2025A&A...699A..43K

Query : 2025A&A...699A..43K

2025A&A...699A..43K - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 699A43 (2025/7-1)

Hunting star forming galaxies in the gamma-ray domain.

KORNECKI P., BITEAU J., BOISSON C. and CRISTOFARI P.

Abstract (from CDS):

Context. Star-forming galaxies emit γ rays with relatively low luminosity, but the study of their emission is no less captivating. While it is known that their γ-ray luminosity in the GeV band is strongly linked to their star formation, the origin of their emission at higher energies remains uncertain due to limited observations.
Aims. Our aim is to assemble the largest possible sample of star-forming galaxies with potential detectability by the new generation of Cherenkov telescopes.
Methods. To achieve this, we compile a comprehensive sample of galaxies, including those previously detected by Fermi-LAT in the GeV energy range, as well as a larger sample of star-forming galaxies in the Local Volume that have been cataloged in the near-infrared band. We estimate their γ-ray flux by assuming a proportional relationship with their star formation rate, and then select the brightest candidates. The predicted spectra in the TeV band are derived using a simple empirical model normalized to the star formation rate and a model based on extrapolating the latest Fermi-LAT data to higher energies. The ground-based detectability of γ-ray emission from these sources is assessed through a comparison with the most recent instrument response functions.
Results. Our investigation reveals that almost a dozen star-forming galaxies may be detectable by upcoming γ-ray telescopes.
Conclusions. The observation of numerous star-forming galaxies in the TeV band is a fundamental piece of the panchromatic puzzle for understanding the physics inside these galaxies. The significant increase in the number of galaxies that will be able to be studied in detail in the near future, particularly with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, promises a major step forward in the study of the conditions of acceleration and transport of cosmic rays in nearby extragalactic environments.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2025

Journal keyword(s): radiation mechanisms: non-thermal - gamma rays: galaxies - galaxies: starburst - galaxies: star formation

Status at CDS : All or part of tables of objects will not be ingested in SIMBAD.

