2024MNRAS.532.1547C

Query : 2024MNRAS.532.1547C

2024MNRAS.532.1547C - Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 532, 1547-1563 (2024/August-1)

Survey of extended main-sequence turn-offs in galactic open clusters: stellar rotations from Gaia RVS spectra.

CORDONI G., CASAGRANDE L., YU J., MILONE A.P., MARINO A.F., D'ANTONA F., DELL'AGLI F., BUDER S. and TAILO M.

Abstract (from CDS):

The origin of extended main-sequence turn-offs (eMSTO) in star clusters younger than 2 Gyr still challenges our current understanding of stellar evolution. Exploiting data from Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3), we investigate eMSTOs in a large sample of 32 Galactic open clusters younger than 2.4 Gyr. We first validate Gaia rotational velocities from radial velocity spectrometer spectra by comparing them with literature values and assessing their correlation with magnetic activity measurements from LAMOST spectra. We detect a general positive correlation between turn-off colour and projected stellar rotation, with slow-rotating stars predominantly found on the bluer side of the turn-off. Comparing our observations with theoretical models, we find that the eMSTO morphology is well reproduced by a single population formed with a high rotation rate, and observed with rotation axis inclination ranging between 0° (pole-on) and 90° (edge-on). This contrasts with observations of Magellanic Cloud clusters, where a population of non-rotating stars appears to be ubiquitous in clusters younger than 700 Myr. However, we note that our interpretation, while successfully explaining the overall eMSTO morphology, cannot fully explain the observed projected rotational velocities. Additionally, two young clusters, NGC 3532 and NGC 2287, exhibit moderate evidence of a split-main sequence in colour and rotation, suggesting a possible small spread in the initial rotation rate. Finally, we advise caution in determining the ages of young clusters from non-rotating isochrones, as neglecting the effects of stellar rotation can impact the isochrone dating by up to factors of 5-20 per cent.

Abstract Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Stars: evolution - Hertzsprung-Russell and colour-magnitude diagrams - Stars: rotation - open clusters and associations: general

