2023MNRAS.525..542M

Query : 2023MNRAS.525..542M

2023MNRAS.525..542M - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 525, 542-560 (2023/October-2)

A search for gravitationally lensed supernovae within the Zwicky transient facility public survey.

MAGEE M.R., SAINZ DE MURIETA A., COLLETT T.E. and ENZI W.

Abstract (from CDS):

Strong gravitational lensing of supernovae is exceedingly rare. To date, only a handful of lensed supernovae are known. Despite this, lensed supernovae have emerged as a promising method for measuring the current expansion rate of the Universe and breaking the Hubble tension. We present an extensive search for gravitationally lensed supernovae within the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) public survey, covering 15 215 transients with good light curves discovered during 4 yr of observations. We cross-match a catalogue of known and candidate lens galaxies with our sample and find three coincident sources, which were due to chance alignment. To search for supernovae magnified by unknown lenses, we test multiple methods suggested in the literature for the first time on real data. This includes selecting objects with extremely red colours, those that appear inconsistent with the host galaxy redshift, and those with bright absolute magnitudes inferred from the host galaxy redshift. We find a few hundred candidates, most of which are due to contamination from activate galactic nuclei, bogus detections, or unlensed supernovae. The false positive rate from these methods presents significant challenges for future surveys. In total, 132 unique transients were identified across all of our selection methods that required detailed manual rejection, which would be infeasible for larger samples. Overall, we do not find any compelling candidates for lensed supernovae, which is broadly consistent with previous estimates for the rate of lensed supernovae from the ZTF public survey alone and the number expected to pass the selection cuts we apply.

Abstract Copyright: © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society

