2024MNRAS.529.1321B

The new hyperfine-resolved HyVO line lists for vanadium monoxide (⁵¹V¹⁶O) are presented. The new line list considers 15 electronic states and comprises almost 59 billion transitions between 3.4 million energy levels, up to 45 000 cm^–1. Empirical energy levels obtained through the MARVEL procedure are used to update calculated values to experimental accuracy, making the line list well suited for high-resolution experiments. Machine learning is utilized to refine the energies of levels in important bands, where empirical values are not known. These updates allow for the accurate prediction of line positions in regions of astrophysical interest, particularly in strong rovibronic bands in the infrared and visible. Previously published ab initio transition dipole moment curves are adjusted based on experimental lifetime measurements, resulting in increased intensities in key regions. The line list covers levels up to F = 150 and is complete up to 5400 K, making it well suited for studies of ultra-hot Jupiter and M-type stellar atmospheres where VO is believed to be a strong source of opacities. The full line list is made available via www.exomol.com.