2025A&A...695A.233R

Query : 2025A&A...695A.233R

2025A&A...695A.233R - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 695A233 (2025/3-1)

A multifrequency study of sub-parsec jets with the Event Horizon Telescope.

RODER J., WIELGUS M., LOBANOV A.P., KRICHBAUM T.P., NAIR D.G., LEE S.-S., ROS E., FISH V.L., BLACKBURN L., CHAN C.-K., ISSAOUN S., JANSSEN M., JOHNSON M.D., DOELEMAN S.S., BOWER G.C., CREW G.B., TILANUS R.P.J., SAVOLAINEN T., IMPELLIZZERI C.M.V., ALBERDI A., BACZKO A.-K., GOMEZ J.L., LU R.-S., PARASCHOS G.F., TRAIANOU E., GODDI C., KIM D., LISAKOV M., KOVALEV Y.Y., VOITSIK P.A., SOKOLOVSKY K.V., AKIYAMA K., ALBENTOSA-RUIZ E., ALEF W., ALGABA J.C., ANANTUA R., ASADA K., AZULAY R., BACH U., BALL D., BALOKOVIC M., BANDYOPADHYAY B., BARRETT J., BAUBOCK M., BENSON B.A., BINTLEY D., BLUNDELL R., BOUMAN K.L., BREMER M., BRINKERINK C.D., BRISSENDEN R., BRITZEN S., BRODERICK A.E., BROGUIERE D., BRONZWAER T., BUSTAMANTE S., BYUN D.-Y., CARLSTROM J.E., CECCOBELLO C., CHAEL A., CHANG D.O., CHATTERJEE K., CHATTERJEE S., CHEN M.-T., CHEN Y., CHENG X., CHO I., CHRISTIAN P., CONROY N.S., CONWAY J.E., CORDES J.M., CRAWFORD T.M., CRUZ-OSORIO A., CUI Y., CURD B., DAHALE R., DAVELAAR J., DE LAURENTIS M., DEANE R., DEMPSEY J., DESVIGNES G., DEXTER J., DHRUV V., DIHINGIA I.K., DOUGALL S.T., DZIB S.A., EATOUGH R.P., EMAMI R., FALCKE H., FARAH J., FOMALONT E., FORD H.A., FOSCHI M., FRAGA-ENCINAS R., FREEMAN W.T., FRIBERG P., FROMM C.M., FUENTES A., GALISON P., GAMMIE C.F., GARCIA R., GENTAZ O., GEORGIEV B., GOLD R., GOMEZ-RUIZ A.I., GU M., GURWELL M., HADA K., HAGGARD D., HAWORTH K., HECHT M.H., HESPER R., HEUMANN D., HO L.C., HO P., HONMA M., HUANG C.-W.L., HUANG L., HUGHES D.H., IKEDA S., INOUE M., JAMES D.J., JANNUZI B.T., JETER B., JIANG W., JIMENEZ-ROSALES A., JORSTAD S., JOSHI A.V., JUNG T., KARAMI M., KARUPPUSAMY R., KAWASHIMA T., KEATING G.K., KETTENIS M., KIM D.-J., KIM J.-Y., KIM J., KIM J., KINO M., KOAY J.Y., KOCHERLAKOTA P., KOFUJI Y., KOYAMA S., KRAMER C., KRAMER J.A., KRAMER M., KUO C.-Y., LA BELLA N., LAUER T.R., LEE D., LEUNG P.K., LEVIS A., LI Z., LICO R., LINDAHL G., LINDQVIST M., LIU J., LIU K., LIUZZO E., LO W.-P., LOINARD L., LONSDALE C.J., LOWITZ A.E., MacDONALD N.R., MAO J., MARCHILI N., MARKOFF S., MARRONE D.P., MARSCHER A.P., MARTI-VIDAL I., MATSUSHITA S., MATTHEWS L.D., MEDEIROS L., MENTEN K.M., MICHALIK D., MIZUNO I., MIZUNO Y., MORAN J.M., MORIYAMA K., MOSCIBRODZKA M., MULAUDZI W., MULLER C., MULLER H., MUS A., MUSOKE G., MYSERLIS I., NADOLSKI A., NAGAI H., NAGAR N.M., NAKAMURA M., NARAYANAN G., NATARAJAN I., NATHANAIL A., NAVARRO FUENTES S., NEILSEN J., NERI R., NI C., NOUTSOS A., NOWAK M.A., OH J., OKINO H., OLIVARES SANCHEZ H.R., ORTIZ-LEON G.N., OYAMA T., OZEL F., PALUMBO D.C.M., PARK J., PARSONS H., PATEL N., PEN U.-L., PESCE D.W., PIETU V., PLAMBECK R., POPSTEFANIJA A., PORTH O., POTZL F.M., PRATHER B., PRECIADO-LOPEZ J.A., PRINCIPE G., PSALTIS D., PU H.-Y., RAMAKRISHNAN V., RAO R., RAWLINGS M.G., RICARTE A., RIPPERDA B., ROELOFS F., ROGERS A., ROMERO-CANIZALES C., ROSHANINESHAT A., ROTTMANN H., ROY A.L., RUIZ I., RUSZCZYK C., RYGL K.L.J., SANCHEZ S., SANCHEZ-ARGUELLES D., SANCHEZ-PORTAL M., SASADA M., SATAPATHY K., SCHLOERB F.P., SCHONFELD J., SCHUSTER K.-F., SHAO L., SHEN Z., SMALL D., SOHN B.W., SOOHOO J., SOSAPANTA SALAS L.D., SOUCCAR K., STANWAY J.S., SUN H., TAZAKI F., TETARENKO A.J., TIEDE P., TITUS M., TORNE P., TOSCANO T., TRENT T., TRIPPE S., TURK M., VAN BEMMEL I., VAN LANGEVELDE H.J., VAN ROSSUM D.R., VOS J., WAGNER J., WARD-THOMPSON D., WARDLE J., WASHINGTON J.E., WEINTROUB J., WHARTON R., WIIK K., WITZEL G., WONDRAK M.F., WONG G.N., WU Q., YADLAPALLI N., YAMAGUCHI P., YFANTIS A., YOON D., YOUNG A., YOUNG K., YOUNSI Z., YU W., YUAN F., YUAN Y.-F., ZENSUS J.A., ZHANG S., ZHAO G.-Y. and ZHAO S.-S.

