2022A&A...665A..71O

Query : 2022A&A...665A..71O

2022A&A...665A..71O - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 665A71-71 (2022/9-1)

The detection of cluster magnetic fields via radio source depolarisation.

OSINGA E., VAN WEEREN R.J., ANDRADE-SANTOS F., RUDNICK L., BONAFEDE A., CLARKE T., DUNCAN K., GIACINTUCCI S., MROCZKOWSKI T. and ROTTGERING H.J.A.

Abstract (from CDS):

It has been well established that galaxy clusters have magnetic fields. The exact properties and origin of these magnetic fields are still uncertain even though these fields play a key role in many astrophysical processes. Various attempts have been made to derive the magnetic field strength and structure of nearby galaxy clusters using Faraday rotation of extended cluster radio sources. This approach needs to make various assumptions that could be circumvented when using background radio sources. However, because the number of polarised radio sources behind clusters is low, at the moment such a study can only be done statistically. In this paper, we investigate the depolarisation of radio sources inside and behind clusters in a sample of 124 massive clusters at z < 0.35 observed with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. We detect a clear depolarisation trend with the cluster impact parameter, with sources at smaller projected distances to the cluster centre showing more depolarisation. By combining the radio observations with ancillary X-ray data from Chandra, we compare the observed depolarisation with expectations from cluster magnetic field models using individual cluster density profiles. The best-fitting models have a central magnetic field strength of 5-10 µG with power-law indices between n = 1 and n = 4. We find no strong difference in the depolarisation trend between sources embedded in clusters and background sources located at similar projected radii, although the central region of clusters is still poorly probed by background sources. We also examine the depolarisation trend as a function of cluster properties such as the dynamical state, mass, and redshift. We see a hint that dynamically disturbed clusters show more depolarisation than relaxed clusters in the r > 0.2R500 region. In the core region, we did not observe enough sources to detect a significant difference between cool-core and non-cool-core clusters. Our findings show that the statistical depolarisation of radio sources is a good probe of cluster magnetic field parameters. Cluster members can be used for this purpose as well as background sources because the local interaction between the radio galaxies and the intracluster medium does not strongly affect the observed depolarisation trend.

Abstract Copyright: © E. Osinga et al. 2022

Journal keyword(s): magnetic fields - polarization - galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal - methods: observational

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/665/A71): tablec1.dat tabled1.dat tablee1.dat>