Journal keyword(s): gravitational lensing: strong - supernovae: general

Simbad objects: 143

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Number of rows : 143
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 SN 2021rhu SN* 00 03 15.429 +16 08 44.55           SNIa 10 0
2 SN 2019xhb SN* 00 10 10.690 -06 00 03.60           SNII 5 0
3 AT 2020mot ev 00 31 13.560 +85 00 31.90           ~ 28 0
4 AT 2018iya ev 00 31 20.212 +30 47 34.84           ~ 1 0
5 SN 2020ppe SN* 00 39 35.970 +06 39 50.83           SNIa 4 0
6 SN 2019udk SN* 00 40 51.278 +02 50 25.63           SNIa 4 0
7 SN 2020qmj SN* 00 44 06.006 +05 15 35.93           SNIIn 2 0
8 SN 2005gi SN* 00 55 52.68 +00 30 17.8   20.72 20.07 19.74 19.50 SNIIP 14 1
9 SN 2021aug SN* 01 14 04.81 +19 25 04.7           SNIc-BL 2 0
10 AT 2019ooo ev 01 20 23.249 +04 42 52.52           ~ 1 0
11 AT 2019nmu ev 01 33 08.585 +30 22 58.41           ~ 1 0
12 AT 2021admn ev 01 34 23.643 -21 34 41.44           ~ 1 0
13 AT 2016jka SN* 01 38 03.630 -21 55 50.40           SNIa 29 0
14 AT 2020abys ev 01 39 56.928 +43 47 02.78           ~ 1 0
15 SN 2020udy SN* 02 06 49.350 +44 35 15.29           SN.Iax[02cx-like] 10 0
16 AT 2021abkt ev 02 08 15.103 +48 18 26.77           ~ 1 0
17 AT 2020riz ev 02 10 30.75 +09 04 26.5           ~ 15 0
18 AT 2018iwo ev 02 19 48.806 +26 46 04.47           ~ 1 0
19 AT 2019kkk ev 02 21 53.730 +41 15 30.30           ~ 1 0
20 SN 2021abpd SN* 02 28 52.374 -05 29 14.18           SNII 1 0
21 SN 2020uea SN* 02 31 21.169 +43 27 53.25           SNIa 4 0
22 SN 2020vzj SN* 02 41 54.356 +46 40 11.81           SNIa 2 0
23 SN 2020acmf SN* 02 43 26.807 +16 39 46.47           SNIa 3 0
24 SN 2018jpn SN* 02 44 08.21 -09 27 06.0           SNIa91bg-like 5 0
25 SN 2018htt SN* 03 06 02.9 -15 36 42           SNIa-norm 10 0
26 AT 2021acwy ev 03 45 42.792 +46 40 25.36           ~ 1 0
27 SN 2019vca SN* 04 17 41.149 -03 30 44.03           SNIa 1 0
28 SN 2020aatb SN? 05 24 46.40 -15 56 31.4           SNII 3 0
29 SN 1987A SN* 05 35 27.98840 -69 16 11.1134           SNIIpec 5203 2
30 SN 2021aesq SN* 05 40 40.000 +16 27 36.34           SNIa 1 0
31 SN 2021aaad SN* 06 14 19.921 +66 18 16.01           SNIb 2 0
32 SN 2021acvl SN* 06 27 01.772 -12 31 18.14           SNIc 1 0
33 AT 2019obg ev 06 46 09.570 +63 03 08.24           ~ 1 0
34 SN 2019oys SN* 07 07 59.260 +31 39 55.30           SNIb 17 0
35 AT 2021yit ev 07 08 14.662 +86 39 28.73           ~ 1 0
36 AT 2020zo ev 07 21 15.368 +55 53 24.19           ~ 1 0
37 AT 2020aciu ev 07 22 33.830 +72 46 19.56           ~ 1 0
38 SN 2021yys SN* 07 25 42.211 +44 49 25.11           SNIIn 1 0
39 AT 2021hsv ev 07 30 42.976 +41 28 03.41           ~ 1 0
40 SN 2021kds SN* 08 29 38.469 -17 17 55.90           SNIa 2 0
41 AT 2020shg ev 08 36 15.755 +61 17 05.70           ~ 1 0
42 SN 2019uoo SN* 08 38 45.660 -14 40 48.68           SNIa 2 0
43 SN 2021zhi SN* 08 41 56.760 -00 03 40.28           SNII 1 0
44 AT 2019aamf ev 08 57 01.476 +33 54 53.96           ~ 4 0
45 AT 2019pxz ev 09 05 06.712 +41 13 51.28           ~ 1 0
46 AT 2020wey ev 09 05 25.88 +61 48 09.2           ~ 45 0