Abstract (from CDS):

Context. The 2017 observing campaign of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) delivered the first very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) images at the observing frequency of 230 GHz, leading to a number of unique studies on black holes and relativistic jets from active galactic nuclei (AGN). In total, eighteen sources were observed, including the main science targets, Sgr A* and M 87, and various calibrators. Sixteen sources were AGN.
Aims. We investigated the morphology of the sixteen AGN in the EHT 2017 data set, focusing on the properties of the VLBI cores: size, flux density, and brightness temperature. We studied their dependence on the observing frequency in order to compare it with the Blandford-Königl (BK) jet model. In particular, we aimed to study the signatures of jet acceleration and magnetic energy conversion.
Methods. We modeled the source structure of seven AGN in the EHT 2017 data set using linearly polarized circular Gaussian components (1749+096, 1055+018, BL Lac, J0132-1654, J0006-0623, CTA 102, and 3C 454.3) and collected results for the other nine AGN from dedicated EHT publications, complemented by lower frequency data in the 2-86 GHz range. Combining these data into a multifrequency EHT+ data set, we studied the dependences of the VLBI core component flux density, size, and brightness temperature on the frequency measured in the AGN host frame (and hence on the distance from the central black hole), characterizing them with power law fits. We compared the observations with the BK jet model and estimated the magnetic field strength dependence on the distance from the central black hole.
Results. Our observations spanning event horizon to parsec scales indicate a deviation from the standard BK model, particularly in the decrease of the brightness temperature with the observing frequency. Only some of the discrepancies may be alleviated by tweaking the model parameters or the jet collimation profile. Either bulk acceleration of the jet material, energy transfer from the magnetic field to the particles, or both are required to explain the observations. For our sample, we estimate a general radial dependence of the Doppler factor δ ∝ r≤0.5. This interpretation is consistent with a magnetically accelerated sub-parsec jet. We also estimate a steep decrease of the magnetic field strength with radius B ∝ r–3, hinting at jet acceleration or efficient magnetic energy dissipation.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2025

Journal keyword(s): techniques: interferometric - galaxies: active - galaxies: jets - galaxies: nuclei - quasars: general - quasars: supermassive black holes

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/695/A233): eht_2017.dat>

Simbad objects: 20

goto Full paper

goto View the references in ADS

Number of rows : 20
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 QSO B0003-066 BLL 00 06 13.89288482 -06 23 35.3353584   19.1 18.50 17.14   ~ 346 1
2 LEDA 2018 G 00 33 28.2 +30 51 13   14.4       ~ 9 0
3 QSO B0130-17 Bla 01 32 43.48746292 -16 54 48.5220804   18.75 18.44 15.44   ~ 247 1
4 NGC 1052 Bla 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1397 2
5 NGC 1275 Bla 03 19 48.1599902040 +41 30 42.108850836   13.10 12.48 11.09   ~ 4243 3
6 PG 0851+202 BLL 08 54 48.8749846272 +20 06 30.639583620   15.649 15.146 15.446   ~ 2513 1
7 4C 01.28 BLL 10 58 29.60520810 +01 33 58.8237454   18.74 18.28 16.68   ~ 828 2
8 3C 273 BLL 12 29 06.6998257176 +02 03 08.597629980   13.05 14.830 14.11   ~ 6022 1
9 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
10 3C 279 Bla 12 56 11.16657958 -05 47 21.5251510   18.01 17.75 15.87   ~ 3205 2
11 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
12 QSO B1730-130 Bla 17 33 02.70578907 -13 04 49.5482119   18 19.50 18.78 17.39 ~ 1198 1
13 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4970 3
14 4C 09.57 BLL 17 51 32.81857326 +09 39 00.7284066   17.46 16.78 15.57   ~ 1007 1
15 QSO B1921-293 BLL 19 24 51.05595254 -29 14 30.1210248   18.71 18.21 15.07   ~ 918 1
16 V* V1521 Cyg HXB 20 32 25.78 +40 57 27.9           WN4/5-6/7 2035 2
17 NGC 7000 Cl* 20 58 47 +44 19.8           ~ 427 0
18 NAME BL Lac BLL 22 02 43.2913536816 +42 16 39.979416792   15.66 14.72     ~ 2397 1
19 4C 11.69 Bla 22 32 36.40890093 +11 43 50.9040592   17.75 17.33     ~ 1205 2
20 3C 454.3 Bla 22 53 57.7480438728 +16 08 53.561508864   16.57 16.10 15.22   ~ 3004 2

To bookmark this query, right click on this link: simbad:objects in 2025A&A...695A.233R and select 'bookmark this link' or equivalent in the popup menu