2024A&A...689A..31M


Query : 2024A&A...689A..31M

2024A&A...689A..31M - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 689A31 (2024/9-1)

X-Shooting ULLYSES: Massive stars at low metallicity V. Effect of metallicity on surface abundances of O stars.

MARTINS F., BOURET J.-C., HILLIER D.J., BRANDS S.A., CROWTHER P.A., HERRERO A., NAJARRO F., PAULI D., PULS J., RAMACHANDRAN V., SANDER A.A.C., VINK J.S. (The XShootU Collaboration)

Abstract (from CDS):

Context. Massive stars rotate faster, on average, than lower mass stars. Stellar rotation triggers hydrodynamical instabilities which transport angular momentum and chemical species from the core to the surface. Models of high-mass stars that include these processes predict that chemical mixing is stronger at lower metallicity.
Aims. We aim to test this prediction by comparing the surface abundances of massive stars at different metallicities.
Methods. We performed a spectroscopic analysis of single O stars in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) based on the ULLYSES and XShootU surveys. We determined the fundamental parameters and helium, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen surface abundances of 17 LMC and 17 SMC non-supergiant O6-9.5 stars. We complemented these determinations by literature results for additional MCs and also Galactic stars to increase the sample size and metallicity coverage. We investigated the differences in the surface chemical enrichment at different metallicities and compared them with predictions of three sets of evolutionary models.
Results. Surface abundances are consistent with CNO-cycle nucleosynthesis. The maximum surface nitrogen enrichment is stronger in MC stars than in Galactic stars. Nitrogen enrichment is also observed in stars with higher surface gravities in the SMC than in the Galaxy. This trend is predicted by models that incorporate chemical transport caused by stellar rotation. The distributions of projected rotational velocities in our samples are likely biased towards slow rotators.
Conclusions. A metallicity dependence of surface abundances is demonstrated. The analysis of larger samples with an unbiased distribution of projected rotational velocities is required to better constrain the treatment of chemical mixing and angular momentum transport in massive single and binary stars.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2024

Journal keyword(s): stars: abundances - stars: atmospheres - stars: fundamental parameters - stars: massive

Simbad objects: 155

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Number of rows : 155
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA
ICRS (J2000)
DEC
Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026
#notes
1 AzV 6 Ev* 00 45 18.198504 -73 15 23.54220   13.436 13.405 13.337   O9III 36 0
