2024MNRAS.529.2559V

Query : 2024MNRAS.529.2559V

2024MNRAS.529.2559V - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 529, 2559-2576 (2024/April-2)

Establishing accretion flares from supermassive black holes as a source of high-energy neutrinos.

VAN VELZEN S., STEIN R., GILFANOV M., KOWALSKI M., HAYASAKI K., REUSCH S., YAO Y., GARRAPPA S., FRANCKOWIAK A., GEZARI S., NORDIN J., FREMLING C., SHARMA Y., YAN L., KOOL E.C., STERN D., VERES P.M., SOLLERMAN J., MEDVEDEV P., SUNYAEV R., BELLM E.C., DEKANY R.G., DUEV D.A., GRAHAM M.J., KASLIWAL M.M., KULKARNI S.R., LAHER R.R., RIDDLE R.L. and RUSHOLME B.

Abstract (from CDS):

The origin of cosmic high-energy neutrinos remains largely unexplained. For high-energy neutrino alerts from IceCube, a coincidence with time-variable emission has been seen for three different types of accreting black holes: (1) a gamma-ray flare from a blazar (TXS 0506+056), (2) an optical transient following a stellar tidal disruption event (TDE; AT2019dsg), and (3) an optical outburst from an active galactic nucleus (AGN; AT2019fdr). For the latter two sources, infrared follow-up observations revealed a powerful reverberation signal due to dust heated by the flare. This discovery motivates a systematic study of neutrino emission from all supermassive black hole with similar dust echoes. Because dust reprocessing is agnostic to the origin of the outburst, our work unifies TDEs and high-amplitude flares from AGN into a population that we dub accretion flares. Besides the two known events, we uncover a third flare that is coincident with a PeV-scale neutrino (AT2019aalc). Based solely on the optical and infrared properties, we estimate a significance of 3.6σ for this association of high-energy neutrinos with three accretion flares. Our results imply that at least ∼10 per cent of the IceCube high-energy neutrino alerts could be due to accretion flares. This is surprising because the sum of the fluence of these flares is at least three orders of magnitude lower compared to the total fluence of normal AGN. It thus appears that the efficiency of high-energy neutrino production in accretion flares is increased compared to non-flaring AGN. We speculate that this can be explained by the high Eddington ratio of the flares.

Abstract Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): neutrinos - galaxies: active - transients: tidal disruption events

