2025A&A...697A..12M

Query : 2025A&A...697A..12M

2025A&A...697A..12M - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 697A12 (2025/5-1)

Euclid: Early Release Observations - Dwarf galaxies in the Perseus galaxy cluster.

MARLEAU F.R., CUILLANDRE J.-C., CANTIELLO M., CAROLLO D., DUC P.-A., HABAS R., HUNT L.K., JABLONKA P., MIRABILE M., MONDELIN M., POULAIN M., SAIFOLLAHI T., SANCHEZ-JANSSEN R., SOLA E., URBANO M., ZOLLER R., BOLZONELLA M., LANCON A., LAUREIJS R., MARCHAL O., SCHIRMER M., STONE C., BOSELLI A., FERRE-MATEU A., HATCH N.A., KLUGE M., MONTES M., SORCE J.G., TORTORA C., VENHOLA A., GOLDEN-MARX J.B., AGHANIM N., AMARA A., ANDREON S., AURICCHIO N., BACCIGALUPI C., BALDI M., BALESTRA A., BARDELLI S., BATTAGLIA P., BENDER R., BODENDORF C., BRANCHINI E., BRESCIA M., BRINCHMANN J., CAMERA S., CANDINI G.P., CAPOBIANCO V., CARBONE C., CARRETERO J., CASAS S., CASTELLANO M., CAVUOTI S., CIMATTI A., CONGEDO G., CONSELICE C.J., CONVERSI L., COPIN Y., COURBIN F., COURTOIS H.M., CROPPER M., DA SILVA A., DEGAUDENZI H., DE LUCIA G., DI GIORGIO A.M., DINIS J., DOUSPIS M., DUNCAN C.A.J., DUPAC X., DUSINI S., EALET A., FARINA M., FARRENS S., FERRIOL S., FOSALBA P., FOTOPOULOU S., FRAILIS M., FRANCESCHI E., FUMANA M., GALEOTTA S., GARILLI B., GEORGE K., GILLARD W., GILLIS B., GIOCOLI C., GOMEZ-ALVAREZ P., GRAZIAN A., GRUPP F., GUZZO L., HAILEY M., HAUGAN S.V.H., HOAR J., HOEKSTRA H., HOLMES W., HOOK I., HORMUTH F., HORNSTRUP A., HU D., HUDELOT P., JAHNKE K., JHABVALA M., KEIHANEN E., KERMICHE S., KIESSLING A., KITCHING T., KOHLEY R., KUBIK B., KUIJKEN K., KUMMEL M., KUNZ M., KURKI-SUONIO H., LAHAV O., LE MIGNANT D., LIGORI S., LILJE P.B., LINDHOLM V., LLORO I., MAINO D., MAIORANO E., MANSUTTI O., MARGGRAF O., MARKOVIC K., MARTINET N., MARULLI F., MASSEY R., MAUROGORDATO S., McCRACKEN H.J., MEDINACELI E., MEI S., MELLIER Y., MENEGHETTI M., MERLIN E., MEYLAN G., MORESCO M., MOSCARDINI L., MUNARI E., NAKAJIMA R., NICHOL R.C., NIEMI S.-M., PADILLA C., PALTANI S., PASIAN F., PEDERSEN K., PERCIVAL W.J., PETTORINO V., PIRES S., POLENTA G., PONCET M., POPA L.A., POZZETTI L., RAISON F., REBOLO R., REFREGIER A., RENZI A., RHODES J., RICCIO G., RIX H.-W., ROMELLI E., RONCARELLI M., ROSSETTI E., SAGLIA R., SAPONE D., SCARAMELLA R., SCHNEIDER P., SECROUN A., SEIDEL G., SEIFFERT M., SERRANO S., SIRIGNANO C., SIRRI G., STANCO L., TALLADA-CRESPI P., TAYLOR A.N., TEPLITZ H.I., TERENO I., TOLEDO-MOREO R., TSYGANOV A., TUTUSAUS I., VALENTIJN E.A., VALENZIANO L., VASSALLO T., VERDOES KLEIJN G., VEROPALUMBO A., WANG Y., WELLER J., WILLIAMS O.R., ZAMORANI G., ZUCCA E., BIVIANO A., BURIGANA C., SCOTTEZ V., VIEL M., SIMON P., MORA A., MARTIN-FLEITAS J. and SCOTT D.