47 SN 2020in SN* 09 53 01.84 +20 14 03.5           SNII 5 0
48 SN 2021aadb SN* 10 07 17.850 +57 06 17.60           SNIa 1 0
49 AT 2020aaiw ev 10 16 30.029 -06 27 49.89           ~ 1 0
50 SN 2021do SN* 10 16 56.522 +73 23 50.93           SN.Ic 7 0
51 ZTF19acxxwvi SN* 10 35 04.83 +46 33 38.2           SNIIb 2 0
52 SN 2020ktn SN* 11 00 16.271 +37 14 28.89           SNIa 2 0
53 AT 2021wt ev 11 32 23.945 -00 49 59.12           ~ 1 0
54 AT 2021cj ev 11 34 36.956 +67 52 25.67           ~ 1 0
55 AT 2020afap ev 11 36 33.814 +61 43 39.29           ~ 3 0
56 SN 2021adlw SN* 11 41 17.822 +36 32 34.57           SNII 3 0
57 NAME SN Refsdal SN* 11 49 36.010 +22 23 48.13           ~ 130 0
58 SN 2019gcl SN* 11 56 55.020 +22 08 31.51           SNIc-BL 2 0
59 SN 2021jag SN* 12 06 44.964 +67 09 53.80           SNIa 3 0
60 AT 2020aexc ev 12 07 13.459 +44 10 15.60           ~ 3 0
61 SN 2020dcs SN* 12 13 25.47806 +37 41 57.8047           ~ 3 0
62 ASASSN -22ci ev 12 20 45.010 +49 33 04.68           ~ 31 0
63 SN 2020oi SN* 12 22 54.930 +15 49 24.96           SNIc 77 0
64 SN 2021dru SN* 12 24 44.664 -04 46 06.94           SNII 2 0
65 SN 2021hiz SN* 12 25 41.675 +07 13 42.26           SNIa 10 0
66 AT 2020fyu ev 12 48 39.773 +74 45 51.73           ~ 1 0
67 SN 2021krf SN* 12 51 17.443 +00 31 14.73           SNIc 7 0
68 AT 2021aeou ev 12 53 46.444 +47 52 17.94           ~ 3 0
69 AT 2021mtk ev 12 54 05.445 -16 05 04.55           ~ 1 0
70 SN 2021pkz SN* 12 55 17.220 +02 53 50.32           SNIa 2 0
71 SN 2020nif SN* 13 04 13.740 -10 21 03.49           SNII 5 0
72 NAME M51 OT2019-1 ev 13 29 42.394 +47 11 16.99           ~ 30 0
73 SN 2021kwc SN* 13 35 47.918 +02 59 59.35           SNIIn 2 0
74 AT 2020aus ev 13 50 29.944 -06 33 46.76           ~ 1 0
75 AT 2019leb ev 13 50 58.206 +27 19 47.33           ~ 1 0
76 SN 2020mbc SN* 14 02 03.590 +26 37 49.23           SNIc 1 0
77 SN 2021pfs SN* 14 03 23.580 -06 01 53.90           SNIa 6 0
78 SN 2021llv SN* 14 11 49.609 +18 00 30.86           SNIa 2 0
79 SN 2021M SN* 14 14 14.72 +35 25 23.1           SNIIb 6 0
80 SN 2020fcw SN* 14 28 32.005 +27 24 29.90           SNIa 6 0
81 AT 2021ug ev 14 38 25.397 +29 03 38.39           ~ 1 0
82 AT 2019gvv ev 14 41 14.735 +15 14 45.83           ~ 1 0
83 SN 2021och SN* 14 44 06.640 +18 00 39.46           SNIa 4 0
84 SN 2020jgs SN* 14 44 07.270 +18 00 46.84           SNIa 4 0
85 SN 2019dwq SN* 14 54 15.630 +04 47 34.76           SNIa 2 0
86 AT 2020jzf ev 14 58 17.742 +24 22 35.31           ~ 1 0
87 SN 2020nln SN* 15 12 45.112 +41 14 01.37           SNIa 4 0
88 SN 2021ihz SN* 15 13 27.322 +25 12 23.99           SNIa 1 0
89 AT 2021nzm ev 15 21 54.805 +48 46 47.78           ~ 1 0
90 SN 2021kcu SN* 15 24 25.840 +70 19 40.48           SNIa 2 0
91 SN 2019pqo SN* 15 41 30.333 +15 47 03.30           SNIIb 2 0
92 SN 2019yz SN* 15 41 57.300 +00 42 39.41           SNIc 7 0
93 AT 2021lho ev 15 42 41.355 +03 36 43.83           ~ 1 0
94 SN 2021kye SN* 15 43 54.320 +26 14 48.01           SNIa 1 0
95 SN 2020iso SN* 15 50 21.762 -16 47 13.44           SNIa 3 0
96 AT 2021nwa ev 15 53 51.279 +55 35 19.67           ~ 13 0
