2025A&A...697A..11C

Query : 2025A&A...697A..11C

2025A&A...697A..11C - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 697A11 (2025/5-1)

Euclid: Early Release Observations - Overview of the Perseus cluster and analysis of its luminosity and stellar mass functions.

CUILLANDRE J.-C., BOLZONELLA M., BOSELLI A., MARLEAU F.R., MONDELIN M., SORCE J.G., STONE C., BUITRAGO F., CANTIELLO M., GEORGE K., HATCH N.A., QUILLEY L., MANNUCCI F., SAIFOLLAHI T., SANCHEZ-JANSSEN R., TARSITANO F., TORTORA C., XU X., BOUY H., GWYN S., KLUGE M., LANCON A., LAUREIJS R., SCHIRMER M., ABDURRO'UF, AWAD P., BAES M., BOURNAUD F., CAROLLO D., CODIS S., CONSELICE C.J., DE LAPPARENT V., DUC P.-A., FERRE-MATEU A., GILLARD W., GOLDEN-MARX J.B., JABLONKA P., HABAS R., HUNT L.K., MEI S., MIVILLE-DESCHENES M.-A., MONTES M., NERSESIAN A., PELETIER R.F., POULAIN M., SCARAMELLA R., SCIALPI M., SOLA E., STEPHAN J., ULIVI L., URBANO M., ZOLLER R., AGHANIM N., ALTIERI B., AMARA A., ANDREON S., AURICCHIO N., BALDI M., BALESTRA A., BARDELLI S., BENDER R., BIVIANO A., BODENDORF C., BONINO D., BRANCHINI E., BRESCIA M., BRINCHMANN J., CAMERA S., CAPOBIANCO V., CARBONE C., CARRETERO J., CASAS S., CASTANDER F.J., CASTELLANO M., CASTIGNANI G., CAVUOTI S., CIMATTI A., CONGEDO G., CONVERSI L., COPIN Y., COURBIN F., COURTOIS H.M., CROPPER M., DA SILVA A., DEGAUDENZI H., DE LUCIA G., DI GIORGIO A.M., DINIS J., DOUSPIS M., DUBATH F., DUNCAN C.A.J., DUPAC X., DUSINI S., FARINA M., FARRENS S., FERRIOL S., FOTOPOULOU S., FRAILIS M., FRANCESCHI E., GALEOTTA S., GILLIS B., GIOCOLI C., GOMEZ-ALVAREZ P., GRAZIAN A., GRUPP F., GUZZO L., HAUGAN S.V.H., HOAR J., HOEKSTRA H., HOLMES W., HOOK I., HORMUTH F., HORNSTRUP A., HUDELOT P., JAHNKE K., JHABVALA M., KEIHANEN E., KERMICHE S., KIESSLING A., KILBINGER M., KITCHING T., KOHLEY R., KUBIK B., KUIJKEN K., KUMMEL M., KUNZ M., KURKI-SUONIO H., LAHAV O., LE MIGNANT D., LIGORI S., LILJE P.B., LINDHOLM V., LLORO I., MAINO D., MAIORANO E., MANSUTTI O., MARGGRAF O., MARKOVIC K., MARTINET N., MARULLI F., MASSEY R., MAUROGORDATO S., McCRACKEN H.J., MEDINACELI E., MELCHIOR M., MELLIER Y., MENEGHETTI M., MERLIN E., MEYLAN G., MOHR J.J., MORA A., MORESCO M., MOSCARDINI L., NAKAJIMA R., NICHOL R.C., NIEMI S.-M., PADILLA C., PALTANI S., PASIAN F., PEDERSEN K., PERCIVAL W.J., PETTORINO V., PIRES S., POLENTA G., PONCET M., POPA L.A., POZZETTI L., RAISON F., RENZI A., RHODES J., RICCIO G., ROMELLI E., RONCARELLI M., SAGLIA R., SAPONE D., SCHNEIDER P., SCHRABBACK T., SECROUN A., SEIDEL G., SERRANO S., SIMON P., SIRIGNANO C., SIRRI G., SKOTTFELT J., STANCO L., TALLADA-CRESPI P., TAYLOR A.N., TEPLITZ H.I., TERENO I., TOLEDO-MOREO R., TUTUSAUS I., VALENTIJN E.A., VALENZIANO L., VASSALLO T., VERDOES KLEIJN G., WANG Y., WELLER J., ZUCCA E., BURIGANA C., SCOTTEZ V., MARTIN-FLEITAS J. and SCOTT D.

