2023A&A...669A..41Z

To investigate co-evolution interstellar chemistry, we studied the gas-phase hydrogenation processes of possible photo-fragments of large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) cations. Our experimental results show that hydrogenated photo-fragments of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC, C₄₂H₁₈) cations are efficiently formed. The predominance of even-mass fragments (C₄₂H_2n⁺, n = [0-9]) is observed in the photo-fragmentation experiments, while no even-odd hydrogenated mass patterns are observed in the hydrogenation experiments. We investigated the structure of these newly formed hydrogenated photo-fragments and the bonding energies for the reaction pathways with quantum chemistry calculations. We used a molecular kinetic reaction model to simulate the hydrogenation processes of the photo-fragments (e.g. C₄₂H₁₂⁺) as a function of the reaction time under the experimental conditions. We obtain the possible structure distribution of the newly formed hydrogenated fragments of C₄₂H₁₈⁺ and the infrared (IR) spectra of these possible molecules. We infer that the hydrogenation and photo-dehydrogenation channels are not reversible reaction channels. Hydrogenation tends to be more random and disorderly, with no restrictions or requirements for the carbon reaction sites of PAH species. As a result, under the co-evolution interstellar chemistry network, there is little chance that PAH compounds return to their initial state through hydrogenation processes after photo-dehydrogenation. Consequently, the hydrogenation states and forms of PAH compounds are intricate and complex in the interstellar medium (ISM).