2024ApJ...966..121L

The reappearance of supernova Refsdal with detailed modeling of the lens cluster allows us to measure the time-delay distance, which serves as a powerful tool to determine the Hubble constant (H₀). We give a cosmological-model-independent method to estimate H₀ through Gaussian process regression, using time-delay measurements from this lensed supernova in combination with supernova data from the Pantheon+ sample. Using eight mass models for the lens cluster, we infer ${H}_{0}={64.2}_{-4.3}^{+4.4}\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$, and using two cluster models most consistent with the observations, we infer ${H}_{0}={66.3}_{-3.6}^{+3.8}\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$. Our estimates of the value of H₀ are in 1σ agreement with the results assuming a flat ΛCDM model and the uncertainties are comparable. Our constraint results on H₀ from the eight lens models and the two lens models indicate 2σ and 1.8σ tensions with that estimated by Supernova H0 for the Equation of State, respectively. However, our median values of H₀ from the two sets of lens models show good consistency with H₀ inferred from Planck cosmic microwave background observations assuming a ΛCDM model within 1σ. We also find that our results for H₀ indicate 2σ deviations and 1.7σ deviations from the constraint results of H₀ using six time-delay quasars by H0LiCOW with the same analysis method.