2022AJ....164..148T

Query : 2022AJ....164..148T

2022AJ....164..148T - Astron. J., 164, 148 (2022/October-0)

The AGEL Survey: Spectroscopic Confirmation of Strong Gravitational Lenses in the DES and DECaLS Fields Selected Using Convolutional Neural Networks.

TRAN K.-V.H., HARSHAN A., GLAZEBROOK K., KEERTHI VASAN G.C., JONES T., JACOBS C., KACPRZAK G.G., BARONE T.M., COLLETT T.E., GUPTA A., HENDERSON A., KEWLEY L.J., LOPEZ S., NANAYAKKARA T., SANDERS R.L. and SWEET S.M.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present spectroscopic confirmation of candidate strong gravitational lenses using the Keck Observatory and Very Large Telescope as part of our ASTRO 3D Galaxy Evolution with Lenses (AGEL) survey. We confirm that (1) search methods using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with visual inspection successfully identify strong gravitational lenses and (2) the lenses are at higher redshifts relative to existing surveys due to the combination of deeper and higher-resolution imaging from DECam and spectroscopy spanning optical to near-infrared wavelengths. We measure 104 redshifts in 77 systems selected from a catalog in the DES and DECaLS imaging fields (r ≤ 22 mag). Combining our results with published redshifts, we present redshifts for 68 lenses and establish that CNN-based searches are highly effective for use in future imaging surveys with a success rate of at least 88% (defined as 68/77). We report 53 strong lenses with spectroscopic redshifts for both the deflector and source (zsrc > zdefl), and 15 lenses with a spectroscopic redshift for either the deflector (zdefl > 0.21) or source (zsrc ≥ 1.34). For the 68 lenses, the deflectors and sources have average redshifts and standard deviations of 0.58 ± 0.14 and 1.92 ± 0.59 respectively, and corresponding redshift ranges of zdefl = 0.21-0.89 and zsrc = 0.88-3.55. The AGEL systems include 41 deflectors at zdefl ≥ 0.5 that are ideal for follow-up studies to track how mass density profiles evolve with redshift. Our goal with AGEL is to spectroscopically confirm ∼100 strong gravitational lenses that can be observed from both hemispheres throughout the year. The AGEL survey is a resource for refining automated all-sky searches and addressing a range of questions in astrophysics and cosmology.

Abstract Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Strong gravitational lensing - Galaxy evolution - Spectroscopy - Redshift surveys - Galaxy formation - Optical astronomy

Nomenclature: Fig. 2, Table 2: AGEL JHHMMSS+DDMMSS system N=79, AGEL JHHMMSS+DDMMSS lens N=68, AGEL JHHMMSS+DDMMSS source N=68.