2 SK 10 s*b 00 46 42.1591125672 -73 24 55.494317340 11.903 12.984 13.176   13.35 O6.5III(f) 56 0
3 AzV 43 * 00 48 47.8983993528 -72 46 24.890763828   13.76 13.88     O9II 28 0
4 AzV 47 * 00 48 51.4911440520 -73 25 58.537753356 12.263 13.314 13.496   14.00 O8III((f)) 45 0
5 BBB SMC 1 * 00 50 17.2067283312 -72 53 30.259838832 12.093 13.144 13.326 13.39 13.47 OC7III 52 0
6 AzV 77 * 00 50 33.5144777088 -72 47 45.008016756 12.74 13.79 13.95   14.12 O7III 15 0
7 AzV 80 * 00 50 43.8139294080 -72 47 41.547243120 12.22 13.24 13.376   13.59 O6IIInn(f)p 42 0
8 AzV 95 * 00 51 21.6002057448 -72 44 14.875230300 12.67 13.64 13.83   13.95 O7.5III((f)) 53 0
9 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
10 AzV 148 * 00 53 42.2323318536 -72 42 35.278898580 12.99 13.97 14.16   14.33 B0II 19 0
11 AzV 170 s*b 00 55 42.4299731736 -73 17 30.523500780 12.86 13.82 14.11   14.25 O9.7I 41 0
12 AzV 186 * 00 57 26.9385640632 -72 33 13.559385672 12.66 13.88 13.86   14.15 O8.5III((f)) 29 0
13 Cl* NGC 346 MPG 12 * 00 58 14.0865065520 -72 10 44.292892764   19.15 17.98   16.72 B0III 43 0
14 Cl* NGC 346 ELS 28 * 00 58 31.7543622456 -72 10 57.965696544 13.58 14.73 14.94   15.23 OC6Vz 33 0
15 AzV 207 * 00 58 33.1896798552 -71 55 46.721984016 12.99 14.13 14.35   14.58 O7V((f))z 48 0
16 Cl* NGC 346 ELS 50 * 00 58 55.2212724984 -72 09 06.692331348 14.07 15.24 15.49   15.80 O8Vn 17 0
17 Cl* NGC 346 ELS 7 * 00 58 57.3961905528 -72 10 33.660822720 12.68 13.82 14.13   14.28 O4V((f+)) 61 0
18 Cl* NGC 346 NMC 34 * 00 59 00.9631326096 -72 11 09.278888748 14.11 15.20 15.46   15.57 O6.5V 16 0
19 Cl* NGC 346 NMC 28 * 00 59 01.8187292184 -72 10 31.216864152   13.95 14.18     O5.5V((f+)) 38 0
20 Cl* NGC 346 NMC 17 * 00 59 06.7498587648 -72 10 41.262204828 13.05 14.19 14.33   14.60 O8V 26 0
21 Cl* NGC 346 ELS 51 * 00 59 08.6965433496 -72 10 14.136149136 14.03 15.17 15.40   15.62 O7Vz 23 0
22 Cl* NGC 346 ELS 22 * 00 59 18.6176208672 -72 11 09.887619084   14.65 14.91     O9V 23 0
23 Cl* NGC 346 ELS 46 Y*O 00 59 31.8683861040 -72 13 35.225231592   15.16 15.44     O6.5Vnn 18 0
24 Cl* NGC 346 ELS 31 * 00 59 54.0614692656 -72 04 31.420184880 13.71 14.81 15.05   15.33 O9V 25 0
25 SK 84 * 01 00 06.7253852112 -72 47 19.124459916 12.58 13.71 13.91   14.16 O6.5V 51 0
26 AzV 251 * 01 00 22.1535867240 -72 30 48.733765308 13.38 14.47 14.69   14.93 O8Vnn 23 0
27 AzV 267 * 01 01 15.6926628168 -72 06 35.367953616   14.58 14.84     O7.5Vn 25 0
28 AzV 307 * 01 02 32.1812082792 -72 39 42.569272548 13.34 13.88 14.02   14.26 B0.5II 21 0
29 RMC 28 s*b 01 03 10.5480205584 -72 02 14.335031256 11.833 12.924 13.086   13.60 O9.7Ib 52 0
30 AzV 388 * 01 05 39.5306276568 -72 29 26.938329540 12.79 13.86 14.12   14.37 O5V 51 0
31 AzV 429 EB* 01 07 59.8335369624 -72 00 53.979262812 13.40 14.49 14.69   14.91 O7Vz 23 0
32 AzV 439 * 01 08 51.0869885112 -71 49 51.681780912 13.47 14.49 14.68   14.87 O9.5III 20 0
