2023AJ....165..104D

Query : 2023AJ....165..104D

2023AJ....165..104D - Astron. J., 165, 104 (2023/March-0)

Emergent Spectral Fluxes of Hot Jupiters: An Abrupt Rise in Dayside Brightness Temperature Under Strong Irradiation.

DEMING D., LINE M.R., KNUTSON H.A., CROSSFIELD I.J.M., KEMPTON E.M.-R., KOMACEK T.D., WALLACK N.L. and FU G.

Abstract (from CDS):

We study the emergent spectral fluxes of transiting hot Jupiters, using secondary eclipses from Spitzer. To achieve a large and uniform sample, we have reanalyzed all secondary eclipses for all hot Jupiters observed by Spitzer at 3.6 and/or 4.5 μm. Our sample comprises 457 eclipses of 122 planets, including eclipses of 13 planets not previously published. We use these eclipse depths to calculate the spectral fluxes emergent from the exoplanetary atmospheres, and thereby infer the temperatures and spectral properties of hot Jupiters. We find that an abrupt rise in brightness temperature, similar to a phase change, occurs on the dayside atmospheres of the population at an equilibrium temperature between 1714 and 1818 K (99% confidence limits). The amplitude of the rise is 291 ± 49 K, and two viable causes are the onset of magnetic drag that inhibits longitudinal heat redistribution, and/or the rapid dissipation of dayside clouds. We also study hot Jupiter spectral properties with respect to metallicity and temperature inversions. Models exhibiting 4.5 μm emission from temperature inversions reproduce our fluxes statistically for the hottest planets, but the transition to emission is gradual, not abrupt. The Spitzer fluxes are sensitive to metallicity for planets cooler than ∼1200 K, and most of the hot Jupiter population falls between model tracks having solar to 30× solar metallicity.

Abstract Copyright: © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Exoplanet astronomy - Exoplanet atmospheres - Hot Jupiters - Infrared astronomy

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/AJ/165/104): table1.dat table2.dat table3.dat>