Abstract (from CDS):

The Euclid Early Release Observations (ERO) programme targeted the Perseus cluster of galaxies, gathering deep data in the central region of the cluster over 0.7 deg2, including the cluster core up to 0.25 r200. The dataset reaches a point-source depth of IE = 28.0 (YE, JE, HE = 25.3), AB magnitudes at 5 σ with a 0''.16 (0''.48) full width at half maximum (FWHM), and a surface brightness limit of 30.1 (29.2) mag arcsec–2 for radially integrated galaxy profiles. The exceptional depth and spatial resolution of this wide-field multi-band data enable simultaneous detection and characterisation of both bright galaxies and low surface brightness ones, along with their globular cluster systems, from the optical to the near-infrared (NIR). Cluster membership was determined using several methods in order to maximise the completeness and minimise the contamination of foreground and background sources. We adopted a catalogue of 1100 dwarf galaxies, detailed in the corresponding ERO paper, that includes their photometric and structural properties. We identified all other sources in the Euclid images and obtained accurate photometric measurements using AutoProf or AstroPhot for 137 bright cluster galaxies and SourceExtractor for half a million compact sources. This study advances beyond previous analyses of the cluster and enables a range of scientific investigations, which are summarised here. We derived the luminosity and stellar mass functions (LF and SMF) of the Perseus cluster in the EuclidIE band thanks to supplementary u, g, r, i, z, and Hα data from the Canada-France-Hawai'i Telescope (CFHT). Our LF and SMF are the deepest recorded for the Perseus cluster, highlighting the groundbreaking capabilities of the Euclid telescope. We fit the LF and SMF with a Schechter plus Gaussian model. The LF features a dip at M(IE) ≃ -19 and a faint-end slope of αS ≃ -1.2 to -1.3. The SMF displays a low-mass-end slope of αS ≃ -1.2 to -1.35. These observed slopes are flatter than those predicted for dark matter halos in cosmological simulations, offering significant insights for models of galaxy formation and evolution.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2025

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: fundamental parameters - galaxies: clusters: individual: Perseus - galaxies: luminosity function, mass function

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/697/A11): tablec34.dat tablec5.dat tablec67.dat tablec89.dat>

Status at CDS : Tables of objects will be appraised for possible ingestion in SIMBAD.

Simbad objects: 27

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Number of rows : 27
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 ACO 85 ClG 00 41 36.21 -09 19 30.4           ~ 974 0
2 NAME PISCES SUPERCL SCG 01 09 +08.0           ~ 10 0
3 NAME Psc-Per Supercluster SCG 02 33.2 +41 37           ~ 444 1
4 Z 540-73 GiG 03 16 26.1176211024 +41 31 49.333406160   15.31   12.95   ~ 35 0
5 Z 540-74 GiG 03 16 27.5248087440 +41 37 37.276079736   15.7       ~ 20 0
6 2MASX J03165143+4127342 GiC 03 16 51.435 +41 27 34.24           ~ 5 0
7 Z 540-85 GiG 03 17 51.0935212344 +41 27 02.886477156   15.4       ~ 28 0
8 NGC 1265 rG 03 18 15.674 +41 51 27.94   14.7       ~ 386 2
9 Z 540-89 GiG 03 18 35.9407053840 +41 28 37.954287120   15.7       ~ 21 0
10 NGC 1267 GiG 03 18 44.7115142784 +41 28 02.912693916   15.4       ~ 37 0
11 NGC 1268 GiG 03 18 45.1627078080 +41 29 19.489432776   14.5   13.11   ~ 44 0
12 NGC 1270 rG 03 18 58.1033109720 +41 28 12.469003356   14.4       ~ 93 0
13 NGC 1272 GiG 03 19 21.300 +41 29 26.13   14.5 13.66     ~ 136 0
14 Z 540-100 GiG 03 19 27.3827188680 +41 38 06.965180664   15.5   13.58   ~ 39 0
15 ACO 426 ClG 03 19 47.6 +41 30 54           ~ 2508 1
16 NGC 1275 Bla 03 19 48.1599902040 +41 30 42.108850836   13.10 12.48 11.09   ~ 4243 3
17 NGC 1277 GiG 03 19 51.4854427512 +41 34 24.934439244   14.9       ~ 235 0
18 NGC 1278 GiG 03 19 54.1310495136 +41 33 48.273592464   14.4 14.14     ~ 105 0
19 NGC 1279 GiG 03 19 59.0521548984 +41 28 46.596625608   16       ~ 28 0
20 NGC 1281 GiG 03 20 06.1143914448 +41 37 47.945857692   15.0       ~ 65 0
21 MCG+07-07-070 GiC 03 20 22.025 +41 38 26.48   15       ~ 23 0
22 SDSS J032023.93+412131.5 QSO 03 20 23.9382768864 +41 21 31.457040876           ~ 10 0
23 ACO S 373 ClG 03 38 29.4 -35 27 08           ~ 2029 0
24 NAME Taurus Complex SFR 04 41.0 +25 52           ~ 4971 0
25 NAME COSMOS Field reg 10 00 28.60 +02 12 21.0           ~ 3639 0
26 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
27 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 5141 2

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