2024ApJ...966..230K

We investigate the role of magnetic field on the gas dynamics in a galactic bulge region by three-dimensional simulations with radiative cooling and heating. While a high-temperature corona with T > 10⁶ K is formed in the halo regions, the temperature near the midplane is ≲10⁴ K following the thermal equilibrium curve determined by the radiative cooling and heating. Although the thermal energy of the interstellar gas is lost by radiative cooling, the saturation level of the magnetic field strength does not significantly depend on the radiative cooling and heating. The magnetic field strength is amplified to 10 μG on average and reaches several hundred microgauss locally. We find the formation of magnetically dominated regions at midlatitudes in the case with the radiative cooling and heating, which is not seen in the case without radiative effect. The vertical thickness of the midlatitude regions is 50-150 pc at the radial location of 0.4-0.8 kpc from the Galactic center, which is comparable to the observed vertical distribution of neutral atomic gas. When we take the average of different components of energy density integrated over the galactic bulge region, the magnetic energy is comparable to the thermal energy. We conclude that the magnetic field plays a substantial role in controlling the dynamical and thermal properties of the galactic bulge region.