2025A&A...697A...6C

Query : 2025A&A...697A...6C

2025A&A...697A...6C - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 697A6 (2025/5-1)

Euclid: Early Release Observations - Programme overview and pipeline for compact- and diffuse-emission photometry.

CUILLANDRE J.-C., BERTIN E., BOLZONELLA M., BOUY H., GWYN S., ISANI S., KLUGE M., LAI O., LANCON A., LANG D.A., LAUREIJS R., SAIFOLLAHI T., SCHIRMER M., STONE C., ABDURRO'UF, AGHANIM N., ALTIERI B., ANNIBALI F., ATEK H., AWAD P., BAES M., BANADOS E., BARRADO D., BELLADITTA S., BELOKUROV V., BOSELLI A., BOURNAUD F., BOVY J., BOWLER R.A.A., BUENADICHA G., BUITRAGO F., CANTIELLO M., CAROLLO D., CODIS S., COLLINS M.L.M., CONGEDO G., DALESSANDRO E., DE LAPPARENT V., DE PAOLIS F., DIEGO J.M., DIMAURO P., DINIS J., DOLE H., DUC P.-A., ERKAL D., EZZIATI M., FERGUSON A.M.N., FERRE-MATEU A., FRANCO A., GAVAZZI R., GEORGE K., GILLARD W., GOLDEN-MARX J.B., GOLDMAN B., GONZALEZ A.H., HABAS R., HARTLEY W.G., HATCH N.A., KOHLEY R., HOAR J., HOWELL J.M., HUNT L.K., JABLONKA P., JAUZAC M., KANG Y., KNAPEN J.H., KNEIB J.-P., KOHLEY R., KUZMA P.B., LARSEN S.S., MARCHAL O., MARTIN-FLEITAS J., MARCOS-ARENAL P., MARLEAU F.R., MARTIN E.L., MASSARI D., McCONNACHIE A.W., MENEGHETTI M., MILUZIO M., MIRO-CARRETERO J., MIYATAKE H., MONDELIN M., MONTES M., MORA A., MULLER O., NALLY C., NOESKE K., NUCITA A.A., OESCH P.A., OGURI M., PELETIER R.F., POULAIN M., QUILLEY L., RACCA G.D., REJKUBA M., RHODES J., ROCCI P.-F., ROMAN J., SACQUEGNA S., SAREMI E., SCARAMELLA R., SCHINNERER E., SERJEANT S., SOLA E., SORCE J.G., TARSITANO F., TERENO I., TOFT S., TORTORA C., URBANO M., VENHOLA A., VOGGEL K., WEAVER J.R., XU X., ZERJAL M., ZOLLER R., ANDREON S., AURICCHIO N., BACCIGALUPI C., BALDI M., BALESTRA A., BARDELLI S., BASSET A., BENDER R., BODENDORF C., BRANCHINI E., BRAU-NOGUE S., BRESCIA M., BRINCHMANN J., CAMERA S., CAPOBIANCO V., CARBONE C., CARRETERO J., CASAS S., CASTANDER F.J., CASTELLANO M., CAVUOTI S., CIMATTI A., CONSELICE C.J., CONVERSI L., COPIN Y., COURBIN F., COURTOIS H.M., CROPPER M., CUBY J.-G., DA SILVA A., DEGAUDENZI H., DI GIORGIO A.M., DOUSPIS M., DUNCAN C.A.J., DUPAC X., DUSINI S., FABRICIUS M., FARINA M., FARRENS S., FERRIOL S., FOSALBA P., FOTOPOULOU S., FRAILIS M., FRANCESCHI E., GALEOTTA S., GARILLI B., GILLIS B., GIOCOLI C., GOMEZ-ALVAREZ P., GRAZIAN A., GRUPP F., GUZZO L., HAUGAN S.V.H., HOAR J., HOEKSTRA H., HOLMES W., HOOK I., HORMUTH F., HORNSTRUP A., HUDELOT P., JAHNKE K., JHABVALA M., KEIHANEN E., KERMICHE S., KIESSLING A., KILBINGER M., KITCHING T., KUBIK B., KUIJKEN K., KUMMEL M., KUNZ M., KURKI-SUONIO H., LAHAV O., LIEBING P., LIGORI S., LILJE P.B., LINDHOLM V., LLORO I., MAINO D., MAIORANO E., MANSUTTI O., MARGGRAF O., MARKOVIC K., MARTINET N., MARULLI F., MASSEY R., MAUROGORDATO S., McCRACKEN H.J., MEDINACELI E., MELLIER Y., MEYLAN G., MOHR J.J., MORESCO M., MOSCARDINI L., MUNARI E., NAKAJIMA R., NICHOL R.C., NIEMI S.-M., PADILLA C., PALTANI S., PASIAN F., PEACOCK J.A., PEDERSEN K., PERCIVAL W.J., PETTORINO V., PIRES S., POLENTA G., PONCET M., POPA L.A., POZZETTI L., RAISON F., REBOLO R., REFREGIER A., RENZI A., RICCIO G., RIX H.-W., ROMELLI E., RONCARELLI M., ROSSETTI E., SAGLIA R., SAPONE D., SCHNEIDER P., SCHRABBACK T., SECROUN A., SEIDEL G., SERRANO S., SIMON P., SIRIGNANO C., SIRRI G., SKOTTFELT J., STANCO L., TALLADA-CRESPI P., TAYLOR A.N., TEPLITZ H.I., TOLEDO-MOREO R., TSYGANOV A., TUTUSAUS I., VALENTIJN E.A., VALENZIANO L., VASSALLO T., VERDOES KLEIJN G., WANG Y., WELLER J., WILLIAMS O.R., ZAMORANI G., ZUCCA E., BURIGANA C., CASENOVE P., SCOTTEZ V. and SCOTT D.