33 AzV 440 * 01 08 56.0209984488 -71 52 46.695754200 13.42 14.30 14.58   14.76 O7.5III((f)) 30 0
34 AzV 446 * 01 09 25.4274489696 -73 09 29.906782668 13.37 14.38 14.61   14.91 O6.5Vz 28 0
35 AzV 461 * 01 11 25.5705843312 -72 09 48.802253292 13.22 14.40 14.61   14.94 O8V+neb 25 0
36 AzV 468 * 01 12 05.8755103152 -72 40 56.600864328 13.83 14.86 15.14   15.49 O8.5V 21 0
37 SK 148 s*b 01 12 29.0077488048 -72 29 29.054516928 11.913 13.014 13.176   13.32 O9Iab(f) 48 0
38 BD+60 261 * 01 32 32.7211393416 +61 07 45.841195308 8.27 8.94 8.69     O7.5III(n)((f)) 57 0
39 HD 14633 SB* 02 22 54.2923246536 +41 28 47.724359448 6.14 8.79 8.73 8.69   ON8.5V 241 0
40 BD+60 499 Y*O 02 32 16.7518284696 +61 33 14.996422332 10.27 10.85 10.31     O9.5V 87 0
41 HD 15642 * 02 32 56.3830465728 +55 19 39.055987236 9.305 8.56 8.55     O9.5II-IIIn 110 0
42 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
43 HD 24431 ** 03 55 38.4221692944 +52 38 28.747965948 6.50 7.11 6.74 6.36 6.10 O9III+B1.5V 173 0
44 * ksi Per ** 03 58 57.9024302099 +35 47 27.709515737 3.190 4.080 4.060 3.88 3.89 O7.5III(n)((f)) 850 0
45 SK -70 13 * 04 54 01.1591085504 -69 59 47.520410928 11.163 12.140 12.264 12.643 12.172 O9.7Iab 28 0
46 * alf Cam s*b 04 54 03.0113886719 +66 20 33.633625509 3.47 4.34 4.29 4.18 4.18 O9Ia 675 1
47 SK -66 18 Pu* 04 55 59.8226723496 -65 58 29.732367612 12.394 13.294 13.467   13.725 O6.5III((f)) 22 0
48 [L72] LH 9-73 EB* 04 56 29.5593006240 -66 28 20.980326828 12.994 13.821 14.035   14.247 O7.5V 12 0
49 PGMW 3053 * 04 56 41.0475516240 -66 24 40.537858536   13.04 13.13     O6II(f+) 19 0
50 PGMW 3168 * 04 56 54.4599428448 -66 24 15.867618408   13.57 13.68     O7II(f) 22 0
51 SK -69 50 s*b 04 57 15.0943771440 -69 20 19.952673936 12.163 13.204 13.366 12.86 13.385 O7(n)(f)p 26 0
52 SK -68 16 * 04 57 37.7906705568 -68 24 35.919929952 11.683 12.714 12.906   13.052 O7III 20 0
53 SK -71 8 * 05 07 23.2588955184 -71 11 53.964381372 12.243 12.995 13.156   13.299 B0II: 21 0
54 V* AE Aur Or* 05 16 18.1493304816 +34 18 44.344404000 5.48 6.18 5.96     O9.5V 597 1
55 BI 128 Pu* 05 18 19.7743040424 -65 49 14.638969236 12.796 13.447 13.745   14.055 O9V 15 0
56 HD 34656 Em* 05 20 43.0812017952 +37 26 19.195066068 5.87 6.77 6.76     O7.5II(f) 213 0
57 SK -71 19 * 05 22 15.7474585104 -71 21 39.298224096 13.153 14.031 14.227   14.436 O6IΠ 18 0
58 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
59 SK -67 101 * 05 25 56.2422042240 -67 30 28.813234608   12.46 12.63     O8II((f)) 41 1
60 BI 173 * 05 27 09.9440507208 -69 07 56.452079568 11.85 12.86 13.00     O7.5III((f))p 36 0
61 HD 35619 * 05 27 36.1458757248 +34 45 19.002906324 8.08 8.82 8.69     O7.5V((f))z 110 0
62 HD 35633 * 05 27 43.2841657992 +34 31 56.673906816 7.7 8.30 8.04     O8II(f) 62 0
63 SK -67 191 * 05 33 34.0158776232 -67 30 19.741489992 12.153 13.214 13.436   14.838 O8V 35 0
