2023MNRAS.520.6001P

We present the XMM-Newton X-ray analysis of 19 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters of low- to mid-redshift (<0.4) selected from the MCXC (Meta-Catalog of X-Ray Detected Clusters of Galaxies) cluster catalogue in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Programme field. We derive the hydrostatic equilibrium mass and study scaling relations using (i) the whole sample, (ii) only relaxed clusters, and (iii) only disturbed clusters. When considering the whole sample, the Y_X-M_tot and M_gas-M_tot relations agree with self-similarity. In terms of morphology, relaxed clusters show a flatter relation in L_X,ce-M_tot, L_X,bol-M_tot, L_X,ce-T, L_bol,ce-T, M_gas-M_tot, and Y_X-M_tot. The L_bol,ce-M_tot, L_X,ce-M_tot L_bol,ce-T, and L_X,ce-T relations show a slope ∼3σ steeper. The residuals in the M_gas-M_tot and T-M_tot relations and the intrinsic covariance between M_gas and T show hints of positive correlation, casting doubt on whether the Y_X parameter is a truly low-scatter mass proxy. The M_gas-M_tot and T-M_tot plots colour coded with the offset of the L_X,ce-M_tot relation show these two relations to be brightness dependent but not the L_X,ce-T relation, suggesting that relations involving M_tot are biased due to sample selection based on luminosity. Following the work that studied an optical sample and combining our result with literature studies, we find that M_tot derived not using mass proxies deviates from L_X ∝ $M_{\rm gas}^{2}M_{\rm tot}^{-1}$ and M_tot based on hydrostatic equilibrium is more massive than what is expected by their relation using caustic masses. This indicates that mass bias plays an important role in scaling relations.