2022A&A...665A..75G

Query : 2022A&A...665A..75G

2022A&A...665A..75G - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 665A75-75 (2022/9-1)

First light for GRAVITY Wide. Large separation fringe tracking for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer.

GRAVITY+ COLLABORATION, ABUTER R., ALLOUCHE F., AMORIM A., BAILET C., BAUBOCK M., BERGER J.-P., BERIO P., BIGIOLI A., BOEBION O., BOLZER M.L., BONNET H., BOURDAROT G., BOURGET P., BRANDNER W., CLENET Y., COURTNEY-BARRER B., DALLILAR Y., DAVIES R., DEFRERE D., DELBOULBE A., DELPLANCKE F., DEMBET R., DE ZEEUW P.T., DRESCHER A., ECKART A., EDOUARD C., EISENHAUER F., FABRICIUS M., FEUCHTGRUBER H., FINGER G., FORSTER SCHREIBER N.M., GARCIA E., GARCIA P., GAO F., GENDRON E., GENZEL R., GIL J.P., GILLESSEN S., GOMES T., GONTE F., GOUVRET C., GUAJARDO P., GUIEU S., HARTL M., HAUBOIS X., HAUSSMANN F., HEISSEL G., HENNING T., HIPPLER S., HONIG S., HORROBIN M., HUBIN N., JACQMART E., JOCHUM L., JOCOU L., KAUFER A., KERVELLA P., KORHONEN H., KREIDBERG L., LACOUR S., LAGARDE S., LAI O., LAPEYRERE V., LAUGIER R., LE BOUQUIN J.-B., LEFTLEY J., LENA P., LUTZ D., MANG F., MARCOTTO A., MAUREL D., MERAND A., MILLOUR F., MORE N., NOWACKI H., NOWAK M., OBERTI S., OTT T., PALLANCA L., PASQUINI L., PAUMARD T., PERRAUT K., PERRIN G., PETROV R., PFUHL O., POURRE N., RABIEN S., RAU C., ROBBE-DUBOIS S., ROCHAT S., SALMAN M., SCHOLLER M., SCHUBERT J., SCHUHLER N., SHANGGUAN J., SHIMIZU T., SCHEITHAUER S., SEVIN A., SOULEZ F., SPANG A., STADLER E., STADLER J., STRAUBMEIER C., STURM E., TACCONI L.J., TRISTRAM K.R.W., VINCENT F., VON FELLENBERG S., UYSAL S., WIDMANN F., WIEPRECHT E., WIEZORREK E., WOILLEZ J., YAZICI S., YOUNG A. and ZINS G.

Abstract (from CDS):

GRAVITY+ is the upgrade for GRAVITY and the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) with wide-separation fringe tracking, new adaptive optics, and laser guide stars on all four 8 m Unit Telescopes (UTs) to enable ever-fainter, all-sky, high-contrast, milliarcsecond interferometry. Here we present the design and first results of the first phase of GRAVITY+, known as GRAVITY Wide. GRAVITY Wide combines the dual-beam capabilities of the VLTI and the GRAVITY instrument to increase the maximum separation between the science target and the reference star from 2 arcseconds with the 8 m UTs up to several 10 arcseconds, limited only by the Earth's turbulent atmosphere. This increases the sky-coverage of GRAVITY by two orders of magnitude, opening up milliarcsecond resolution observations of faint objects and, in particular, the extragalactic sky. The first observations in 2019-2022 include the first infrared interferometry of two redshift z ∼ 2 quasars, interferometric imaging of the binary system HD 105913A, and repeat observations of multiple star systems in the Orion Trapezium Cluster. We find the coherence loss between the science object and fringe-tracking reference star well described by the turbulence of the Earth's atmosphere. We confirm that the larger apertures of the UTs result in higher visibilities for a given separation due to the broader overlap of the projected pupils on the sky and provide predictions for visibility loss as a function of separation to be used for future planning.