Simbad objects: 180

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Number of rows : 180
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 AGEL J001310+004004 system gLS 00 13 09.6 +00 40 03           ~ 1 0
2 AGEL J001310+004004 source LeG 00 13 09.6 +00 40 03           ~ 1 0
3 AGEL J001310+004004 lens G 00 13 09.64 +00 40 03.6           ~ 2 0
4 AGEL J001424+004145 lens G 00 14 24.28 +00 41 45.5           ~ 4 0
5 AGEL J001424+004145 system gLS 00 14 24.3 +00 41 45           ~ 2 0
6 AGEL J001424+004145 source LeG 00 14 24.3 +00 41 45           ~ 2 0
7 AGEL J002527+101107 system gLS 00 25 27.4 +10 11 07           ~ 1 0
8 AGEL J002527+101107 source LeG 00 25 27.4 +10 11 07           ~ 1 0
9 AGEL J002700-041324 source LeG 00 27 00.1 -04 13 23           ~ 1 0
10 AGEL J002700-041324 system gLS 00 27 00.1 -04 13 23           ~ 1 0
11 AGEL J003727-413150 lens G 00 37 27.084 -41 31 49.79           ~ 4 0
12 AGEL J003727-413150 system gLS 00 37 27.1 -41 31 49           ~ 1 0
13 AGEL J004827+031117 system gLS 00 48 27.2 +03 11 17           ~ 1 0
14 AGEL J004827+031117 source LeG 00 48 27.2 +03 11 17           ~ 3 0
15 NAME IAC J010127.83-334319.6 source LeG 01 01 27.8 -33 43 19           ~ 2 0
16 AGEL J010128-334319 system gLS 01 01 27.830 -33 43 19.68           ~ 6 0
17 NAME IAC J010127.83-334319.6 lens G 01 01 27.85 -33 43 19.2           ~ 3 0
18 AGEL J010238+015857 source LeG 01 02 38.3 +01 58 56           ~ 2 0
19 AGEL J010238+015857 system gLS 01 02 38.3 +01 58 56           ~ 2 0
20 AGEL J011759-052718 lens G 01 17 58.669 -05 27 17.79           ~ 1 0
21 AGEL J011759-052718 system gLS 01 17 58.7 -05 27 17           ~ 1 0
22 AGEL J011759-052718 source LeG 01 17 58.7 -05 27 17           ~ 1 0
23 AGEL J012453-144303 lens G 01 24 53.06 -14 43 02.6           ~ 2 0
24 AGEL J012453-144303 system gLS 01 24 53.1 -14 43 02           ~ 1 0
25 AGEL J013442+043350 system gLS 01 34 42.4 +04 33 50           ~ 1 0
26 AGEL J013442+043350 source LeG 01 34 42.4 +04 33 50           ~ 1 0
27 SDSS J013639.23+000818.2 rG 01 36 39.1233782400 +00 08 17.982029868           ~ 7 0
28 AGEL J013639+000818 source LeG 01 36 39.2 +00 08 18           ~ 1 0
29 AGEL J013639+000818 system gLS 01 36 39.2 +00 08 18           ~ 1 0
30 AGEL J013719-083056 system gLS 01 37 18.8 -08 30 55           ~ 1 0
31 AGEL J013719-083056 source LeG 01 37 18.8 -08 30 55           ~ 1 0
32 AGEL J013719-083056 lens G 01 37 18.84 -08 30 55.9           ~ 2 0
33 AGEL J014106-171324 source LeG 01 41 06.1 -17 13 23           ~ 1 0
34 AGEL J014106-171324 system gLS 01 41 06.1 -17 13 23           ~ 2 0
35 AGEL J014106-171324 lens G 01 41 06.14 -17 13 23.7           ~ 3 0
36 AGEL J014235-164818 lens G 01 42 34.97 -16 48 17.5           ~ 3 0
37 AGEL J014235-164818 system gLS 01 42 35.0 -16 48 17           ~ 1 0
38 AGEL J014235-164818 source LeG 01 42 35.0 -16 48 17           ~ 1 0
39 AGEL J014253-183116 lens G 01 42 52.87 -18 31 15.8           ~ 3 0
40 AGEL J014253-183116 system gLS 01 42 52.9 -18 31 15           ~ 2 0
41 AGEL J014253-183116 source LeG 01 42 52.9 -18 31 15           ~ 2 0
42 AGEL J014327-085021 source LeG 01 43 26.9 -08 50 21           ~ 1 0
43 AGEL J014327-085021 system gLS 01 43 26.9 -08 50 21           ~ 1 0
44 AGEL J014327-085021 lens G 01 43 26.93 -08 50 21.3           ~ 3 0