Simbad objects: 114

goto Full paper

goto View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 114
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 AT 2019msq ev 00 16 44.160 +06 22 48.32           ~ 2 0
2 IceCube-190922B ev 00 19.2 -01 55           ~ 10 0
3 IceCube-201209A ev 00 22.7 -09 04           ~ 19 0
4 AT 2019aami ev 00 35 43.466 +47 15 33.32           ~ 2 0
5 AT 2019ihv ev 01 07 47.921 +24 28 48.32           ~ 1 0
6 IceCube-191122A ev 01 48.1 +00 04           ~ 10 0
7 IceCube-200929A ev 01 57.4 +03 18           ~ 16 0
8 IceCube-201130A ev 02 02.9 -11 55           ~ 22 0
9 IceCube-200614A ev 02 15.4 +31 37           ~ 13 0
10 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4897 2
11 AT 2020afab SN* 02 53 20.17910 +44 18 05.4774           ~ 3 0
12 SN 2020iq SN* 02 55 19.71878 -11 24 48.5968           ~ 3 0
13 IceCube-191231A ev 03 13.9 +20 07           ~ 16 0
14 IceCube-200911A ev 03 24.4 +38 07           ~ 15 0
15 AT 2019pev CV? 04 29 22.7162030809 +00 37 07.516251497           ~ 24 0
16 AT 2018kox ev 04 43 10.410 -04 18 11.09           ~ 1 0
17 AT 2019qiz ev 04 46 37.880 -10 13 34.92           ~ 143 0
18 2MASS J04581911-0746047 G 04 58 19.1219067681 -07 46 04.604268637           ~ 3 0
19 AT 2020afae ev 05 04 55.941 +09 09 15.05           ~ 1 0
20 IceCube-190712A ev 05 05.8 +13 04           ~ 16 0
21 PMN J0509+0541 BLL 05 09 25.9644373872 +05 41 35.333820420 15.32 14.95 14.78 15.12   ~ 589 2
22 IceCube-191204A ev 05 20.6 +02 52           ~ 11 0
23 IceCube-200421A ev 05 51.7 +08 14           ~ 13 0
24 IceCube-200926A ev 06 25.8 -05 05           ~ 18 0
25 IceCube-200425A ev 06 39.9 +53 43           ~ 11 0
26 AT 2020atq ev 06 49 17.649 +62 30 48.24           ~ 1 0
27 AT 2020afad ev 06 55 18.074 +58 59 04.90           ~ 1 0
28 IceCube-201114A ev 06 57.8 +06 23           ~ 33 0
29 IceCube-200916A ev 07 19.1 +14 22           ~ 17 0
30 IceCube-200117A ev 07 44.1 +29 11           ~ 18 0
31 AT 2018lcp SN? 07 50 50.020 +01 21 30.06           ~ 3 0
32 AT 2018ige ev 07 54 33.132 +09 29 38.85           ~ 1 0
33 IceCube-190503A ev 08 01.1 +06 21           ~ 18 0
34 AT 2019qpt ev 08 01 25.770 +24 55 45.98           ~ 1 0
35 AT 2020mw ev 08 10 47.276 +11 31 16.07           ~ 1 0
36 AT 2019avd Sy1 08 23 36.80 +04 23 03.4           ~ 47 0
37 AT 2021aeug ev 08 53 07.436 -28 06 00.95           ~ 1 0
38 AT 2019aamf ev 08 57 01.476 +33 54 53.96           ~ 4 0
39 AT 2018lof ev 09 01 00.891 +35 38 07.94           ~ 1 0
40 AT 2019hdy ev 09 29 50.820 +19 29 34.84           ~ 1 0
41 IceCube-200615A ev 09 32.6 +03 19           ~ 15 0
42 IceCube-180908A ev 09 38.3 -02 08           ~ 10 0
43 IceCube-200107A ev 09 55 07.90 +35 51 00.9           ~ 30 0
44 IceCube-190819A ev 09 55.2 +01 23           ~ 18 0
45 AT 2019cyq ev 09 56 06.060 +19 32 56.54           ~ 1 0
46 IceCube-200806A ev 10 29.0 +47 45           ~ 11 0
47 AT 2019dqv ev 10 43 30.060 +51 21 28.98           ~ 1 0
48 Fermi J1045.3+2751 ev 10 47.4 +27 07           ~ 20 0
49 IceCube-200620A ev 10 48.4 +11 57           ~ 17 0
50 AT 2019xgg ev 10 49 08.218 +37 13 15.96           ~ 1 0
51 IceCube-200109A ev 10 58.0 +11 52           ~ 22 0
52 AT 2020hle ev 11 07 42.871 +74 38 02.16           ~ 5 0
53 IceCube-190922A ev 11 09.7 -22 23           ~ 7 0
54 AT 2019dll ev 11 41 23.502 +21 56 12.69           ~ 2 0
55 AT 2021aetz ev 11 43 19.420 +12 24 17.75           ~ 1 0
56 AT 2021aeue ev 11 58 17.273 -30 27 54.90           ~ 1 0
57 IceCube-200926B ev 12 19.0 +32 56           ~ 12 0
58 AT 2019gur ev 12 31 18.065 +23 42 25.73           ~ 1 0