64 HD 271366 * 05 34 18.7215997272 -66 08 42.263514384 11.896 12.33 12.49   12.318 O7.5Ifp 16 0
65 * lam Ori A Em* 05 35 08.2760807112 +09 56 02.991326316 2.17 3.48 3.47     O8III((f)) 527 0
66 HD 36879 * 05 35 40.5264730272 +21 24 11.719601856 6.97 7.69 7.58     O7V(n)((f))z 157 0
67 HD 269889 Pu* 05 37 02.4204862512 -66 38 37.031705268 11.381 10.246 12.19   11.390 O9Ia 29 0
68 [M2002] LMC 168287 * 05 37 26.1759211680 -69 09 53.015651676   14.78 14.9     O9.7II((n)) 12 0
69 UCAC2 1803216 * 05 37 34.7984254896 -69 08 01.272592572   15.43 15.4 15.50   O9.2III 12 0
70 2MASS J05373664-6907318 s*b 05 37 36.6560452584 -69 07 31.823879304   13.44 13.58     O9.7Ib-II 16 0
71 VFTS 103 * 05 37 39.2380021560 -69 11 34.344680064   16.67 16.20     O8.5III((f)) 9 0
72 VFTS 151 SB* 05 37 46.520 -69 09 08.79           O6.5II(f)p 12 0
73 IRSF J05374670-6909112 ** 05 37 46.710 -69 09 11.27   15.36 15.30     O9III((n)) 10 0
74 [ST92] 1-65 SB* 05 37 47.800 -69 09 14.86   14.2 14.3     O9.5III((n)) 10 0
75 VFTS 172 SB* 05 37 50.130 -69 10 01.58           O9III((f)) 9 0
76 TYC 9163-983-1 s*b 05 37 51.0380396088 -69 09 33.877581660 12.00 12.46 12.77 12.89 12.46 O9.7Iab 21 0
77 [M2002] LMC 169451 * 05 37 51.9317264280 -69 09 20.752986060   14.52 14.7     O7.5III((f)) 12 0
78 VFTS 259 s*b 05 38 12.0226241304 -69 06 34.169386572   13.86 13.65     O6Iaf 12 0
79 Cl* NGC 2070 MEL 80 * 05 38 19.2539956920 -69 06 00.530661852   14.11 14.08     O8.5II((f)) 15 0
80 [P93] 696 * 05 38 39.2824305168 -69 07 52.995365580 15.253 15.843 15.567   15.039 O9III 13 0
81 Cl* NGC 2070 MEL 27 SB* 05 38 41.2976 -69 05 32.391   13.83 13.76   13.56 O9.7II 17 0
82 Cl* NGC 2070 MEL 27b SB* 05 38 41.380 -69 05 32.54   14.87 14.87     O9III 10 0
83 Cl* NGC 2070 SMB 266 * 05 38 41.810 -69 05 31.91   16.26 16.20     O6-7II(f) 11 0
84 RMC 136 Cl* 05 38 42.396 -69 06 03.36   5.81 5.40     ~ 2236 2
85 [P93] 1052 * 05 38 43.3816894056 -69 04 46.464971124   15.4 15.36     O8-9III:((n)) 13 0
86 W61 7-19 * 05 38 52.7246801448 -69 06 43.267945464 13.481 14.132 13.937   13.702 O7II(f) 26 0
87 W61 7-18 SB* 05 38 52.9704587472 -69 07 45.406012188 13.795 14.467 14.242   13.848 O8Ib(f) 18 0
88 CPD-69 470 s*b 05 39 14.5231705512 -69 16 42.471499440   12.35 12.26     O9.7IaNstr 20 0
89 VFTS 777 * 05 39 19.8942828888 -69 01 12.871039620   15.68 15.30     O9.2II 10 0
90 VFTS 782 * 05 39 23.8017720096 -69 10 54.525389988   15.83 15.47     O8.5III 10 0
91 VFTS 807 * 05 39 35.1323140392 -69 10 30.741949668   16.93 16.37     O9.5IIINstr 11 0
92 VFTS 819 * 05 39 37.8337763520 -69 13 33.031348968   17.19 16.79     ON8III((f)) 11 0
93 SK -71 50 * 05 40 43.1738709600 -71 29 00.676536072 12.479 13.142 13.445   13.537 O6.5III 28 0
94 SK -67 261 * 05 45 15.2384402424 -67 10 18.270371208 11.469 12.288 12.400   12.550 B0Ib 10 0