Simbad objects: 135

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Number of rows : 135
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 ACO 21 ClG 00 20 38.75 +28 41 40.5           ~ 122 0
2 ACO 85 ClG 00 41 36.21 -09 19 30.4           ~ 974 0
3 ACO 2813 ClG 00 43 22.8 -20 37 21           ~ 111 0
4 ACO 115 ClG 00 55 59 +26 23.2           ~ 295 1
5 ACO 119 ClG 00 56 08.57 -01 12 00.8           ~ 577 2
6 ACO 133 ClG 01 02 41.5 -21 52 53           ~ 391 1
7 ACO 2895 ClG 01 18 07.985 -26 58 00.42           ~ 54 0
8 ACO 209 ClG 01 31 52.9 -13 36 53           ~ 326 0
9 CIZA J0142.9+4438 ClG 01 42 55.5 +44 37 25           ~ 27 0
10 ACO 3041 ClG 02 41 23.03 -28 38 48.9           ~ 32 0
11 ACT-CL J0246.4-2033 ClG 02 46 24.9 -20 33 27           ~ 23 0
12 2A 0251+413 ClG 02 54 26.6 +41 33 25           ~ 328 1
13 3C 75 PaG 02 57 41.64 +06 01 28.0           ~ 312 1
14 ACO 401 ClG 02 58 50.3 +13 34 07           ~ 592 0
15 ACO 3088 ClG 03 07 02.12 -28 39 57.3           ~ 78 0
16 PLCKESZ G171.9-40.7 ClG 03 12 55 +08 22.8           ~ 58 0
17 ZwCl 0335+0956 ClG 03 38 35.3 +09 57 54           ~ 402 1
18 ACO 478 ClG 04 13 24.8 +10 27 52           ~ 522 0
19 ACO 496 ClG 04 33 40.8 -13 14 34           ~ 728 2
20 ACO 521 ClG 04 54 08.6 -10 14 39           ~ 279 0
21 ACT-CL J0510.7-0801 ClG 05 10 43.85 -08 01 13.0           ~ 38 0
22 ICRF J052109.8+163822 Sy1 05 21 09.88596258 +16 38 22.0515459   19.37 18.84 18.480   ~ 910 1
23 ICRF J054236.1+495107 Sy1 05 42 36.13789710 +49 51 07.2337139   18.45 17.80 17.210   ~ 1573 1
24 MCXC J0616.3-2156 ClG 06 16 21.5 -21 56 30           ~ 27 0
25 PLCKESZ G139.59+24.19 ClG 06 22.0 +74 42           ~ 8 0
26 ZwCl 0634+4750 ClG 06 38 07.5 +47 47 27           ~ 48 0
27 ACO 576 ClG 07 21 24.1 +55 44 20           ~ 312 1
28 ACO 644 ClG 08 17 26.1 -07 31 13           ~ 241 0
29 ACO 665 ClG 08 30 45.2 +65 52 55           ~ 457 0
30 ACO 697 ClG 08 42 57.6 +36 21 45           ~ 277 0
31 ACO 750 ClG 09 09 06.7 +11 01 48           ~ 105 1
32 ACO 754 ClG 09 09 14.8 -09 40 35           ~ 695 1
33 ACO 773 ClG 09 17 51.3 +51 43 20           ~ 308 0
34 ACO 780 ClG 09 18 30 -12 15.7           ~ 469 0
35 ACO 781 ClG 09 20 25.4 +30 30 07           ~ 167 0
36 ACO 868 ClG 09 45 28.1 -08 38 51           ~ 67 0
37 ACO 963 ClG 10 17 03.4 +39 02 56           ~ 414 0
38 ACO 980 ClG 10 22 30.6 +50 06 06           ~ 70 0
39 ACO 990 ClG 10 23 39.46 +49 08 19.6           ~ 88 0
40 ACO 3444 ClG 10 23 53.1540 -27 15 07.840           ~ 97 0
41 ZwCl 1023+1257 ClG 10 25 55.9 +12 41 07           ~ 54 0
42 NAME Hydra I Cluster ClG 10 36 36.0 -27 31 04           ~ 905 1
43 ACO 1066 ClG 10 39 28.53 +05 11 01.2           ~ 96 1
44 ACO 1132 ClG 10 58 32.05 +56 47 14.2           ~ 145 1
45 ACO 1190 ClG 11 11 43.83 +40 51 43.5           ~ 145 0
46 ACO 1285 ClG 11 30 25.4 -14 33 33           ~ 66 0
47 ACO 1300 ClG 11 32 00.7 -19 53 34           ~ 168 0
48 ACO 1307 ClG 11 32 42.59 +14 26 16.3           ~ 100 0
49 ACO 1302 ClG 11 33 12.02 +66 22 26.9           ~ 81 0
50 ACO 1351 ClG 11 42 24.7795 +58 32 05.558           ~ 90 0
51 ACO 1367 ClG 11 44 44.6 +19 41 59           ~ 1127 1
52 ACO 1391 ClG 11 49 47.2581 -12 17 47.653           ~ 41 0
53 ACO 1413 ClG 11 55 12.87 +23 23 46.9           ~ 456 0
54 ACO 1423 ClG 11 57 17.3206 +33 36 39.364           ~ 181 0
55 ACO 1430 ClG 11 59 17.5 +49 47 46           ~ 59 0
56 ACO 1437 ClG 12 00 24.5 +03 19 52           ~ 93 0
57 ACO 1443 ClG 12 01 12.1 +23 05 57           ~ 53 0
58 ACO 1448 ClG 12 02 55.1416 -06 51 29.849           ~ 32 0
59 ACO 1451 ClG 12 03 17.3 -21 32 05           ~ 50 0
60 ZwCl 1215+0400 ClG 12 17 43.62 +03 38 51.5           ~ 169 0
61 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
62 ACO 1553 ClG 12 30 48.000 +10 33 21.60           ~ 95 0
63 ACO 1576 ClG 12 36 59.5 +63 11 18           ~ 116 0
64 BAX 193.6700-29.2254 ClG 12 54 40.6 -29 13 44           ~ 76 0
65 ACO 1644 ClG 12 57 11.6 -17 24 34           ~ 391 1
66 ACO 1650 ClG 12 58 42.0 -01 45 45           ~ 325 0
67 ACO 1651 ClG 12 59 27.3 -04 10 49           ~ 307 0
68 PLCKESZ G121.11+57.01 ClG 12 59 36.40 +60 04 46.8           ~ 9 0