45 AGEL J014504-045551 system gLS 01 45 04.29 -04 55 51.6           ~ 9 0
46 AGEL J014504-045551 lens gLe 01 45 04.30 -04 55 51.0           ~ 5 0
47 AGEL J014504-045551 source LeG 01 45 04.3 -04 55 51           ~ 3 0
48 AGEL J014556+040229 source LeG 01 45 56.3 +04 02 29           ~ 1 0
49 AGEL J014556+040229 system gLS 01 45 56.3 +04 02 29           ~ 1 0
50 AGEL J014556+040229 lens G 01 45 56.35 +04 02 29.0           ~ 3 0
51 AGEL J015009-030438 system gLS 01 50 09.1 -03 04 38           ~ 1 0
52 AGEL J015009-030438 lens G 01 50 09.11 -03 04 38.3           ~ 2 0
53 SDSS J020613.46-011417.1 G 02 06 13.466 -01 14 17.17           ~ 4 0
54 AGEL J020613-011417 system gLS 02 06 13.5 -01 14 17           ~ 1 0
55 AGEL J020613-011417 source LeG 02 06 13.5 -01 14 17           ~ 1 0
56 AGEL J021225-085211 source LeG 02 12 25.2 -08 52 10           ~ 1 0
57 AGEL J021225-085211 system gLS 02 12 25.2 -08 52 10           ~ 1 0
58 AGEL J022709-471856 lens G 02 27 08.96 -47 18 55.8           ~ 2 0
59 AGEL J022709-471856 system gLS 02 27 09.0 -47 18 55           ~ 1 0
60 AGEL J023211+001339 source LeG 02 32 11.2 +00 13 39           ~ 1 0
61 AGEL J023211+001339 system gLS 02 32 11.2 +00 13 39           ~ 1 0
62 AGEL J023211+001339 lens G 02 32 11.24 +00 13 39.2           ~ 2 0
63 AGEL J024303-000600 system gLS 02 43 03.0 -00 06 00           ~ 1 0
64 AGEL J024303-000600 source LeG 02 43 03.0 -00 06 00           ~ 1 0
65 AGEL J025220-473238 lens G 02 52 19.886 -47 32 37.78           ~ 3 0
66 AGEL J025220-473238 system gLS 02 52 19.9 -47 32 37           ~ 1 0
67 AGEL J033717-315214 system gLS 03 37 17.2 -31 52 13           ~ 1 0
68 AGEL J033717-315214 source LeG 03 37 17.2 -31 52 13           ~ 1 0
69 AGEL J033717-315214 lens G 03 37 17.24 -31 52 13.5           ~ 2 0
70 AGEL J035418-160952 lens G 03 54 18.27 -16 09 52.2           ~ 2 0
71 AGEL J035418-160952 system gLS 03 54 18.3 -16 09 52           ~ 1 0
72 AGEL J035418-160952 source LeG 03 54 18.3 -16 09 52           ~ 1 0
73 AGEL J040823-532714 lens G 04 08 22.655 -53 27 14.17           ~ 2 0
74 AGEL J040823-532714 system gLS 04 08 22.7 -53 27 14           ~ 1 0
75 AGEL J042439-331742 lens G 04 24 38.69 -33 17 41.7           ~ 2 0
76 AGEL J042439-331742 source LeG 04 24 38.7 -33 17 41           ~ 1 0
77 AGEL J042439-331742 system gLS 04 24 38.7 -33 17 41           ~ 1 0
78 AGEL J061815+501821 system gLS 06 18 15.3 +50 18 21           ~ 1 0
79 AGEL J061815+501821 lens G 06 18 15.30 +50 18 21.2           ~ 2 0
80 AGEL J075524+344540 source LeG 07 55 23.508 +34 45 39.44           ~ 5 0
81 AGEL J075524+344540 system gLS 07 55 23.508 +34 45 39.44           ~ 13 0
82 AGEL J080820+103142 source LeG 08 08 20.4 +10 31 42           ~ 1 0
83 AGEL J080820+103142 system gLS 08 08 20.4 +10 31 42           ~ 1 0
84 AGEL J085331+232155 system gLS 08 53 31.2 +23 21 54           ~ 1 0
85 AGEL J085331+232155 source LeG 08 53 31.2 +23 21 54           ~ 1 0
86 AGEL J091935+303156 system gLS 09 19 35.0 +30 31 56           ~ 1 0
87 AGEL J091935+303156 source LeG 09 19 35.0 +30 31 56           ~ 2 0
88 AGEL J092315+182943 source LeG 09 23 14.6 +18 29 43           ~ 1 0
89 AGEL J092315+182943 system gLS 09 23 14.6 +18 29 43           ~ 1 0
90 AGEL J093333+091919 source LeG 09 33 33.3 +09 19 19           ~ 1 0
