2024A&A...686A.305F

Aims. We aim to investigate the molecular environment of the supernova remnant (SNR) G150.3+4.5, and explore its association with ambient molecular clouds (MCs).
Methods. We present large-field CO (J = 1-0) molecular line observations toward SNR G150.3+4.5, using the 13.7 m millimeter telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory. The observations have an angular resolution of ∼55″. We analyzed the spatial distribution of MCs in relation to the SNR shell detected in previous Urumqi λ 6 cm radio observations and examined the CO spectra for kinematics information.
Results. We find that MCs within the velocity range of [-14, -2] km s^–1 are spatially distributed along the radio shell of the SNR. Line broadening and asymmetries are observed in the CO spectra of the clouds. Moreover, we find that the molecular clouds around the shell have systematic velocity gradients in the position-velocity (PV) diagram. Both the morphology alignment and gas kinematics suggest that the SNR is associated with the ambient MCs at ∼740 pc. Based on the CO gas distance, the dimension and the age of the SNR are estimated to be 40 pc × 33 pc and 3.8 × 10⁴ yr, respectively. The very high energy emission of 1LHAASO J0428+5531 toward the SNR may originate from the interaction between the SNR and the surrounding MCs.