Simbad objects: 59

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Number of rows : 59
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 ICRF J000327.2-154705 SyG 00 03 27.26415662 -15 47 05.4553620   22.6       ~ 15 1
2 NGC 55 rG 00 14 53.602 -39 11 47.86 8.54 8.58 7.87 7.84   ~ 828 2
3 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 13622 1
4 NGC 253 SyG 00 47 33.134 -25 17 19.68   8.03   6.94 8.1 ~ 3588 2
5 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
6 NGC 300 GiG 00 54 53.4465638304 -37 41 03.168402396 8.83 8.69 8.13 7.46   ~ 1614 2
7 4FGL J0112.5-0651 gam 01 12 31.0 -06 51 23           ~ 2 0
8 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 6226 1
9 UGCA 34 GiG 02 36 35.4662282832 +59 39 17.507008584   17       ~ 198 2
10 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4897 2
11 NAME Magellanic Clouds GrG 03 00 -71.0           ~ 7988 0
12 NGC 1365 Sy1 03 33 36.458 -36 08 26.37 10.48 10.08 9.63 8.79 9.7 ~ 1987 2
13 IC 342 AGN 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1579 1
14 NGC 1569 rG 04 30 49.186 +64 50 52.52 11.72 11.86 11.03     ~ 1297 3
15 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
16 6C 060948+781625 Bla 06 17 56.93290745 +78 16 07.3942170       19.71   ~ 47 1
17 NGC 2146 AGN 06 18 37.710 +78 21 25.27 11.67 11.38 10.59     ~ 765 2
18 NGC 2403 AGN 07 36 51.3381434280 +65 36 09.650825640 9.31 8.84 8.38 8.19   ~ 1887 1
19 4FGL J0737.4+6535 gam 07 37 30 +65 35.5           ~ 16 0
20 RX J0859.3+0047 BLL 08 59 20.5547533632 +00 47 12.176432988   19.43 18.91 19.2   ~ 31 1
21 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
22 M 82 AGN 09 55 52.430 +69 40 46.93 9.61 9.30 8.41     ~ 6156 6
23 4FGL J1015.1-6353 gam 10 15 06.3 -63 53 00           ~ 6 0
24 4FGL J1051.6+3253 gam 10 51 38.7 +32 53 07           ~ 5 0
25 NGC 3424 AGN 10 51 46.322 +32 54 02.44   13.2       ~ 176 1
26 IC 678 G 11 14 06.3760648728 +06 34 37.984806984   15.1       ~ 37 0
27 4FGL J1114.2+0638 gam 11 14 15.5 +06 38 01           ~ 4 0
28 NGC 3621 Sy2 11 18 16.300 -32 48 45.36 10.10 9.44 9.56 8.07 10.1 ~ 661 3
29 4FGL J1128.2+5831 gam 11 28 15.8 +58 31 07           ~ 4 0
30 NGC 3690 IG 11 28 31.0 +58 33 41   13.19 12.86     ~ 1015 4
31 M 106 Sy2 12 18 57.620 +47 18 13.39   9.14 8.41 8.11   ~ 2512 4
32 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
33 NGC 4945 Sy2 13 05 27.279 -49 28 04.44   9.31 14.40 7.55   ~ 1582 2
34 3FGL J1308.7-5738 Bz? 13 08 55.2 -57 30 13           ~ 12 0
35 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
36 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4565 4
37 M 83 SBG 13 37 00.91920 -29 51 56.7400 8.85 8.11 7.52 7.21   ~ 2778 2
38 NGC 5380 GiG 13 56 56.6880755688 +37 36 37.435881024   13.5       ~ 81 0
39 4FGL J1357.3+3730 gam 13 57 19.4 +37 30 16           ~ 4 0
40 M 101 GiP 14 03 12.583 +54 20 55.50   8.46 7.86 7.76   ~ 3138 2
41 NAME Circinus Galaxy Sy2 14 13 09.906 -65 20 20.47   10.89 9.84 10.6 10.0 ~ 1331 1
42 3FGL J1413.2-6518 AG? 14 13 10.7 -65 19 56           ~ 15 0
43 4FGL J1438.0+0219 gam 14 38 00.9 +02 19 38           ~ 6 0
44 4FGL J1534.7+2331 gam 15 34 47.4 +23 31 48           ~ 7 0
45 IC 1127 SyG 15 34 57.22396 +23 30 11.6084   14.76 13.88     ~ 3090 4
46 4FGL J1603.6-0451 gam 16 03 40.2 -04 51 37           ~ 6 0
47 4FGL J1651.1-5848 gam 16 51 07.0 -58 48 52           ~ 6 0
48 4FGL J1737.1-2901 gam 17 37 06.2 -29 01 38           ~ 9 0
49 NAME Galactic Center reg 17 45 39.60213 -29 00 22.0000           ~ 16269 0
50 9Y-MST J1821+6636 BLL 18 21 39.4 +66 36 33           ~ 15 0
51 NAME SDG G 18 55 19.0 -30 32 43   4.5 3.6     ~ 2438 2
52 NGC 6822 G 19 44 56.199 -14 47 51.29   18 8.1     ~ 1661 0
53 NGC 6946 H2G 20 34 52.332 +60 09 13.24   10.5       ~ 2661 2
54 2MASS J21185296-0732275 Sy1 21 18 52.9632528816 -07 32 27.590693424   20.07 19.48     ~ 62 1
55 4FGL J2118.8-0723c gam 21 18 53.8 -07 23 34           ~ 5 0
56 NGC 7059 EmG 21 27 21.4652309472 -60 00 52.783268292   12.51 12.30 11.38 11.9 ~ 84 0
57 3FGL J2127.5-6001 X 21 27 29.3 -60 01 02           ~ 21 0
58 4FGL J2210.4-0930 gam 22 10 24.2 -09 30 12           ~ 2 0
59 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0

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