2024AJ....167..289H

Query : 2024AJ....167..289H

2024AJ....167..289H - Astron. J., 167, 289 (2024/June-0)

The Discovery and Follow-up of Four Transiting Short-period Sub-Neptunes Orbiting M Dwarfs.

HORI Y., FUKUI A., HIRANO T., NARITA N., DE LEON J.P., ISHIKAWA H.T., HARTMAN J.D., MORELLO G., ABREU GARCIA N., ALVAREZ-HERNANDEZ L., BEJAR V.J.S., CALATAYUD-BORRAS Y., CARLEO I., ENOC G., ESPARZA-BORGES E., FUKUDA I., GALAN D., GERALDIA-GONZALEZ S., HAYASHI Y., IKOMA M., IKUTA K., ISOGAI K., KAGETANI T., KAWAI Y., KAWAUCHI K., KIMURA T., KODAMA T., KORTH J., KUSAKABE N., LAZA-RAMOS A., LIVINGSTON J.H., LUQUE R., MIYAKAWA K., MORI M., MURGAS F., ORELL-MIQUEL J., PALLE E., PARVIAINEN H., PELAEZ-TORRES A., PUIG-SUBIRA M., SANCHEZ-BENAVENTE M., SOSA-GUILLEN P., STANGRET M., TERADA Y., MUNOZ TORRES S., WATANABE N., BAKOS G.A., BARKAOUI K., BEICHMAN C., BENKHALDOUN Z., BOYLE A.W., CIARDI D.R., CLARK C.A., COLLINS K.A., COLLINS K.I., CONTI D.M., CROSSFIELD I.J.M., EVERETT M.E., FURLAN E., GHACHOUI M., GILLON M., GONZALES E.J., HIGUERA J., HORNE K., HOWELL S.B., JEHIN E., LESTER K.V., LUND M.B., MATSON R., MATTHEWS E.C., POZUELOS F.J., SAFONOV B.S., SCHLIEDER J.E., SCHWARZ R.P., SEFAKO R., SRDOC G., STRAKHOV I.A., TIMMERMANS M., WAALKES W.C., ZIEGLER C., CHARBONNEAU D., ESSACK Z., GUERRERO N.M., HARAKAWA H., HEDGES C., ISHIZUKA M., JENKINS J.M., KONISHI M., KOTANI T., KUDO T., KUROKAWA T., KUZUHARA M., NISHIKAWA J., OMIYA M., RICKER G.R., SEAGER S., SERIZAWA T., STRIEGEL S., TAMURA M., UEDA A., VANDERSPEK R., VIEVARD S. and WINN J.N.

Abstract (from CDS):

Sub-Neptunes with radii of 2-3R⊕ are intermediate in size between rocky planets and Neptune-sized planets. The orbital properties and bulk compositions of transiting sub-Neptunes provide clues to the formation and evolution of close-in small planets. In this paper, we present the discovery and follow-up of four sub-Neptunes orbiting M dwarfs (TOI-782, TOI-1448, TOI-2120, and TOI-2406), three of which were newly validated by ground-based follow-up observations and statistical analyses. TOI-782 b, TOI-1448 b, TOI-2120 b, and TOI-2406 b have radii of ${R}_{{\rm{p}}}={2.740}_{-0.079}^{+0.082}\,{R}_{\oplus }$, ${2.769}_{-0.068}^{+0.073}\,{R}_{\oplus }$, 2.120 ± 0.067 R⊕, and ${2.830}_{-0.066}^{+0.068}\,{R}_{\oplus }$ and orbital periods of P = 8.02, 8.11, 5.80, and 3.08 days, respectively. Doppler monitoring with the Subaru/InfraRed Doppler instrument led to 2σ upper limits on the masses of <19.1 M⊕, <19.5 M⊕, <6.8 M⊕, and <15.6 M⊕ for TOI-782 b, TOI-1448 b, TOI-2120 b, and TOI-2406 b, respectively. The mass-radius relationship of these four sub-Neptunes testifies to the existence of volatile material in their interiors. These four sub-Neptunes, which are located above the so-called “radius valley,” are likely to retain a significant atmosphere and/or an icy mantle on the core, such as a water world. We find that at least three of the four sub-Neptunes (TOI-782 b, TOI-2120 b, and TOI-2406 b), orbiting M dwarfs older than 1 Gyr, are likely to have eccentricities of e ∼ 0.2-0.3. The fact that tidal circularization of their orbits is not achieved over 1 Gyr suggests inefficient tidal dissipation in their interiors.

Abstract Copyright: © 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Exoplanets - Mini Neptunes - Radial velocity - Transit photometry - Tides - M dwarf stars

Simbad objects: 16

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Number of rows : 16
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 LP 645-50 PM* 00 35 13.2191111363 -03 22 14.288032174     16.66     M4V 18 0
2 NAME LP 645-50b Pl 00 35 13.2191111363 -03 22 14.288032174           ~ 9 0
3 G 244-27 PM* 01 34 00.9925770987 +65 30 53.695181038   17.7   14.5   M4.5V 15 0
4 NAME G 244-27b Pl 01 34 00.9925770987 +65 30 53.695181038           ~ 4 0
5 2MASS J01340203+6530469 * 01 34 01.9830455155 +65 30 46.812836255           ~ 1 0
6 NAME Teegarden's Star LM* 02 53 00.8917932409 +16 52 52.632190137   17.21 15.14 13.03 10.65 dM6 207 0
7 K2-25b Pl 04 13 05.6131374072 +15 14 52.018080576           ~ 108 0
8 NAME L 231-32d Pl 04 33 39.7200127728 -51 57 22.435373160           ~ 128 0
9 TOI-269b Pl 05 03 23.0610114456 -54 10 37.924879404           ~ 25 0
10 CoRoT-7b Pl 06 43 49.4690164104 -01 03 46.826642700           ~ 422 1
11 K2-18b Pl 11 30 14.5177445592 +07 35 18.255348492           ~ 303 0
12 TOI-782 PM* 12 15 41.0655809604 -18 54 36.648810142   16.359 14.830 14.306   ~ 9 0
13 TOI-782b Pl 12 15 41.0655809604 -18 54 36.648810142           ~ 3 0
14 TOI-1448b Pl 21 05 17.7909630460 +57 46 16.943239680           ~ 4 0
15 TOI-1448 PM* 21 05 17.7909630460 +57 46 16.943239680   17.102 15.678 15.373   M3V 9 0
16 TRAPPIST-1 LM* 23 06 29.3684948589 -05 02 29.037301866     18.798 16.466 14.024 M7.5e 1306 0

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