69 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 5141 2
70 ACO 1682 ClG 13 06 49.7 +46 32 59           ~ 149 1
71 ACO 1689 ClG 13 11 29.5 -01 20 28           ~ 1178 0
72 ACO 1703 ClG 13 15 05.2 +51 49 02           ~ 157 0
73 ACO 1736 ClG 13 26 52.1 -27 06 33           ~ 268 2
74 3C 286 Sy1 13 31 08.2883506368 +30 30 32.960091564   17.51 17.25     ~ 4558 2
75 ACO 1758 ClG 13 32 32.1 +50 30 37           ~ 266 2
76 ACO 1763 ClG 13 35 20.1 +41 00 04           ~ 335 0
77 ACO 1767 ClG 13 36 06.92 +59 10 34.3           ~ 182 0
78 ACO 1795 ClG 13 48 47.4 +26 34 55           ~ 1330 0
79 ACO 1800 ClG 13 49 27.19 +28 04 44.6           ~ 127 0
80 ACO 1835 ClG 14 01 02.07 +02 52 43.2           ~ 727 1
81 ACO 1895 ClG 14 14 07.9735 +71 16 56.256           ~ 47 0
82 ACO 1914 ClG 14 25 57.4 +37 49 54           ~ 338 0
83 ACO 1995 ClG 14 52 55.0 +58 02 59           ~ 140 0
84 ACO S 780 ClG 14 59 29.1 -18 10 45           ~ 93 0
85 ClG J1504-0248 ClG 15 04 07.4 -02 48 15           ~ 186 0
86 ACO 2034 ClG 15 10 03.9 +33 30 57           ~ 248 1
87 ACO 2029 ClG 15 10 54.2 +05 44 23           ~ 1020 0
88 2MASX J15150305-1521537 ClG 15 14.9 -15 23           ~ 57 0
89 ACO 2061 ClG 15 21 19.90 +30 37 13.0           ~ 214 1
90 ACO 2065 ClG 15 22 22.7 +27 44 20           ~ 398 0
91 ACO 2069 ClG 15 24 02.92 +29 53 20.3           ~ 165 0
92 ACO 2142 ClG 15 58 26.5 +27 13 52           ~ 825 0
93 ACO 2147 ClG 16 02 11.96 +15 55 11.5           ~ 416 0
94 ACO 2175 ClG 16 20 30.70 +29 53 31.2           ~ 133 0
95 ACO 2199 ClG 16 28 34.5 +39 32 26           ~ 1206 1
96 ACO 2204 ClG 16 32 47.7 +05 34 18           ~ 457 0
97 ACO 2218 ClG 16 35 54.0 +66 13 00           ~ 827 1
98 ACO 2219 ClG 16 40 22.1 +46 42 20           ~ 381 0
99 ACO 2244 ClG 17 02 40.33 +34 02 58.7           ~ 301 0
100 ACO 2249 ClG 17 09 36.76 +34 28 04.1           ~ 136 0
101 ClG J1720+2638 ClG 17 20 09.6 +26 37 35           ~ 284 0
102 4C -00.67 Sy2 17 20 28.1680537512 -00 58 46.582453920   15.36       ~ 345 1
103 ACO 2261 ClG 17 22 26.9 +32 07 58           ~ 370 0
104 ACO 2294 ClG 17 24 10.1 +85 53 09           ~ 69 0
105 ZwCl 1742+3306 ClG 17 44 16.2753 +32 59 55.115           ~ 93 0
106 ZwCl 1745+4513 ClG 17 47 12.0 +45 12 37           ~ 46 0
107 ZwCl 1754+6807 ClG 17 54 39.5 +68 03 23           ~ 33 0
108 CIZA J1804.4+1002 ClG 18 04 31.0476 +10 03 19.069           ~ 28 0
109 ACO 2302 ClG 18 19 57.6 +57 09 58           ~ 37 0
110 ClG 1821+64 ClG 18 21 56.7276 +64 20 55.841           ~ 511 1
111 CIZA J1825.3+3026 ClG 18 25 22.8 +30 26 32           ~ 58 0
112 EXSS 1832.5+6447 ClG 18 32 32.7 +64 49 59           ~ 22 0
113 ACO 2312 ClG 18 53 54.7 +68 22 53           ~ 67 0
114 CIZA J1857.6+3800 ClG 18 57 39.5 +38 00 30           ~ 24 0
115 ACO 2319 ClG 19 21 14.0 +43 56 57           ~ 495 1
116 CIZA J1938.3+5409 ClG 19 38 18.6 +54 09 33           ~ 42 0
117 MCG+07-41-003 Bla 19 59 28.35656837 +40 44 02.0972325   16.22 15.10     ~ 2537 2
118 ACO 2328 ClG 20 48 09.8 -17 50 14           ~ 78 0
119 ZwCl 2120+2256 ClG 21 22 19.7 +23 10 30           ~ 24 0
120 ACO 2345 ClG 21 27 05.391 -12 09 07.41           ~ 151 0
121 NVSS J212709-120958 Rad 21 27 09.27 -12 10 01.5           ~ 132 1
122 ClG J2135-0102 ClG 21 35 12.00 -01 03 00.1           ~ 70 0
123 ACO 2355 ClG 21 35 18.70 +01 25 27.0           ~ 75 0
124 ACO 2382 ClG 21 51 57.2984 -15 36 48.067           ~ 122 0
125 ACO 2390 ClG 21 53 37.4 +17 41 46           ~ 732 2
126 ACO 2409 ClG 22 00 52.7 +20 58 27           ~ 101 0
127 ACO 2420 ClG 22 10 22.5 -12 11 13           ~ 126 0
128 ACO 2426 ClG 22 14 27.3 -10 22 05           ~ 91 0
129 ACO 2440 ClG 22 23 52.6 -01 35 47           ~ 137 1
130 ACO 2443 ClG 22 26 14.09 +17 25 13.5           ~ 126 0
131 PLCKESZ G115.71+17.52 ClG 22 26 27.3 +78 18 45           ~ 20 0
132 ACO 2552 ClG 23 11 31.7 +03 37 44           ~ 87 0
133 ACO 2631 ClG 23 37 40.7 +00 16 35           ~ 183 0
134 NGC 7720 Sy1 23 38 29.38324020 +27 01 53.2580084   13.9 13.3     ~ 565 4
135 ACO 2667 ClG 23 51 39.37 -26 05 02.7           ~ 190 0

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