97 AT 2020acka ev 15 55 01.951 +16 18 16.31           ~ 16 0
98 SN 2021uux SN* 16 00 00.820 +50 48 05.72           SNII 1 0
99 SN 2021skm SN* 16 16 56.042 +21 48 35.94           SNII 2 0
100 SN 2021btn SN* 16 18 28.260 +13 46 27.80           SNII 2 0
101 AT 2021xlx ev 16 24 12.645 +37 57 16.47           ~ 1 0
102 SN 2021rgw SN* 16 26 42.910 +13 06 49.97           SNIa 4 0
103 SN 2019agm SN* 16 36 45.600 +18 41 14.96           SN.Ia 2 0
104 AT 2021quh ev 16 43 03.030 -26 41 26.74           ~ 1 0
105 SN 2022cuy SN* 16 44 57.699 -08 15 02.59           SNIa 1 0
106 SN 2021qqr SN* 17 09 29.716 -22 26 51.67           SNIa 1 0
107 SN 2018feb SN* 17 10 11.3 +21 38 56           SNIa-norm 12 0
108 SN 2020qrz SN* 17 16 27.150 +43 20 33.94           SNIa 3 0
109 SN 2019bvd SN* 17 31 01.902 +71 52 05.11           SNIa 1 0
110 AT 2021cvl ev 17 40 46.684 +44 18 02.66           ~ 1 0
111 SN 2018cxl SN* 17 44 24.630 +55 10 31.56           SNIa 9 0
112 SN 2019tdf SN* 17 46 28.980 +30 42 24.81           SNIa 4 0
113 AT 2020uyk ev 17 48 05.223 +23 29 16.89           ~ 1 0
114 AT 2021nkh ev 17 59 38.413 +52 14 15.07           ~ 1 0
115 SN 2020npb SN* 17 59 58.220 +44 51 45.63           SNIa 5 0
116 AT 2018com ev 18 07 49.148 +35 53 00.48           ~ 1 0
117 SN 2020xtz SN* 18 11 51.090 +14 58 56.82           SNIa 1 0
118 SN 2018eay SN* 18 16 13.10 +55 35 27.2           SNIa-91T-like 11 0
119 ATLAS 20fsi ev 18 22 49.61 +47 49 55.1           SNIa 4 0
120 SN 2021mxx SN* 18 56 51.2730 +36 37 20.402           SN.Ic 6 0
121 SN 2020lmd SN* 19 04 54.130 -11 06 15.30           SNIA 2 0
122 SN 2020mya SN* 19 29 17.832 -22 43 36.90           SNIa 2 0
123 AT 2021nxt ev 19 46 23.892 +41 48 21.61           ~ 1 0
124 AT 2021uuk ev 19 54 49.885 +46 34 57.60           ~ 1 0
125 AT 2021nkg ev 19 58 44.610 +04 41 54.89           ~ 1 0
126 SN 2021pmq SN* 20 04 47.989 -03 32 27.52           SNIa 1 0
127 SN 2021sjt SN* 20 37 19.200 +66 06 23.08           SNII 7 0
128 AT 2020mnc ev 20 44 44.812 -06 25 19.62           ~ 1 0
129 SN 2022swf SN* 20 45 41.858 -10 40 34.30           SNIa 1 0
130 SN 2021wvz SN* 20 51 08.859 -18 37 33.50           SNII 1 0
131 SN 2016geu SN* 21 04 15.86 -06 20 24.5           SNIa 78 0
132 SN 2019tkb SN* 21 43 53.439 -10 11 02.22           SNIa 2 0
133 AT 2020mxl ev 21 50 46.556 -17 49 54.25           ~ 1 0
134 SN 2020pkj SN* 21 54 23.070 +15 09 24.41           SNIa 6 0
135 SN 2019xgi SN* 21 55 25.490 +34 30 37.76           SNII 1 0
136 PS1-10afx SN* 22 11 24.162 +00 09 43.49           SNIa 46 0
137 SN 2020adcb SN* 22 34 06.482 +05 33 52.53           SNIa 2 0
138 SN 2021aaan SN* 22 50 11.260 +30 21 47.88           SNIa 2 0
139 AT 2020rse ev 23 01 55.493 +07 47 19.18           ~ 1 0
140 SN 2020zgl SN* 23 28 01.150 -02 09 53.64           SNIb-pec 3 0
141 ZTF J233855.45+252023.9 RS* 23 38 55.4921107017 +25 20 24.542895197   16.343 14.941 14.443   ~ 3 0
142 SN 2021qtn SN* 23 41 31.763 +14 07 26.93           SNIa 1 0
143 AT 2021prm ev 23 50 06.932 +17 30 57.33           ~ 1 0

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