Simbad objects: 59

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Number of rows : 59
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
2 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
3 NGC 1245 OpC 03 14 44.3 +47 14 06   9.16 8.4     ~ 171 0
4 Cl Melotte 20 MGr 03 26 50.6 +48 51 48           ~ 928 0
5 Cl Melotte 22 OpC 03 46 38.0 +24 10 41           ~ 3679 0
6 UCAC4 684-025539 * 04 00 21.1662562979 +46 41 45.235119094   12.631 11.753 11.613   ~ 15 0
7 NGC 1664 OpC 04 50 59.3 +43 39 48           ~ 143 0
8 NGC 1818 GlC 05 04 13.300 -66 26 05.47           ~ 279 0
9 NGC 1817 OpC 05 12 33.9 +16 41 34           ~ 210 0
10 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
11 M 37 OpC 05 52 18.6 +32 32 36           ~ 436 0
12 M 41 OpC 06 46 03.1 -20 43 07   4.89 4.5     ~ 308 0
13 NGC 2281 OpC 06 48 19.7 +41 02 35   6.05 5.4     ~ 182 0
14 NGC 2323 OpC 07 02 47.3 -08 22 07           ~ 212 0
15 NGC 2358 OpC 07 17 02.6 -17 08 44           ~ 44 1
16 NGC 2360 OpC 07 17 45.8 -15 38 21           ~ 213 0
17 NGC 2423 OpC 07 37 11.3 -13 51 45           ~ 175 0
18 Cl Melotte 71 OpC 07 37 31.3 -12 03 42   7.44 7.1     ~ 149 0
19 NGC 2420 OpC 07 38 24.6 +21 34 26   9.0 8.3     ~ 523 0
20 NGC 2447 OpC 07 44 34.6 -23 51 22           ~ 170 1
21 NGC 2527 OpC 08 05 02.4 -28 07 06   6.81 6.5     ~ 119 0
22 Cl* NGC 2548 WTB 243 * 08 11 50.0332932876 -05 56 33.653945418   11.73 11.63     ~ 13 0
23 Cl* NGC 2548 WTB 81 Em* 08 12 12.9768011687 -05 25 34.847618013   11.22 11.16     A1IV 17 0
24 HD 68440 * 08 12 13.5555775704 -05 33 45.957934044   10.37 10.27     K1(IV) 17 0
25 Cl Haffner 22 OpC 08 12 25.9 -27 53 57           ~ 32 0
26 Cl* NGC 2548 WTB 69 * 08 12 31.4220471907 -05 23 35.170351778   11.74 11.59     ~ 19 0
27 NGC 2548 897 * 08 12 55.4852889384 -05 29 43.469993076   11.11 11.21     ~ 15 0
28 NGC 2548 1012 * 08 13 09.5130101524 -05 27 01.168097270   10.66 10.58     ~ 17 0
29 Cl* NGC 2548 GN 9 * 08 13 13.8292671158 -05 56 38.214013869   10.72 10.49     A0 22 0
30 Cl* NGC 2548 BJG 1843 * 08 13 17.8239886680 -05 31 48.674739036   11.48 11.30 11.34   ~ 17 0
31 NGC 2548 OpC 08 13 34.0 -05 43 11           ~ 227 0
32 BD-05 2429 SB* 08 13 39.6474022824 -05 47 14.865060120   9.936 9.807     A3 22 0
33 Cl* NGC 2548 WTB 10 * 08 13 46.5798636318 -05 02 50.109714797   10.77 10.77     ~ 11 0
34 NGC 2548 1362 * 08 13 52.1194999738 -05 54 20.466868256   10.58 10.50     A3 23 0
35 NGC 2548 1443 Em* 08 14 02.6034653061 -05 24 16.995990724   11.19 11.06     A5V 18 0
36 NGC 2548 1470 * 08 14 05.4030666240 -05 56 32.317549332   11.00 10.73     A0 22 0
37 NGC 2548 1592 * 08 14 22.7504857129 -05 42 18.550035103   12.40 11.89     ~ 20 0
38 NGC 2548 1632 * 08 14 28.1196923496 -06 02 46.579671924   10.99 10.71     ~ 18 0
39 NGC 2548 1815 * 08 14 56.3723371920 -05 40 32.923740324   11.44 11.12     ~ 15 0
40 Cl Haffner 26 OpC 08 15 35.7 -30 51 06           ~ 37 0
41 Cl* NGC 2548 WTB 138 Em* 08 16 01.2642049334 -05 38 02.447280926   11.69 11.56     A5V 15 0
42 Cl* NGC 2548 WTB 144 * 08 16 05.0358492789 -05 39 18.034668411   11.05 10.87     ~ 14 0
43 Cl* NGC 2548 WTB 76 * 08 17 33.8278192896 -05 24 35.491205664   12.38 11.88     ~ 5 0
44 K2-100 Ro* 08 38 24.3002838928 +20 06 21.828057218   11.085 10.521     G2 141 0
45 NGC 2632 OpC 08 39 58.4 +19 36 33           ~ 1733 0
46 Cl* NGC 2632 JS 738 Ro* 08 42 45.2442843550 +18 51 36.246911876   11.59 10.71     G2.6 34 0
47 NGC 2658 OpC 08 43 27.6 -32 39 50     9.2     ~ 55 0
48 NGC 2818 OpC 09 16 10.8 -36 37 09           ~ 108 1
49 NGC 3114 OpC 10 01 55.0 -60 02 16   4.47 4.2     ~ 213 0
50 NGC 3532 OpC 11 05 33.9 -58 42 13           ~ 414 0
51 IC 2714 OpC 11 17 30.9 -62 43 09     8.2     ~ 110 0
52 NGC 5822 OpC 15 04 08.3 -54 21 52           ~ 238 0
53 NGC 6208 OpC 16 49 20.5 -53 43 27   8.06 7.2     ~ 94 0
54 Cl Harvard 17 OpC 17 41 20.5 -40 09 24     7.5     ~ 41 0
55 NGC 6705 OpC 18 51 03.7 -06 16 18   6.32 5.8     ~ 442 0
56 Cl Collinder 394 OpC 18 52 34.9 -20 10 39     6.3     ~ 96 0
57 TYC 6289-835-1 * 18 53 44.2338112728 -19 40 59.326034988   11.57 11.45     ~ 8 0
58 NGC 6940 OpC 20 34 28.4 +28 17 07           ~ 215 0
59 NGC 7209 OpC 22 04 50.7 +46 30 11   8.24 7.7     ~ 144 0

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