Simbad objects: 135

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Number of rows : 135
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 KELT-1b Pl 00 01 26.9168207928 +39 23 01.784206464           ~ 149 0
2 WASP-96b Pl 00 04 11.1376764240 -47 21 38.320831728           ~ 94 0
3 WASP-32b Pl 00 15 50.8077262344 +01 12 01.588900896           ~ 47 1
4 WASP-26b Pl 00 18 24.7008060816 -15 16 02.275778784           ~ 50 1
5 WASP-1b Pl 00 20 40.0745768856 +31 59 23.954809596           ~ 134 1
6 HAT-P-19b Pl 00 38 04.0135699416 +34 42 41.553538560           ~ 74 1
7 HAT-P-16b Pl 00 38 17.5584024024 +42 27 47.216738232           ~ 67 1
8 HD 10069b Pl 01 37 25.0332798696 -45 40 40.374717456           ~ 444 1
9 CD-56 324b Pl 01 38 25.0565551464 -55 46 19.525595664           ~ 27 0
10 BD+01 316b Pl 01 46 31.8575937456 +02 42 02.030065560           ~ 302 0
11 HAT-P-32b Pl 02 04 10.2774374568 +46 41 16.212315084           ~ 198 1
12 HAT-P-38b Pl 02 21 31.9803537360 +32 14 46.093339140           ~ 45 2
13 HD 15082b Pl 02 26 51.0582618096 +37 33 01.736482032           ~ 403 1
14 BD-07 436B PM* 02 28 37.3243428552 -07 03 41.283547632     13.40     K5 34 0
15 CD-30 1019b Pl 02 44 09.6096023424 -30 10 08.563662228           ~ 36 1
16 WASP-50b Pl 02 54 45.1341750384 -10 53 53.025224640           ~ 46 1
17 WASP-11b Pl 03 09 28.5433589520 +30 40 24.862993356           ~ 83 1
18 BD-20 761b Pl 04 01 32.5497551616 -20 27 03.911573952           ~ 34 0
19 WASP-78b Pl 04 15 01.5042985272 -22 06 59.103350532           ~ 55 1
20 BD+57 793b Pl 04 21 52.7048156328 +57 49 01.889294952           ~ 234 1
21 HAT-P-15 * 04 24 59.5350210144 +39 27 38.312978976   13.02 12.41 11.81   G5 53 1
22 HAT-P-15b Pl 04 24 59.5350210144 +39 27 38.312978976           ~ 60 1
23 CD-30 1812b Pl 04 25 29.0166589296 -30 36 01.610731368           ~ 104 1
24 CPD-64 356b Pl 04 35 50.3301268152 -64 01 37.333851168           ~ 49 0
25 BD-06 1077b Pl 05 04 19.6323194352 -06 13 47.378185788           ~ 40 1
26 BD-06 1077 * 05 04 19.6323194352 -06 13 47.378185788   11.55 10.94     ~ 56 1
27 HD 33643b Pl 05 13 10.9289282640 +33 19 05.400733872           ~ 85 0
28 CPD-64 484b Pl 05 48 33.5933253192 -63 59 18.388382028           ~ 73 1
29 WASP-49b Pl 06 04 21.4735743408 -16 57 55.108744668           ~ 71 1
30 HD 42176B * 06 10 39.2580270120 +30 57 27.846368676           ~ 10 0
31 HD 42176b Pl 06 10 39.3452642664 +30 57 25.713412668           ~ 43 1
32 CD-38 2551b Pl 06 17 20.7484979472 -38 19 23.754062640           ~ 61 1
33 WASP-12b Pl 06 30 32.7966092352 +29 40 20.263502460           ~ 847 1
34 CPD-23 1329b Pl 06 33 24.2671186968 -23 29 10.297934988           ~ 60 0
35 WASP-64b Pl 06 44 27.6050701128 -32 51 30.179289384           ~ 35 1
36 CoRoT-1 * 06 48 19.1723766840 -03 06 07.710745140     13.6 13.44 12.88 G0V 142 2
37 CoRoT-1b Pl 06 48 19.1723766840 -03 06 07.710745140           ~ 187 1
38 CD-38 3220b Pl 07 10 24.0604565856 -39 05 50.571250476           ~ 421 0
39 CD-42 3043b Pl 07 13 12.3537608448 -42 24 35.116644168           ~ 40 0
40 XO-4b Pl 07 21 33.1602434760 +58 16 05.109533364           ~ 76 1
41 HAT-P-20b Pl 07 27 39.9488720808 +24 20 11.516231112           ~ 97 1
42 HAT-P-33b Pl 07 32 44.2173520776 +33 50 06.115051104           ~ 59 1
43 BD+50 1471b Pl 07 48 06.4723053776 +50 13 32.920598923           ~ 170 1
44 BD+06 1909b Pl 08 15 47.9802408792 +05 50 12.350816484           ~ 73 1
45 HAT-P-13b Pl 08 39 31.8072358440 +47 21 07.273799280           ~ 128 1
