2023A&A...675A.108K

Query : 2023A&A...675A.108K

2023A&A...675A.108K - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 675A108 (2023/7-1)

The MeerKAT Fornax Survey II. The rapid removal of H I from dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster.

KLEINER D., SERRA P., MACCAGNI F.M., RAJ M.A., DE BLOK W.J.G., JOZSA G.I.G., KAMPHUIS P., KRAAN-KORTEWEG R., LOI F., LONI A., LOUBSER S.I., MOLNAR D.C., OOSTERLOO T.A., PELETIER R. and PISANO D.J.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present MeerKAT Fornax Survey atomic hydrogen (H I) observations of the dwarf galaxies located in the central ∼2.5 × 4 deg2 of the Fornax galaxy cluster (Rvir ∼2°). The H I images presented in this work have a 3σ column density sensitivity between 2.7 and 50 × 1018 cm–2 over 25 km s–1 for spatial resolution between 4 and 1 kpc. We are able to detect an impressive MHI = 5 × 105M⊙ 3σ point source with a line width of 50 km s–1 at a distance of 20 Mpc. We detected H I in 17 out of the 304 dwarfs in our field, with 14 out of the 36 late-type dwarfs (LTDs) and three out of the 268 early-type dwarfs (ETDs). The H I-detected LTDs have likely just joined the cluster and are on their first infall as they are located at large clustocentric radii, with comparable MHI and mean stellar surface brightness at fixed luminosity as blue, star-forming LTDs in the field. By contrast, the H I-detected ETDs have likely been in the cluster longer than the LTDs and acquired their H I through a recent merger or accretion from nearby H I. Eight of the H I-detected LTDs host irregular or asymmetric H I emission and disturbed or lopsided stellar emission. There are two clear cases of ram pressure shaping the H I, with the LTDs displaying compressed H I on the side closest to the cluster centre and a one-sided, starless tail pointing away from the cluster centre. The H I-detected dwarfs avoid the most massive potentials (i.e. cluster centre and massive galaxies), consistent with massive galaxies playing an active role in the removal of H I. We created a simple toy model to quantify the timescale of H I stripping in the cluster by reproducing the observed Mr'-MHI relation. We find that a MHI = 108M⊙ dwarf is stripped in ∼240 Myr. The model is consistent with our observations, where low-mass LTDs are directly stripped of their H I from a single encounter and more massive LTDs can harbour a disturbed H I morphology due to longer times or multiple encounters being required to fully strip their H I. This is the first time dwarf galaxies with MHI ≲ 1 × 106M⊙ have been detected and resolved beyond the local group and in a galaxy cluster.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2023

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: general - galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax - galaxies: dwarf - galaxies: evolution - galaxies: interactions - radio lines: ISM

Simbad objects: 47

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Number of rows : 47
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 1316 rG 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1491 1
2 LEDA 645977 G 03 30 11.4 -35 40 25           ~ 7 0
3 FDS 20 0502 G 03 30 33.2 -35 19 26           ~ 5 0
4 MCG-06-08-024 Sy2 03 31 08.2735132152 -36 17 24.787136976   14.60       ~ 78 1
5 6dFGS gJ033210.7-361314 LSB 03 32 10.74 -36 13 14.9   16.39       ~ 27 0
6 LEDA 658056 G 03 32 14.1 -34 44 51           ~ 5 0
7 ESO 358-15 Sy2 03 33 06.85 -34 48 29.2   15.34   14.29 14.9 ~ 86 0
8 FDS 15 0155 G 03 33 06.9 -34 44 27           ~ 5 0
9 ESO 358-16 GiC 03 33 09.20 -35 43 06.7   16.74   15.96   ~ 35 0
10 LEDA 13185 GiC 03 33 34.22 -36 36 21.3   16.43       ~ 25 0
11 NGC 1365 Sy1 03 33 36.458 -36 08 26.37 10.48 10.08 9.63 8.79 9.7 ~ 1987 2
12 LEDA 659931 AG? 03 33 57.43 -34 36 42.1           ~ 16 0
13 LEDA 74732 GiC 03 34 07.0 -36 27 58   16.8       ~ 17 0
14 LEDA 74738 GiC 03 34 21.80 -34 35 33.4   17.6       ~ 23 0
15 FDS 16 0141 LSB 03 34 52.0 -35 37 24           ~ 8 0
16 FDS 15 0085 G 03 35 53.1 -34 51 29           ~ 5 0
17 FDS 10 0167 LSB 03 36 20.1 -34 35 39           ~ 8 0
18 FDS 10 0130 G 03 37 20.6 -34 41 14           ~ 5 0
19 LEDA 632318 G 03 37 38.7 -36 48 40           ~ 6 0
20 FDS 11 0411b G 03 37 50.8 -35 09 04           ~ 5 0
21 FDS 11 0403 LSB 03 38 08.7 -35 09 53           ~ 9 0
22 LEDA 74808 EmG 03 38 19.265 -35 07 44.74   15.60 15.34     ~ 65 0
23 NGC 1399 rG 03 38 29.083 -35 27 02.67 11.05 9.74 9.59 8.12   ~ 1636 1
24 ACO S 373 ClG 03 38 29.4 -35 27 08           ~ 2029 0
25 FDS 12 0135 LSB 03 38 56.0 -36 39 44           ~ 6 0
26 NGC 1427A GiP 03 40 08.6854 -35 37 34.647   13.44   12.68 13.3 ~ 127 1
27 LEDA 74884 LSB 03 40 42.46 -35 39 40.1   17.8       ~ 24 0
28 LEDA 74887 LSB 03 40 43.4 -35 51 39   18.7       ~ 18 0
29 FDS 5 0608b G 03 41 08.3 -34 16 35           ~ 5 0
30 FDS 7 0021 G 03 41 08.7 -36 55 55           ~ 5 0
31 FDS 7 0185 G 03 41 23.4 -36 39 13           ~ 5 0
32 FDS 7 0461 LSB 03 41 23.9 -36 04 50           ~ 9 0
33 LEDA 645390 LSB 03 41 27.8 -35 43 13   19.2       ~ 12 0
34 FDS 7 0275 G 03 42 22.0 -36 26 50           ~ 5 0
35 NGC 1437A GiG 03 43 02.19 -36 16 24.1   13.92   13.09   ~ 87 0
36 FDS 5 0159b G 03 43 19.8 -34 44 11           ~ 5 0
37 FDS 5 0137 G 03 44 17.5 -34 46 33           ~ 5 0
38 FDS 5 0010 G 03 44 38.6 -34 55 47           ~ 4 0
39 LEDA 74972 GiC 03 44 58.61 -36 53 41.0   17.1       ~ 18 0
40 ESO 358-60 GiC 03 45 12.14 -35 34 15.3   15.86   15.46 16.6 ~ 82 0
41 6dFGS gJ034545.4-362046 GiC 03 45 45.40 -36 20 47.5   16.01   15.11   ~ 40 0
42 NGC 1437B Sy2 03 45 54.864 -36 21 24.93   13.98   12.78   ~ 96 0
43 ESO 358-64 G 03 46 28.52 -36 54 21.6   16.44   15.39   ~ 6 0
44 LEDA 74998 LSB 03 47 37.4 -36 21 44   17.5       ~ 14 0
45 FDS 2 0393 G 03 47 38.7 -35 08 34           ~ 5 0
46 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
47 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3

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