Abstract (from CDS):

The Euclid Early Release Observations (ERO) showcase Euclid's capabilities in advance of its main mission by targeting 17 astronomical objects, including galaxy clusters, nearby galaxies, globular clusters, and star-forming regions. A total of 24 hours of observing time was allocated in the early months of operation, and the scientific community was engaged through an early public data release. We describe the development of the ERO pipeline to create visually compelling images while simultaneously meeting the scientific demands within months of launch by leveraging a pragmatic data-driven development strategy. The pipeline's key requirements are to preserve the image quality and to provide flux calibration and photometry for compact and extended sources. The pipeline's five pillars are removal of instrumental signatures, astrometric calibration, photometric calibration, image stacking, and the production of science-ready catalogues for both the VIS and NISP instruments. We report a point spread function (PSF) with a full width at half maximum of 0ʺ.16 in the optical IE-band and 0ʺ.49 in the near-infrared (NIR) bands YE, JE, and HE. Our VIS mean absolute flux calibration is accurate to about 1%, and the accuracy is 10% for NISP due to a limited calibration set; both instruments have considerable colour terms for individual sources. The median depth is 25.3 and 23.2 AB mag with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of ten for galaxies, while it is 27.1 and 24.5 AB mag at an S/N of five for point sources for VIS and NISP, respectively. Euclid's ability to observe diffuse emission is exceptional due to its extended PSF nearly matching a pure diffraction halo, the best ever achieved by a wide-field high-resolution imaging telescope. Euclid offers unparalleled capabilities for exploring the low-surface brightness (LSB) Universe across all scales, providing high precision within a wide field of view (FoV), and opening a new observational window in the NIR. Median surface-brightness levels of 29.5 and 27.9, AB mag arcsec–2 are achieved for VIS and NISP, respectively, for detecting a 10ʺ × 10ʺ extended feature at the 1 σ level.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2025

Journal keyword(s): space vehicles: instruments - techniques: image processing - techniques: photometric - catalogs - astrometry

Simbad objects: 29

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Number of rows : 29
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 IC 10 rG 00 20 17.33520 +59 18 13.6480   13.6 9.5     ~ 1185 1
2 ACO 2764 ClG 00 20 27 -49 13.3           ~ 32 0
3 V* BP Phe LP? 00 23 43.6881382920 -49 21 27.953889732   9.31 7.70     M2III 17 0
4 NAME SGP reg 00 51 26.275 -27 07 41.70           ~ 606 0
5 ACO 426 ClG 03 19 47.6 +41 30 54           ~ 2508 1
6 NGC 1333 OpC 03 29 09.2 +31 20 59           ~ 1575 1
7 ACO S 373 ClG 03 38 29.4 -35 27 08           ~ 2029 0
8 IC 342 AGN 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1579 1
9 NGC 1549 GiP 04 15 45.223 -55 35 32.50 11.22 10.48 9.79 9.08   ~ 255 1
10 NGC 1553 GiP 04 16 10.4697802536 -55 46 48.072797400 10.76 10.10 9.40 8.74   ~ 395 2
11 NAME NGC 1566 Group GrG 04 20 00.6 -54 56 17           ~ 180 0
12 NAME Taurus Complex SFR 04 41.0 +25 52           ~ 4971 0
13 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
14 Barnard 30 DNe 05 30.3 +12 46           ~ 56 0
15 M 42 HII 05 35 16.8 -05 23 15           ~ 4411 0
16 NAME Horsehead Nebula DNe 05 40 59.0 -02 27 30           ~ 555 0
17 M 78 RNe 05 46 45.8 +00 04 45   8.0       ~ 397 0
18 NAME SEP reg 06 00 00.000 -66 33 38.55           ~ 198 0
19 NGC 2403 AGN 07 36 51.3381434280 +65 36 09.650825640 9.31 8.84 8.38 8.19   ~ 1887 1
20 UGC 4305 IG 08 19 04.9864630512 +70 43 13.086910452 12.06 11.72 11.39 11.11   ~ 812 2
21 NAME NGP reg 12 51 26.275 +27 07 41.70           ~ 1274 0
22 M 10 GlC 16 57 09.05 -04 06 01.1     4.98     ~ 857 0
23 NGC 6397 GlC 17 40 42.09 -53 40 27.6     5.17     ~ 2103 0
24 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
25 NAME NEP reg 18 00 00.000 +66 33 38.55           ~ 430 0
26 * alf Lyr dS* 18 36 56.33635 +38 47 01.2802 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.10 A0V 2787 1
27 NGC 6744 GiG 19 09 46.1335950504 -63 51 26.897079024   9.28 8.25 8.08 9.6 ~ 303 0
28 NGC 6822 G 19 44 56.199 -14 47 51.29   18 8.1     ~ 1661 0
29 ACO 2390 ClG 21 53 37.4 +17 41 46           ~ 732 2

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