95 * mu. Col V* 05 45 59.8950238944 -32 18 23.162261796 3.84 4.90 5.18 5.30 5.57 O9.5V 523 0
96 HD 42088 * 06 09 39.5728368936 +20 29 15.450599580 6.73 7.58 7.57 8.45   O6V((f))z 257 0
97 HD 258691 * 06 30 33.3084227300 +04 41 27.532107066 9.78 10.27 9.70     O9.5V 36 0
98 HD 46056 Y*O 06 31 20.8608343776 +04 50 03.842554740 7.60 8.36 8.16 8.16 8.09 O8Vn 242 0
99 HD 46485 Y*O 06 33 50.9566745256 +04 31 31.613196504 7.92 8.60 8.27   8.10 O7V((f))nzvar? 162 0
100 HD 46966 ** 06 36 25.8880460976 +06 04 59.474397540 5.91 6.83 6.87     O8.5IV 218 0
101 HD 55879 * 07 14 28.2529558464 -10 18 58.483822572 4.88 5.85 6.03 7.35   O9.7III 180 0
102 HD 63005 * 07 45 49.0332176232 -26 29 31.436407572 8.29 9.12 9.13 9.64   O6.5IV 89 0
103 HD 66788 * 08 04 08.5403348976 -27 29 08.860666488 8.44 9.92 9.83 9.85   O8/9(Ib) 64 0
104 HD 74920 * 08 45 10.3405991688 -46 02 19.239667872 6.64 9.46 9.09 8.58   O7.5IVn((f)) 77 0
105 CD-44 4865 * 08 50 02.2858329192 -44 34 39.926878500 9.88 10.16 9.63 9.67   B0III 57 0
106 CD-43 4690 * 08 50 52.0461382848 -43 50 22.900242948 10.05 10.48 9.79 9.68   O7.5 35 0
107 HD 302505 * 10 05 20.5426689984 -58 44 20.696151660 9.41 9.95 9.89 9.79   B2 37 0
108 HD 90087 * 10 22 20.8753379544 -59 45 19.692781128 6.91 9.49 8.92 8.96   O9.2III(n) 102 1
109 HD 92504 * 10 39 36.8683124520 -57 27 40.634282304 7.47 8.38 8.46 9.296   O8.5V(n) 79 0
110 CD-58 3529 * 10 43 59.9072622960 -59 32 25.452459240 8.631 9.439 9.286 9.73 9.11 O7V((f))z 31 0
111 HD 93222 Y*O 10 44 36.2481200208 -60 05 28.890759120 7.26 8.18 8.10 8.91   O7V((f))z 212 0
112 HD 94963 Em* 10 56 35.7867321168 -61 42 32.287821516 6.35 7.17 7.26 8.10   O7II(f) 93 0
113 HD 97434 * 11 11 49.5794597256 -60 41 58.263437472 7.45 8.24 8.07 7.95 7.79 O7.5III(n)((f)) 76 0
114 HD 97848 * 11 14 31.9027108872 -59 01 28.842530124 7.66 8.59 8.60 9.43   O8V 90 0
115 HD 117490 * 13 32 08.5985517168 -60 48 55.484598312 8.13 8.94 8.92 9.52   ON9.5IIInn 47 0
116 HD 150574 * 16 44 07.2107267688 -46 08 29.843325168 8.01 8.74 8.50 9.30   ON9III(n) 72 0
117 HD 328856 * 16 46 33.3553009152 -47 04 50.959695432 8.32 9.95 9.48 9.19 8.485 O9.7II 48 1
118 HD 151515 SB* 16 49 48.2512632192 -42 00 06.177451752 6.77 7.48 7.30 7.11 6.88 O7II(f) 129 0
119 HD 152247 SB* 16 54 11.5173615984 -41 38 30.967835208 6.62 7.35 7.16 8.09   O9.2III 141 0
120 HD 152249 s*b 16 54 11.6395658856 -41 50 57.295111524 5.91 6.65 6.45     OC9Iab 254 0
121 HD 153426 * 17 01 13.0078001616 -38 12 11.886304536 6.79 7.61 7.47 8.49   O8.5III 104 0
122 HD 154368 s*b 17 06 28.3687759224 -35 27 03.760593156 6.10 6.63 6.13 7.12   O9.5Iab 316 0
123 HD 154643 SB* 17 08 13.9817547216 -35 00 15.671611152 6.76 7.42 7.20 8.23   O9.7III 62 1
124 HD 155806 Be* 17 15 19.2478670712 -33 32 54.299379012 4.61 5.52 5.53     O7.5V((f))z(e) 240 0
125 HD 156154 V* 17 17 27.0092259048 -35 32 12.001357572 8.19 8.64 8.04 8.94   O7.5Ib(f) 82 0