Abstract (from CDS):

We make use of the unprecedented depth, spatial resolution, and field of view of the Euclid Early Release Observations (EROs) of the Perseus galaxy cluster to detect and characterise the dwarf galaxy population in this massive system. Using a dedicated annotation tool, the Euclid high-resolution VIS and combined VIS+Near Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) colour images were visually inspected and dwarf galaxy candidates were identified. Their morphologies, the presence of nuclei, and their globular cluster (GC) richness were visually assessed, complementing an automatic detection of the GC candidates. Structural and photometric parameters, including Euclid filter colours, were extracted from two-dimensional fitting. Based on this analysis, a total of 1100 dwarf candidates were found across the image; 606 of these appear to be new identifications. The majority (96%) are classified as dwarf ellipticals, 53% are nucleated, 26% are GC-rich, and 6% show disturbed morphologies. A relatively high fraction of galaxies, 8%, are categorised as ultra diffuse galaxies. The majority of the dwarfs follow the expected scaling relations of galaxies. Globally, the GC specific frequency, SN , of the Perseus dwarf candidates is intermediate between those measured in the Virgo and Coma clusters. While the dwarf candidates with the largest GC counts are found throughout the Euclid field of view, the dwarfs located around the east-west strip, where most of the brightest cluster members are found, exhibit higher SN values on average. The spatial distribution of the dwarfs, GCs, and intracluster light show a main iso-density and isophotal centre displaced to the west of the bright galaxy light distribution. The ERO imaging of the Perseus cluster demonstrates the unique capability of Euclid to concurrently detect and characterise large samples of dwarf galaxies, their nuclei, and their GC systems, allowing us to construct a detailed picture of the formation and evolution of galaxies over a wide range of mass scales and environments.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2025

Journal keyword(s): galaxies: clusters: general - galaxies: dwarf - galaxies: fundamental parameters - galaxies: nuclei - galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 426 - galaxies: star clusters: general

VizieR on-line data: <Available at CDS (J/A+A/697/A12): tablea1.dat tablea2.dat tablea3.dat tableb1.dat>

Nomenclature: Fig. A.1, Tables A.1-A.3: [MCC2025] EDwC-NNNN (Nos 0001-1100). Fig. B.1, Table B.1: [MCC2025] NNNN (Nos 1101-1260).

Status at CDS : Tables of objects will be appraised for possible ingestion in SIMBAD.

Simbad objects: 14

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Number of rows : 14
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 IC 10 rG 00 20 17.33520 +59 18 13.6480   13.6 9.5     ~ 1185 1
2 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 13622 1
3 ACO 262 ClG 01 52 50.4 +36 08 46           ~ 727 1
4 NAME Psc-Per Supercluster SCG 02 33.2 +41 37           ~ 444 1
5 ACO 426 ClG 03 19 47.6 +41 30 54           ~ 2508 1
6 NGC 1275 Bla 03 19 48.1599902040 +41 30 42.108850836   13.10 12.48 11.09   ~ 4243 3
7 ACO S 373 ClG 03 38 29.4 -35 27 08           ~ 2029 0
8 UGC 4305 IG 08 19 04.9864630512 +70 43 13.086910452 12.06 11.72 11.39 11.11   ~ 812 2
9 NAME Hydra I Cluster ClG 10 36 36.0 -27 31 04           ~ 905 1
10 NAME Crater Cluster GlC 11 36 16.20 -10 52 38.8           ~ 117 1
11 NAME Virgo Cluster ClG 12 30 47.8 +12 23 07           ~ 7107 0
12 ACO 1656 ClG 12 59 44.40 +27 54 44.9           ~ 5141 2
13 NGC 6822 G 19 44 56.199 -14 47 51.29   18 8.1     ~ 1661 0
14 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0

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