59 AT 2019dzh ev 12 31 18.065 +23 42 25.73           ~ 1 0
60 SN 2020aeuh SN* 12 35 51.853 +37 42 12.53           SNIa 5 0
61 AT 2021aeuf ev 12 44 06.828 +47 26 42.49           ~ 2 0
62 AT 2021aeud ev 12 45 57.543 -18 31 11.71           ~ 1 0
63 IceCube-201115A ev 12 59.0 +02 28           ~ 19 0
64 IceCube-200921A ev 13 01.2 +26 14           ~ 13 0
65 AT 2018lhv ev 13 05 24.912 +21 57 16.07           ~ 1 0
66 IceCube-201222A ev 13 47.6 +13 16           ~ 16 0
67 AT 2019mss ev 13 48 24.580 +08 31 43.32           ~ 1 0
68 AT 2019idm ev 13 52 46.860 +20 24 43.85           ~ 1 0
69 AT 2018jut ev 13 54 08.310 +13 01 56.10           ~ 2 0
70 AT 2020afaa ev 13 58 40.896 +24 42 43.02           ~ 1 0
71 AT 2021aeuj ev 14 13 15.845 +54 19 25.48           ~ 1 0
72 AT 2020aezy ev 14 13 20.313 +44 19 00.50           ~ 2 0
73 AT 2019aame ev 14 20 12.436 +31 53 39.06           ~ 1 0
74 AT 2019brs ev 14 27 46.400 +29 30 38.27           ~ 16 0
75 IceCube-201014A ev 14 44.9 +14 26           ~ 16 0
76 QSO B1502+1041 Bla 15 04 24.97978391 +10 29 39.1985309   18.97 18.56 18.94   ~ 634 1
77 QSO J1505+0326 Bla 15 05 06.47716039 +03 26 30.8125704   19.02 18.62 17.72   ~ 278 1
78 QSO B1509+022 Bla 15 12 15.7418011536 +02 03 16.978221972   18.94 18.31 16.6   ~ 149 1
79 IceCube-191119A ev 15 20.4 +03 10           ~ 24 0
80 Z 49-155 Sy1 15 24 16.6702264008 +04 51 19.027331064   16.70 16.26     ~ 70 0
81 AT 2018dyk ev 15 33 08.01 +44 32 08.2           ~ 33 0
82 IceCube-200410A ev 16 10.3 +11 37           ~ 16 0
83 AT 2021aeuk ev 16 12 59.842 +42 19 40.25           ~ 14 0
84 AT 2016eix ev 16 18 51.945 +63 10 24.15           ~ 1 0
85 AT 2019kqu ev 16 32 14.850 +33 34 12.76           ~ 1 0
86 IceCube-200530A ev 17 03.3 +26 48           ~ 31 0
87 SN 2019fdr SN* 17 09 06.859 +26 51 20.50           SLSN-II 48 0
88 IceCube-201021A ev 17 23.3 +14 33           ~ 20 0
89 IceCube-201221A ev 17 26.8 +41 49           ~ 21 0
90 IceCube-201007A ev 17 40.7 +05 09           ~ 17 0
91 AT 2020aezz ev 17 48 15.646 +55 14 13.11           ~ 1 0
92 AT 2019cle ev 17 51 01.113 +14 55 06.23           ~ 2 0
93 AT 2018lzs ev 17 52 55.975 +58 38 11.19           ~ 1 0
94 AT 2020afac ev 17 53 40.175 +55 51 27.13           ~ 1 0
95 IceCube-181023A ev 18 00.7 -08 34           ~ 11 0
96 AT 2019aamg ev 18 08 12.961 +50 47 12.24           ~ 1 0
97 AT 2019hbh ev 18 33 19.417 +34 41 03.20           ~ 1 0
98 IceCube-191215A ev 19 07.3 +58 27           ~ 10 0
99 RX J1927.3+6533 Sy2 19 27 19.5393064368 +65 33 54.335877408     15.4     ~ 147 0
100 IceCube-200512A ev 19 40.7 +15 47           ~ 11 0
101 IceCube-201120A ev 20 30.6 +40 43           ~ 16 0
102 IceCube-191001A ev 20 56.3 +12 56           ~ 37 0
103 2MASX J20570298+1412165 G 20 57 02.9650698480 +14 12 16.295014080           ~ 162 0
104 SN 2019meh SN* 21 27 17.456 +64 24 59.18           SLSN-II 5 0
105 AT 2019nni ev 21 53 18.526 -19 13 38.36           ~ 1 0
106 AT 2019aamh ev 22 13 04.616 +23 33 43.28           ~ 1 0
107 AT 2019thh ev 22 27 58.450 +18 19 19.45           ~ 1 0
108 IceCube-190331A ev 22 30.7 -20 42           ~ 15 0
109 IceCube-200523A ev 22 34.6 +01 45           ~ 8 0
110 IceCube-190619A ev 22 53.0 +10 44           ~ 21 0
111 AT 2021aeui ev 23 12 26.984 -21 44 21.43           ~ 1 0
112 AT 2019wrd ev 23 43 55.550 +31 22 37.74           ~ 1 0
113 AT 2019nna ev 23 48 38.469 +19 15 46.09           ~ 1 0
114 AT 2019ihu ev 23 54 57.101 +00 42 19.95           ~ 1 0

To bookmark this query, right click on this link: simbad:objects in 2024MNRAS.529.2559V and select 'bookmark this link' or equivalent in the popup menu