91 AGEL J093333+091919 system gLS 09 33 33.3 +09 19 19           ~ 1 0
92 AGEL J094412+322039 system gLS 09 44 11.8 +32 20 38           ~ 1 0
93 AGEL J094412+322039 source LeG 09 44 11.8 +32 20 38           ~ 1 0
94 AGEL J101847-012132 source LeG 10 18 47.3 -01 21 32           ~ 1 0
95 AGEL J101847-012132 system gLS 10 18 47.3 -01 21 32           ~ 1 0
96 AGEL J103027-064109 lens G 10 30 27.20 -06 41 08.9           ~ 1 0
97 AGEL J103027-064109 source LeG 10 30 27.2 -06 41 08           ~ 1 0
98 AGEL J103027-064109 system gLS 10 30 27.2 -06 41 08           ~ 1 0
99 AGEL J104041+185052 system gLS 10 40 41.2 +18 50 51           ~ 1 0
100 AGEL J104041+185052 source LeG 10 40 41.2 +18 50 51           ~ 1 0
101 CSWA 1 gLS 11 48 33.10 +19 30 03.2           ~ 90 0
102 AGEL J122719+172557 system gLS 12 27 19.0 +17 25 56           ~ 1 0
103 SDSS J123808.89+150151.1 BiC 12 38 08.890 +15 01 51.12           ~ 4 0
104 AGEL J123809+150151 system gLS 12 38 08.9 +15 01 51           ~ 1 0
105 AGEL J123809+150151 source LeG 12 38 08.9 +15 01 51           ~ 1 0
106 AGEL J132304+034319 source LeG 13 23 04.1 +03 43 19           ~ 3 0
107 AGEL J132304+034319 system gLS 13 23 04.12 +03 43 19.4           ~ 3 0
108 AGEL J133041+044015 source LeG 13 30 40.6 +04 40 14           ~ 1 0
109 AGEL J133041+044015 system gLS 13 30 40.6 +04 40 14           ~ 1 0
110 AGEL J133145+513431 source LeG 13 31 45.3 +51 34 31           ~ 1 0
111 AGEL J133145+513431 system gLS 13 31 45.3 +51 34 31           ~ 1 0
112 AGEL J140839+253104 source LeG 14 08 38.7 +25 31 04           ~ 1 0
113 AGEL J140839+253104 system gLS 14 08 38.7 +25 31 04           ~ 1 0
114 AGEL J142719-064515 system gLS 14 27 18.7 -06 45 14           ~ 1 0
115 AGEL J142719-064515 source LeG 14 27 18.7 -06 45 14           ~ 1 0
116 AGEL J142719-064515 lens G 14 27 18.70 -06 45 14.9           ~ 2 0
117 AGEL J144133-005401 source LeG 14 41 33.0 -00 54 01           ~ 3 0
118 AGEL J144133-005401 system gLS 14 41 33.0 -00 54 01           ~ 1 0
119 AGEL J144133-005401 lens GiC 14 41 33.0022 -00 54 01.471           ~ 2 0
120 AGEL J150745+052256 system gLS 15 07 45.1 +05 22 56           ~ 2 0
121 AGEL J150745+052256 source LeG 15 07 45.1 +05 22 56           ~ 2 0
122 AGEL J152509+422753 source LeG 15 25 09.0 +42 27 52           ~ 1 0
123 AGEL J152509+422753 system gLS 15 25 09.0 +42 27 52           ~ 2 0
124 AGEL J153929+165016 system gLS 15 39 29.0 +16 50 16           ~ 1 0
125 AGEL J155417+044339 source LeG 15 54 16.6 +04 43 39           ~ 2 0
126 AGEL J155417+044339 system gLS 15 54 16.6 +04 43 39           ~ 1 0
127 FIRST J162300.2+213720 rG 16 23 00.29160 +21 37 20.5896           ~ 2 0
128 AGEL J162300+213721 source LeG 16 23 00.3 +21 37 21           ~ 1 0
129 AGEL J162300+213721 system gLS 16 23 00.3 +21 37 21           ~ 1 0
130 AGEL J165742+344858 source LeG 16 57 41.6 +34 48 58           ~ 1 0
131 AGEL J165742+344858 system gLS 16 57 41.6 +34 48 58           ~ 1 0
132 AGEL J171922+244117 system gLS 17 19 21.5 +24 41 16           ~ 1 0
133 AGEL J171922+244117 source LeG 17 19 21.5 +24 41 16           ~ 1 0
134 AGEL J172703+110008 system gLS 17 27 03.3 +11 00 07           ~ 1 0
135 AGEL J172703+110008 source LeG 17 27 03.3 +11 00 07           ~ 1 0
