2025A&A...693A.175P

Query : 2025A&A...693A.175P

2025A&A...693A.175P - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 693A175 (2025/1-1)

The physical properties of cluster chains.

POSCH L., ALVES J., MIRET-ROIG N., RATZENBOCK S., GROSSSCHEDL J., MEINGAST S., SWIGGUM C. and KONIETZKA R.

Abstract (from CDS):

We explore the kinematics and star formation history of the Scorpius Centaurus (Sco-Cen) OB association following the initial identification of sequential, linearly aligned chains of clusters. Building upon our characterization of the Corona Australis (CrA) chain, we now analyze two additional major cluster chains that exhibit similar characteristics: the Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC) and Upper Scorpius (Upper Sco) chains. All three cluster chains display distinct sequential patterns in (1) the 3D spatial distribution, (2) age, (3) velocity, and (4) mass. The Upper-Sco chain is the most massive and complex cluster chain, possibly consisting of two or more overlapping subchains. We discuss the possible formation of cluster chains and argue for a scenario where feedback from the most massive star formation episode 15 Myr ago initiated the formation of these spatio-temporal cluster sequences. Our results identify cluster chains as a distinct type of stellar structure with well-defined physical properties, formed in environments capable of sustaining stellar feedback over timescales of 5-10 Myr. We find that around 40% of the stellar population in Sco-Cen formed due to triggered star formation, with 35% forming along the three cluster chains. We conclude that cluster chains could be common structures in OB associations, particularly in regions that have similar natal environments as Sco-Cen. Beyond their significance for star formation and stellar feedback, they appear to be promising laboratories for chemical enrichment and the transport of elements from one generation to the next in the same star-forming region.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2025

Journal keyword(s): stars: formation - stars: kinematics and dynamics - ISM: kinematics and dynamics - open clusters and associations: individual: Scorpius-Centaurus

Simbad objects: 39

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Number of rows : 39
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 Cl Melotte 20 MGr 03 26 50.6 +48 51 48           ~ 928 0
2 * gam02 Vel WR* 08 09 31.95013 -47 20 11.7108 0.64 1.58 1.83 1.85 2.00 WC8+O7.5III-V 951 0
3 Cl Mamajek 1 OpC 08 42 32.9 -78 57 47           ~ 392 0
4 V* TW Hya TT* 11 01 51.9053285064 -34 42 17.033218380   11.94 10.50 10.626 9.18 K6Ve 2144 1
5 NAME Cha 1 MoC 11 06 48 -77 18.0           ~ 1266 1
6 NAME Chamaeleon Region SFR 11 55 -78.0           ~ 887 0
7 V* T Cha Or* 11 57 13.5245085552 -79 21 31.530508884   10.00 11.86     K0e 304 1
8 NAME eps Cha Association OpC 11 59 51 -78 12.4           ~ 188 0
9 NAME Lower Centaurus Crux As* 12 19 -57.1           ~ 565 1
10 NAME Musca Cld 12 23 -71.3           ~ 258 0
11 * alf Cru SB* 12 26 35.89522 -63 05 56.7343           B0.5IV+B1V 99 0
12 * sig Cen ** 12 28 02.3821158564 -50 13 50.296708174 2.95 3.72 3.91 4.02 4.22 B2V 175 0
13 NAME Cha III MoC 12 37.8 -80 15           ~ 147 2
14 NAME Cha II MoC 12 54 -77.2           ~ 361 0
15 * phi01 Lup PM* 15 21 48.3695971307 -36 15 40.943845073   5.076 3.546     K4III 103 0
16 NAME Upper Centaurus Lupus MGr 15 24 -41.9           ~ 567 1
17 Lupus 1 Cld 15 43 02.1 -34 09 06           ~ 320 0
18 * rho Sco SB* 15 56 53.0772000457 -29 12 50.667996815 2.84 3.66 3.86 3.97 4.17 B2IV-V 221 0
19 * eta Lup bC? 16 00 07.3279160436 -38 23 48.138224969 2.36 3.19 3.41     B2.5IV 186 0
20 * del Sco SB* 16 00 20.00528 -22 37 18.1431 1.30 2.20 2.32 2.36 2.49 B0.3IV 776 0
21 * bet Sco ** 16 05 26.23 -19 48 19.4 2.00 2.43 2.50     B1V+B2V 40 0
22 * nu. Sco ** 16 11 59.73568 -19 27 38.5361 3.42 4.05 4.00 3.90 3.87 B2V 404 0
23 NAME Upper Sco Association As* 16 12 -23.4           ~ 1586 1
24 LDN 1721 DNe 16 14 28.1 -18 54 44           ~ 27 0
25 NAME Upper Sco-Cen As* 16 15 -24.2           ~ 1497 1
26 * sig Sco bC* 16 21 11.3157134 -25 35 34.051476 2.32 3.02 2.89 1.69 1.58 B1III+B1:V 898 0
27 NAME Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud SFR 16 28 06 -24 32.5           ~ 3969 1
28 * alf Sco s*r 16 29 24.45970 -26 25 55.2094 4.08 2.75 0.91 -0.64 -1.87 M1.5Iab+B2Vn 786 0
29 LDN 1709 DNe 16 31 34.8 -24 02 55           ~ 84 0
30 LDN 1689 DNe 16 32 22.5 -24 28 29           ~ 153 0
31 * zet Oph Be* 16 37 09.5400587698 -10 34 01.509742704 1.73 2.58 2.56 2.46 2.50 O9.2IVnn 1908 0
32 V* V1062 Sco a2* 16 38 30.9410484900 -39 09 08.389193766   6.92 6.95     ApSi 78 0
33 LDN 1746 DNe 17 11.3 -27 22           ~ 157 0
34 BAX 258.1082-23.3759 ClG 17 12 26.3 -23 21 38           ~ 303 0
35 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
36 NAME Corona Australis Cloud MoC 19 01 51 -36 58.9           ~ 554 0
37 NAME Coronet Cluster Cl* 19 01 54 -36 57.2           ~ 106 1
38 NAME Elephant Trunk Nebula MoC 21 36 +57.4           ~ 58 0
39 NAME Local Bubble ISM ~ ~           ~ 1059 0

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