126 * 63 Oph * 17 54 54.0432011904 -24 53 13.544140416 5.35 6.24 6.20 7.33   O8II((f)) 185 0
127 HD 163800 * 17 58 57.2584170624 -22 31 03.165347496 6.61 7.27 7.00 6.68 6.49 O7.5III((f)) 161 0
128 HD 164492 Y*O 18 02 23.5527520992 -23 01 50.999556180 6.49 7.49 6.80 7.52   O7.5Vz 240 0
129 * 16 Sgr SB* 18 15 12.9690278832 -20 23 16.691046360 5.25 6.05 6.02 5.94 5.86 O9.5III 198 0
130 HD 167659 * 18 16 58.5644126712 -18 58 05.194091496 6.87 7.54 7.40 8.41   O7II-III(f) 112 0
131 HD 167771 SB* 18 17 28.5570708120 -18 27 48.424975128 5.81 6.65 6.54 7.43   O7III((f))+O8III 189 0
132 BD-13 4930 Y*O 18 18 52.6749052848 -13 49 42.634556148 9.04 9.71 9.45   8.968 O9.7V 116 0
133 HD 171589 Em* 18 36 12.6382414200 -14 06 55.832938524 7.91 8.60 8.28 7.95 7.74 O7.5II(f) 86 0
134 HD 175754 Em* 18 57 35.7085336776 -19 09 11.264191704 5.99 6.96 7.03     O8II(n)((f))p 152 0
135 HD 175876 * 18 58 10.7660947512 -20 25 25.541961636 5.79 6.82 6.94 6.93   O6.5III(n)(f) 154 0
136 HD 186980 * 19 46 15.9013838928 +32 06 58.165496820 6.72 7.56 7.48     O7.5III((f)) 127 0
137 HD 188209 s*b 19 51 59.0687638680 +47 01 38.419078944 4.61 5.55 5.63 5.54 5.64 O9.5Iab 322 0
138 * 9 Sge s*b 19 52 21.7649260368 +18 40 18.751320984 5.32 6.24 6.23     O7.5Iabf 308 1
139 HD 189957 * 20 01 00.0040048824 +42 00 30.822588756 6.93 7.84 7.82     O9.7III 110 0
140 HD 227757 * 20 07 12.7698932544 +36 21 33.434934012 8.63 9.41 9.27     O9.5V 64 0
141 HD 191423 * 20 08 07.1135347944 +42 36 21.962454480 7.43 8.19 8.03     ON9II-IIInn 119 0
142 HD 192639 s*b 20 14 30.4275801672 +37 21 13.816276704 6.83 7.46 7.11     O7.5Iabf 309 0
143 HD 228841 Em* 20 18 29.6946566952 +38 52 39.774824724 9.08 9.50 9.01     O6.5Vn((f)) 66 0
144 HD 193443 SB* 20 18 51.7093796362 +38 16 46.504188062 7.11 7.59 7.26     O8.5III:((f))+O9.2:IV: 149 0
145 HD 199579 Y*O 20 56 34.7779063080 +44 55 29.000891928 5.16 6.01 5.96     O6.5V((f))z 375 0
146 HD 201345 * 21 07 55.4150161776 +33 23 49.228548972   7.611 7.764     ON9.2IV 186 0
147 * 68 Cyg SB* 21 18 27.1862219256 +43 56 45.399147864 4.05 4.99 5.00     O7.5IIIn((f)) 383 0
148 HD 206183 * 21 38 26.2840588344 +56 58 25.459055868 6.75 7.55 7.41     O9.5IV-V 103 0
149 HD 207198 Y*? 21 44 53.2791389640 +62 27 38.048647248 5.61 6.25 5.94 5.66 5.49 O8.5II 365 0
150 * 19 Cep * 22 05 08.7897533088 +62 16 47.332569936 4.36 5.19 5.11 4.95 4.92 O9Ib 397 0
151 * lam Cep s*b 22 11 30.5765111040 +59 24 52.154264880 4.55 5.29 5.05 4.77 4.62 O6.5I(n)fp 705 1
152 HD 210809 s*b 22 11 38.6004719208 +52 25 47.950615308 6.7 7.61 7.56     O9Iab 223 0
153 * 10 Lac ** 22 39 15.6786372 +39 03 00.971152 3.650 4.670 4.880 4.98 5.19 O9V 790 0
154 HD 218195 ** 23 05 12.93161 +58 14 29.3496 7.91     8.811   O8.5III 80 0
155 HD 218915 s*b 23 11 06.9483955128 +53 03 29.652921252 6.32 7.22 7.20     O9.2Iab 206 1

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