136 AGEL J183520+460627 source LeG 18 35 20.1 +46 06 27           ~ 1 0
137 AGEL J183520+460627 system gLS 18 35 20.1 +46 06 27           ~ 2 0
138 AGEL J193558+580909 source LeG 19 35 58.2 +58 09 09           ~ 1 0
139 AGEL J193558+580909 lens G 19 35 58.20 +58 09 09.0           ~ 1 0
140 AGEL J193558+580909 system gLS 19 35 58.2 +58 09 09           ~ 1 0
141 AGEL J203459+001636 system gLS 20 34 58.6 +00 16 35           ~ 1 0
142 AGEL J204312-060954 lens G 20 43 12.50 -06 09 53.6           ~ 1 0
143 AGEL J204312-060954 system gLS 20 43 12.5 -06 09 53           ~ 1 0
144 AGEL J211515+101153 system gLS 21 15 15.1 +10 11 53           ~ 1 0
145 AGEL J211627-594702 source LeG 21 16 27.3 -59 47 01           ~ 1 0
146 AGEL J211627-594702 system gLS 21 16 27.3 -59 47 01           ~ 1 0
147 AGEL J211627-594702 lens G 21 16 27.32 -59 47 01.8           ~ 2 0
148 AGEL J212326+015312 source LeG 21 23 26.0 +01 53 12           ~ 1 0
149 AGEL J212326+015312 system gLS 21 23 26.0 +01 53 12           ~ 1 0
150 AGEL J212512-650427 source LeG 21 25 12.0 -65 04 26           ~ 1 0
151 AGEL J212512-650427 system gLS 21 25 12.0 -65 04 26           ~ 1 0
152 AGEL J212512-650427 lens G 21 25 12.03 -65 04 26.7           ~ 2 0
153 AGEL J213758-012924 system gLS 21 37 58.0 -01 29 23           ~ 1 0
154 AGEL J213758-012924 source LeG 21 37 58.0 -01 29 23           ~ 1 0
155 AGEL J214915-001252 system gLS 21 49 15.3 -00 12 51           ~ 1 0
156 AGEL J214915-001252 source LeG 21 49 15.3 -00 12 51           ~ 2 0
157 AGEL J215041+140248 system gLS 21 50 41.1 +14 02 48           ~ 1 0
158 AGEL J215122+134718 system gLS 21 51 21.8 +13 47 18           ~ 1 0
159 AGEL J215122+134718 lens G 21 51 21.80 +13 47 18.2           ~ 1 0
160 AGEL J215844+025730 system gLS 21 58 43.67 +02 57 30.2           ~ 8 0
161 AGEL J215844+025730 source LeG 21 58 43.7 +02 57 30           ~ 4 0
162 AGEL J221912-434835 system gLS 22 19 12.4 -43 48 35           ~ 1 0
163 AGEL J221912-434835 source LeG 22 19 12.4 -43 48 35           ~ 1 0
164 AGEL J222609+004142 system gLS 22 26 09.3 +00 41 42           ~ 1 0
165 AGEL J222609+004142 source LeG 22 26 09.3 +00 41 42           ~ 1 0
166 AGEL J224400+124540 system gLS 22 44 00.3 +12 45 39           ~ 1 0
167 AGEL J224405+275916 system gLS 22 44 04.9 +27 59 15           ~ 1 0
168 AGEL J224405+275916 source LeG 22 44 04.9 +27 59 15           ~ 1 0
169 AGEL J224621+223338 source LeG 22 46 21.2 +22 33 37           ~ 1 0
170 AGEL J224621+223338 system gLS 22 46 21.2 +22 33 37           ~ 1 0
171 AGEL J230522-000212 source LeG 23 05 21.7 -00 02 11           ~ 1 0
172 AGEL J230522-000212 system gLS 23 05 21.7 -00 02 11           ~ 2 0
173 AGEL J231935+115016 system gLS 23 19 34.5 +11 50 15           ~ 2 0
174 AGEL J231935+115016 source LeG 23 19 34.5 +11 50 15           ~ 1 0
175 AGEL J231935+115016 lens G 23 19 34.50 +11 50 15.9           ~ 1 0
176 AGEL J233552-515218 source LeG 23 35 51.9 -51 52 17           ~ 2 0
177 AGEL J233552-515218 system gLS 23 35 51.9 -51 52 17           ~ 2 0
178 AGEL J233552-515218 lens G 23 35 51.927 -51 52 17.82           ~ 4 0
179 AGEL J233610-020735 system gLS 23 36 10.3 -02 07 35           ~ 2 0
180 AGEL J233610-020735 source LeG 23 36 10.3 -02 07 35           ~ 2 0

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