Abstract Copyright: © GRAVITY+ Collaboration 2022

Journal keyword(s): instrumentation: interferometers - instrumentation: high angular resolution - quasars: supermassive black holes - stars: individual: Orion Trapezium Cluster

Simbad objects: 64

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Number of rows : 64
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 G 272-61A PM* 01 39 01.3772561114 -17 57 02.587471791           M5.5V 143 0
2 G 272-61B PM* 01 39 01.6377185550 -17 57 01.001240728           M6V 892 0
3 HD 10257 * 01 39 39.8465057568 -37 28 21.814551192   10.24 8.72     M2/3 12 0
4 HD 10268 * 01 39 41.4950320608 -37 28 24.292115724   8.47 7.28     K2III 19 0
5 * p Eri B PM* 01 39 47.5647128524 -56 11 47.213189871   6.692 5.797     K2V 145 0
6 * p Eri A PM* 01 39 47.8126958280 -56 11 35.944312380   6.549 5.685 6.36   K2V 165 0
7 HD 16270B BD* 02 35 59.9394221640 -23 31 20.410151736           L1.5 49 0
8 HD 16270 PM* 02 36 00.7758029064 -23 31 16.765791636 10.375 9.406 8.328 7.717 7.208 K3.5Vk: 82 0
9 * f Eri B PM* 03 48 35.4776869320 -37 37 19.212410172   5.26 5.25     A1Va 40 0
10 * f Eri A PM* 03 48 35.8740192312 -37 37 12.515849544   4.70 4.72     B9.5Van 45 0
11 TYC 8071-854-1 * 04 08 18.7290500616 -48 12 55.121569740   11.920 11.306     G0V 11 0
12 HD 26404 * 04 08 21.2555986656 -48 12 39.137889204   10.34 9.19     K0III 17 0
13 HD 28255B PM* 04 24 11.5858493952 -57 04 19.006243464   7.867 7.15     G7V 28 0
14 HD 28255A PM* 04 24 12.2072814456 -57 04 16.817432088   7.434 6.799 7.47   G4V 23 0
15 QSO B0435-300 BLL 04 37 36.5686975680 -29 54 04.117331088     17.5     ~ 48 1
16 HD 29514 PM* 04 37 38.3986209480 -29 54 14.583107772   8.58 8.10     F5V 24 0
17 HD 34708 * 05 16 54.2801061960 -48 11 29.345939520   9.02 7.56     K3III 13 0
18 HD 34750 * 05 19 20.8785972528 -10 44 49.990698672   7.84 7.48 8.28   F2/5 9 0
19 HD 34749 * 05 19 21.5987417016 -10 44 50.845165584   8.41 7.45 8.12   K0(III) 12 0
20 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
21 * tet01 Ori E Or* 05 35 15.7721814864 -05 23 09.889316700           G2IV 104 0
22 * tet01 Ori H Y*O 05 35 15.793 -05 23 22.51           ~ 15 0
23 TCC 43 Y*? 05 35 15.80180 -05 23 11.8906           ~ 20 0
24 * tet01 Ori A Ae* 05 35 15.8254015008 -05 23 14.334699480 5.87 6.75 6.73 6.42 6.21 B0V 508 0
25 TCC 59 Y*O 05 35 16.10855 -05 23 14.2457           ~ 29 0
26 * tet01 Ori B EB* 05 35 16.1339860056 -05 23 06.784444248 7.71 8.20 7.96     B1V 380 1
27 * tet01 Ori C SB* 05 35 16.4662967280 -05 23 22.921811880 4.20 5.15 5.13 4.91 4.73 O7Vp 1479 1
28 NAME Ori Trapezium OpC 05 35 16.5 -05 23 14           ~ 1708 1
29 * tet01 Ori G Y*O 05 35 16.723 -05 23 16.56 14.712 13.704 13.678   13.081 K0.7 105 1
30 * tet01 Ori F Y*? 05 35 16.7270624568 -05 23 25.197757584 9.928 10.075 10.122   9.652 B8 46 0