46 WASP-36b Pl 08 46 19.2977439552 -08 01 37.015743396           ~ 54 1
47 WASP-65b Pl 08 53 17.8288214088 +08 31 22.809193788           ~ 26 2
48 BD+34 1976b Pl 09 20 24.7145388600 +33 52 56.696039796           ~ 69 1
49 HD 80606 PM* 09 22 37.5768032712 +50 36 13.435326684   9.78 9.00     G8V 366 2
50 HD 80606b Pl 09 22 37.5768032712 +50 36 13.435326684           ~ 369 1
51 WASP-19b Pl 09 53 40.0765648584 -45 39 33.057187596           ~ 423 1
52 BD+41 2024b Pl 09 54 34.3869331248 +40 23 16.973758176           ~ 49 1
53 WASP-43b Pl 10 19 38.0088913464 -09 48 22.605801336           ~ 442 1
54 HD 233731b Pl 10 22 43.5923328528 +50 07 42.062425248           ~ 52 1
55 BD-03 2978b Pl 10 42 14.0836906368 -03 50 06.260144388           ~ 150 0
56 WASP-104b Pl 10 42 24.6022768848 +07 26 06.291154644           ~ 38 0
57 HD 93396b Pl 10 46 49.7401839144 -09 23 56.495447700           ~ 70 0
58 CD-23 9677b Pl 11 01 35.8978277184 -23 51 38.386984896           ~ 59 1
59 CD-52 4998b Pl 12 21 17.9260543632 -52 50 27.000206304           ~ 32 0
60 WASP-107b Pl 12 33 32.8441110816 -10 08 46.225572324           ~ 289 0
61 HAT-P-3 Em* 13 44 22.5937349736 +48 01 43.205733624   12.53 11.86     K1V 104 1
62 HAT-P-3b Pl 13 44 22.5937349736 +48 01 43.205733624           ~ 113 1
63 Qatar 2b Pl 13 50 37.4100326640 -06 48 14.421574044           ~ 55 1
64 CD-31 10766b Pl 13 55 42.7120177608 -32 09 34.616222028           ~ 84 1
65 HAT-P-12b Pl 13 57 33.4668726399 +43 29 36.601508739           ~ 201 1
66 HAT-P-12 PM* 13 57 33.4668726399 +43 29 36.601508739   13.851 12.766 12.428   K5 113 1
67 HD 122173b Pl 14 00 46.4448293088 -30 35 00.847569084           ~ 35 0
68 WASP-16b Pl 14 18 43.9225013904 -20 16 31.843626168           ~ 60 1
69 WASP-39b Pl 14 29 18.4151689656 -03 26 40.204480380           ~ 345 1
70 BD+22 2716b Pl 14 33 06.3571702344 +21 53 40.981395876           ~ 170 1
71 WASP-37b Pl 14 47 46.5619510032 +01 03 53.799541704           ~ 34 1
72 WASP-24b Pl 15 08 51.7367171808 +02 20 35.962165104           ~ 58 1
73 BD+36 2593 Em* 15 19 57.9203617176 +36 13 46.738078788   11.83 11.12     F 129 1
74 BD+36 2593b Pl 15 19 57.9203617176 +36 13 46.738078788           ~ 86 1
75 CD-27 10695b Pl 15 59 50.9491505016 -28 03 42.312819096           ~ 313 1
76 BD+28 2507b Pl 16 02 11.8462322592 +28 10 10.420201452           ~ 195 1
77 HD 146389b Pl 16 15 50.3653280520 +10 01 57.284258556           ~ 57 1
78 HD 147506b Pl 16 20 36.3576063720 +41 02 53.106772488           ~ 274 1
79 HD 147506 * 16 20 36.3576063720 +41 02 53.106772488   9.15 8.69     F8V 199 1
80 HD 149026b Pl 16 30 29.6185771608 +38 20 50.308980864           ~ 388 1
81 WASP-103b Pl 16 37 15.5765824488 +07 11 00.109678740           ~ 215 1
82 HAT-P-18b Pl 17 05 23.1475097496 +33 00 44.940001716           ~ 153 1
83 TrES-3 Pl 17 52 07.0184259768 +37 32 46.237377840           ~ 245 2
84 TOI-2124b Pl 17 53 13.0489562760 +37 12 42.586493328           ~ 228 2
85 HAT-P-5b Pl 18 17 37.3126923960 +36 37 17.170401468           ~ 71 1
86 BD+35 3293b Pl 18 34 31.6252443960 +35 39 41.491899468           ~ 126 1
87 NAME V672 Lyr b Pl 19 04 09.8515616256 +36 37 57.446680296           ~ 354 1
88 Kepler-12b Pl 19 04 58.4220633696 +50 02 25.271762064           ~ 97 1
89 Kepler-1b Pl 19 07 14.0375836512 +49 18 59.091482160           ~ 349 2
90 BD+46 2629 ** 19 07 53.104944 +46 52 06.00420   10.12 9.70 9.80   kA2hA5mA7(IV)m: 173 0
