08 02.58   13.1   13.2 13.1 ~ 42 0
42 2MASX J08530956+0214469 Sy1 08 53 09.5580648072 +02 14 47.065033500   16.96 16.28     ~ 17 0
43 Z 5-23 AGN 08 53 40.7278281216 +01 33 48.644674452   15.20       ~ 45 0
44 IRAS F08515+0123 G 08 54 05.9034906144 +01 11 30.723389664           ~ 28 0
45 Z 5-31 EmG 08 55 43.1973249912 -02 17 19.676523192   14.8       ~ 22 0
46 NGC 2706 GiG 08 56 12.31200 -02 33 48.3300   13.8       ~ 64 1
47 Z 5-39 EmG 08 56 40.708 +00 22 30.42   14.00   13.8 13.9 ~ 69 1
48 NGC 2713 SyG 08 57 20.5099225680 +02 55 16.910766444   12.9       ~ 121 0
49 LEDA 1145379 G 08 57 45.270 -00 21 23.78           ~ 10 0
50 Z 5-42 Sy2 08 57 47.3182830408 -00 11 59.867388924   15.1       ~ 32 0
51 Z 5-43 Sy2 08 58 28.5922639728 +00 01 24.531135960   17.15 16.60     ~ 43 1
52 LEDA 4009917 AG? 08 59 07.124 +03 17 03.98           ~ 10 0
53 LEDA 1147505 G 08 59 09.611 -00 16 19.70           ~ 11 0
54 Z 33-37 AG? 08 59 49.0419293712 +05 03 39.107516400   14.8       ~ 26 0
55 Z 5-48 EmG 09 01 45.19479 +00 31 18.7887   15.6       ~ 32 0
56 Z 33-50 LIN 09 02 29.3838066672 +03 23 05.974188360   15.2       ~ 32 0
57 Z 33-52 Sy2 09 03 33.3491812200 +03 22 33.064787136   15.2       ~ 25 0
58 Z 5-52 G 09 03 36.9235751880 -01 07 48.514698804   15.7       ~ 10 0
59 SDSS J090531.07+033530.4 EmG 09 05 31.0881391968 +03 35 30.353600076           ~ 11 0
60 Z 5-56 Sy2 09 06 39.5494613904 -00 51 55.092455244   15.50       ~ 31 0
61 NGC 2765 GiG 09 07 36.6392523384 +03 23 34.469642868   13.30       ~ 95 0
62 Z 6-2 Sy2 09 08 11.7907009056 -01 48 07.548876756   15.6       ~ 17 1
63 Z 6-4 EmG 09 08 37.5254698488 -01 45 12.049183656   14.8   14.9 15.0 ~ 17 0
64 Z 6-5 AGN 09 08 41.8381681272 +00 29 04.855173036   15.30       ~ 39 0
65 Z 6-8 Sy2 09 09 17.003 -01 09 58.62   15.82   14.65   ~ 28 0
66 Z 6-9 EmG 09 09 25.1597892576 -01 44 31.910241696   15.1       ~ 15 0
67 Z 34-12 AG? 09 13 13.385 +03 13 49.04   14.7       ~ 39 0
68 IC 531 Sy2 09 17 50.7999577128 -00 16 42.131405100   14.44       ~ 68 1
69 LEDA 135718 LSB 09 19 55.17908 -00 35 28.7429   16.4       ~ 14 0
70 Z 6-29 LIN 09 19 55.1859609936 +00 56 42.554513184   15.4       ~ 45 0
71 Z 6-31 LIN 09 20 02.1686132904 +01 02 17.929978836   14.1 13.87     ~ 75 1
72 Z 34-36 AG? 09 22 06.208 +03 53 50.18   15.6       ~ 34 0
73 LEDA 3355297 AG? 09 22 34.1462559504 +03 05 01.183366752           ~ 15 0
74 NGC 2858 GiC 09 22 55.0071675288 +03 09 24.988363488   13.8       ~ 33 0
75 NGC 2861 LIN 09 23 36.4993871808 +02 08 11.307547716   13.74 13.06 12.57 12.44 ~ 57 0
76 Z 6-39 LIN 09 23 42.9488087832 +01 20 57.178648824   14.8       ~ 28 0
77 LEDA 135721 LSB 09 23 46.366 +02 45 10.74   16.4       ~ 31 0
78 Z 6-40 EmG 09 23 48.02298 +02 06 45.8448   15.45 14.86 14.43 14.08 ~ 32 0
79 LEDA 1136566 G 09 25 34.21521 -00 42 50.1651           ~ 7 0
80 NGC 2877 rG 09 25 46.9790442096 +02 13 44.825318724   14.7       ~ 31 0
81 NGC 2878 LIN 09 25 47.4533861112 +02 05 22.577686944   14.9       ~ 40 0
82 Z 34-45 GiC 09 26 17.256 +03 08 05.10   15.52       ~ 35 1
83 NGC 2898 LIN 09 29 46.3412993592 +02 03 51.694534908   14.8       ~ 31 0
84 Z 6-50 EmG 09 30 25.6 -01 51 24   15.7       ~ 19 0
85 LEDA 1212621 G 09 30 37.1008987080 +01 59 44.446738380           ~ 15 0
86 Z 35-1 LIN 09 31 41.6349838584 +04 30 00.106994772   14.6       ~ 25 0
87 Z 7-2 AGN 09 34 10.627 +00 14 31.27   14.6   14.5 14.2 ~ 66 1
88 Z 35-11 EmG 09 35 52.504 +04 01 01.08   15.30       ~ 43 0
89 LEDA 1257748 G 09 36 34.6103548656 +03 44 28.473197280           ~ 5 0
90 Z 7-9 AG? 09 36 35.3550736944 +01 06 59.567280588   14.9       ~ 29 0
91 NGC 2936 rG 09 37 44.1399551712 +02 45 39.173273352 13.92 13.90 13.06     ~ 60 1
92 NGC 2937 G 09 37 45.0287384424 +02 44 50.497040040 15.11 14.60 13.66     ~ 38 1
93 Z 35-19 Sy2 09 38 30.665 +02 34 23.77   15.4       ~ 45 0
94 NGC 2960 SyG 09 40 36.3826266216 +03 34 37.235848260   13.60       ~ 197 1
95 IC 549 AG? 09 40 43.253 +03 57 34.97   14.8       ~ 24 0

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