31 M 42 HII 05 35 16.8 -05 23 15           ~ 4411 0
32 * tet01 Ori D Y*O 05 35 17.2574479992 -05 23 16.570738104 6.08 6.79 6.70 6.40 6.20 B1.5Vp 340 0
33 BAT99 113 WR* 05 38 43.0917715292 -69 05 46.903118899   13.56 13.47   13.44 O2If*/WN5 53 0
34 RMC 141 s*b 05 38 45.5859 -69 05 47.772   12.71 12.49   12.36 BN0.5Ia 32 0
35 W61 7-8 s*r 05 38 48.4687923888 -69 05 32.689672692   15.928 13.617   11.044 M3.5Ia 27 0
36 * bet Pic b Pl 05 47 17.0876901 -51 03 59.441135           ~ 627 1
37 * bet Pic c Pl 05 47 17.0876901 -51 03 59.441135           ~ 108 0
38 HD 42111 * 06 08 57.9037271424 +02 29 58.885200456 5.86 5.80 5.73     B9V 132 0
39 HD 42092 * 06 08 59.6821675824 +02 29 47.032521396   6.90 6.85     A2IV 36 0
40 HD 48543B * 06 42 15.7130334000 -38 23 54.712947408   8.08 7.68     ~ 3 0
41 HD 48543A * 06 42 16.3801849682 -38 23 55.648338816   6.87 6.55     ~ 8 0
42 * gam01 Vol PM* 07 08 42.3702708288 -70 29 49.526709864   6.046 5.623     F0/3 45 0
43 * gam02 Vol PM* 07 08 44.8656955896 -70 29 56.149447560   4.774 3.746     K0III 80 0
44 HD 59867 * 07 30 06.6104069232 -39 39 32.871958596   9.89 8.30     K 7 0
45 2MASS J07300800-3939086 LP? 07 30 08.0077455192 -39 39 08.638469604   16.074 13.988 13.409 10.21 ~ 5 0
46 HD 76635B PM* 08 56 49.6785903816 -17 26 04.132786380   7.77 7.36     ~ 4 0
47 HD 76635A * 08 56 49.6885789140 -17 26 00.204286188   7.58 7.18     ~ 4 0
48 SDSS J092034.17+065718.0 QSO 09 20 34.1707121352 +06 57 18.018823500           ~ 7 0
49 2MASS J09325130-5548206 IR 09 32 51.30888 -55 48 20.6640           ~ 1 0
50 IRAS 09312-5534 LP? 09 32 51.8134121040 -55 48 22.834117512   13.32 11.73     M7 4 0
51 HD 83368B * 09 36 25.3660442496 -48 45 07.504506720   10.57 10.31     F9V 2 0
52 HD 83368 a2* 09 36 25.4255061727 -48 45 04.240404102   6.49 6.23     A8VSrCrEu 277 0
53 TYC 274-754-1 Er* 11 34 21.5261840928 +04 11 44.581745076   12.32 11.28     K2 15 0
54 LEDA 1264801 Sy1 11 34 22.4815148784 +04 11 27.674087748   16.85 16.65 14.72   ~ 40 0
55 HD 105913B PM* 12 11 22.6060509744 -16 47 24.671874480   9.60 8.68     G7V 9 0
56 HD 105913 ** 12 11 22.90723 -16 47 27.0321           G6V+G7V 49 0
57 HD 105913A SB* 12 11 22.9165234752 -16 47 26.895132924   7.82 7.09 7.60   G6V 13 0
58 2MASS J16151381+0849146 QSO 16 15 13.8396461376 +08 49 14.437921764   18.47 18.26     ~ 16 0
59 2MASS J16151430+0849167 IR 16 15 14.30424 +08 49 16.7448           ~ 1 0
60 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
61 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4970 3
62 [EG97] S2 * 17 45 40.0442 -29 00 27.975           B0/2V 420 1
63 HD 218268 PM* 23 07 13.8788462928 -50 41 14.428651560   7.51 6.99     F5V 13 0
64 HD 218269 * 23 07 14.7743611128 -50 41 12.065595576   6.68 6.24     F5.5IV-V 45 0

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