91 NAME BD+46 2629Ab Pl 19 07 53.1397066992 +46 52 05.922122844           ~ 181 1
92 WASP-48b Pl 19 24 38.9614451424 +55 28 23.332107108           ~ 65 1
93 CoRoT-2 * 19 27 06.4944378024 +01 23 01.359897468   13.422 12.568 12.204 11.49 G7V+K9V 267 2
94 CoRoT-2b Pl 19 27 06.4944378024 +01 23 01.359897468           ~ 256 1
95 BD+47 2846b Pl 19 28 59.3538826128 +47 58 10.217007804           ~ 415 1
96 HD 185603b Pl 19 38 38.7352230144 +31 13 09.217127532           ~ 184 0
97 WASP-67b Pl 19 42 58.5218345280 -19 56 58.521259680           ~ 60 1
98 Kepler-6b Pl 19 47 20.9379557640 +48 14 23.759029608           ~ 106 1
99 HAT-P-41b Pl 19 49 17.4398486136 +04 40 20.786070360           ~ 85 1
100 Kepler-17b Pl 19 53 34.8643397568 +47 48 54.049530564           ~ 110 1
101 Kepler-5b Pl 19 57 37.6884643560 +44 02 06.189718884           ~ 106 1
102 HD 189733b Pl 20 00 43.7129433648 +22 42 39.073143456           ~ 1610 1
103 WASP-80b Pl 20 12 40.1693365800 -02 08 39.187438476           ~ 180 1
104 HD 351766b Pl 20 12 46.8865572432 +18 06 17.402572008           ~ 50 1
105 Qatar 1b Pl 20 13 31.6172746704 +65 09 43.492226796           ~ 88 1
106 BD-01 3943b Pl 20 18 09.3209454504 -01 04 32.609372016           ~ 64 0
107 HAT-P-23b Pl 20 24 29.7234392904 +16 45 43.811510112           ~ 81 1
108 WASP-2b Pl 20 30 54.1282355304 +06 25 46.341284844           ~ 112 1
109 HD 195689b Pl 20 31 26.3534153736 +39 56 19.773037500           ~ 358 0
110 HD 197286b Pl 20 44 10.2208462488 -39 13 30.855881604           ~ 76 1
111 CD-34 14724B PM* 20 55 09.1576722384 -34 08 07.913816448       10.51 10.06 F9 44 0
112 KELT-16b Pl 20 57 04.4386023336 +31 39 39.631400028           ~ 62 0
113 BD-05 5432b Pl 21 00 06.1968214728 -05 05 40.034944176           ~ 219 1
114 HD 201585b Pl 21 10 12.3723073896 +10 44 19.949472816           ~ 83 0
115 WASP-46b Pl 21 14 56.8598669520 -55 52 18.458085144           ~ 54 1
116 HD 202772B PM* 21 18 47.7791792280 -26 36 57.540341304   10.65 10.15     ~ 7 0
117 HAT-P-17b Pl 21 38 08.7310010424 +30 29 19.446386748           ~ 102 1
118 HD 209458b Pl 22 03 10.7727465312 +18 53 03.549393384           ~ 2037 1
119 HAT-P-40b Pl 22 22 03.0875673648 +45 27 26.518064616           ~ 30 1
120 CD-48 14223b Pl 22 29 49.7355107880 -48 00 11.048684184           ~ 28 0
121 BD-11 5929b Pl 22 49 32.5676223552 -10 40 31.926201744           ~ 26 1
122 BD+34 4779b Pl 22 52 09.8636387352 +35 26 49.608422844           ~ 85 1
123 NAME BD+37 4734Bb Pl 22 57 46.8442481880 +38 40 30.358351704           ~ 268 1
124 BD+37 4734B PM* 22 57 46.8442481880 +38 40 30.358351704   10.82 9.87     G0V 189 1
125 WASP-21b Pl 23 09 58.2534443016 +18 23 45.885822792           ~ 71 1
126 WASP-6b Pl 23 12 37.7368282608 -22 40 26.273805024           ~ 150 1
127 WASP-52b Pl 23 13 58.7576098848 +08 45 40.572305352           ~ 155 1
128 WASP-10b Pl 23 15 58.3006181424 +31 27 46.296056268           ~ 118 1
129 WASP-4b Pl 23 34 15.0857248317 -42 03 41.047972591           ~ 197 1
130 K2-1b Pl 23 34 27.8814904872 -01 34 48.110067912           ~ 43 1
131 BD+41 4831b Pl 23 39 05.8102996968 +42 27 57.505293900           ~ 94 1
132 CD-40 15273 PM* 23 51 31.0839097560 -39 54 24.258188484   12.15 11.33 10.896 10.10 K4V 82 1
133 CD-40 15273b Pl 23 51 31.0839097560 -39 54 24.258188484           ~ 88 1
134 WASP-5b Pl 23 57 23.7564672192 -41 16 37.743700800           ~ 103 1
135 CD-35 16019b Pl 23 59 36.0711872328 -35 01 52.923618408           ~ 144 0

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