2025A&A...699A.331L

Query : 2025A&A...699A.331L

2025A&A...699A.331L - Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 699A331 (2025/7-1)

The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): Mapping Hα+[N II] emission in 77 Fornax galaxy members reaching ∼4 Rvir.

LOPES A.R., SMITH CASTELLI A.V., KRABBE A.C., HERNANDEZ-JIMENEZ J.A., PALLERO D., TORRES-FLORES S., TELLES E., SARZI M., CORTESI A., THAINA-BATISTA J., CID FERNANDES R., LACERDA E.A.D., SAMPAIO M., SASSE V.H., HERPICH F.R., ANDRUCHOW I., DEMARCO R., GUTIERREZ SOTO L.A., GROSSI M., HAACK R.F., HUMIRE P.K., LIMA-DIAS C., LIMBERG G., LOBO C., LOMELI-NUNEZ L., LOPES P.A.A., OLAVE-ROJAS D.E., WERNER S.V., ALMEIDA-FERNANDES F., OLIVEIRA SCHWARZ G.B., SCHOENELL W., RIBEIRO T., KANAAN A. and MENDES DE OLIVEIRA C.

Abstract (from CDS):

Context. The Fornax cluster, the second-largest galaxy cluster within 20 Mpc, presents an ideal environment for studying the impact of environmental effects on galaxy evolution. Utilizing data from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS), this study explores the Hα+[N II] emission maps in Fornax and its outskirts.
Aims. By mapping emission features across an area of approximately 208 square degrees around NGC 1399, this work aims to identify and characterize emission-line galaxies (ELGs) and analyze their spatial distribution, morphology, and their projected phase space (PPS) diagram.
Methods. We developed a dedicated semiautomated pipeline, pixel-to-pixel emission line estimate (PELE), to generate emission line maps by processing S-PLUS images using the three-filter method. A morphological analysis was conducted using the ASTROMORPHLIB package to determine whether Hα+[N II] emitters exhibit perturbed features.
Results. The study successfully detected 77 Hα+[N II] emitters with rAB<18 mag, extending to four times the virial radius of the Fornax cluster. PELE demonstrated its ability to recover flux down to ∼2×10–17 erg s–1 cm–2 when compared to Hα maps from MUSE/VLT. Among the emitters, 25% are early-type galaxies (ETGs) and 75% are late-type galaxies (LTGs). Signs of morphological perturbation or merger activity are observed in 44% of the LTGs and in three ETGs located beyond the clusters virial radius. A significant fraction (91%) of the emitters are identified as recent infallers, which are primarily located in the northwestern region of the cluster, while others are associated with the infalling group Fornax A in the southwest. Disturbed, low-mass galaxies at larger cluster-centric distances provide evidence that galaxies begin transforming before entering the main cluster.
Conclusions. This study demonstrates S-PLUS's effectiveness in detecting ELGs, whose distribution reflects the Fornax cluster's assembly history; LTGs are linked to recent infall from the field, possibly along a Fornax-Eridanus filament, and ETGs may have evolved prior to entry.

Abstract Copyright: © The Authors 2025

Journal keyword(s): methods: data analysis - techniques: photometric - surveys - galaxies: ISM - galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax

Simbad objects: 81

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Number of rows : 81
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 ESO 357-7 EmG 03 10 23.5459 -33 09 12.878   14.66   13.92 14.3 ~ 56 0
2 LEDA 705828 AG? 03 11 29.38 -31 22 56.0   17.21   17.3 17.8 ~ 10 0
3 LEDA 707865 AG? 03 16 15.26 -31 12 34.1   18.13       ~ 6 0
4 LEDA 3182664 AG? 03 16 50.63 -33 18 04.1   16.781   15.795   ~ 4 0
5 MCG-06-08-002 GiC 03 16 53.3154 -35 32 29.081   13.78   12.68 13.2 ~ 75 0
6 LEDA 616781 AG? 03 17 30.50 -37 50 37.5   16.33   15.95   ~ 9 0
7 2dFGRS TGS471Z004 LSB 03 19 24.97 -32 38 58.0   15.98   15.688 16.1 ~ 20 0
8 IC 1913 EmG 03 19 34.578 -32 27 54.41   14.38   13.54 14.2 ~ 81 0
9 LEDA 707430 AG? 03 20 26.938 -31 14 53.16   16.11   15.376   ~ 7 0
10 NGC 1310 Sy2 03 21 03.4175652072 -37 06 06.062937516 12.43 12.98 12.08 12.03   ~ 110 1
11 LEDA 625223 G 03 22 38.2 -37 18 48           ~ 5 0
12 NGC 1316 rG 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1491 1
13 NGC 1317 GiP 03 22 44.2823209512 -37 06 13.180903956 12.20 11.78 11.02 10.22   ~ 240 1
14 MCG-06-08-010 G 03 23 53.9 -37 30 31   13.87   12.66   ~ 47 2
15 NGC 1326 Sy1 03 23 56.3657298384 -36 27 52.322333040 11.69 11.43 10.54 10.02 10.9 ~ 279 2
16 LEDA 12758 EmG 03 24 52.426 -35 26 07.65   15.36       ~ 20 0
17 NGC 1316C EmG 03 24 58.4399334528 -37 00 34.541960832   14.36   13.23   ~ 67 0
18 6dFGS gJ032504.2-365540 GiP 03 25 04.19 -36 55 38.7   15.49       ~ 33 0
19 NGC 1326A AG? 03 25 08.50 -36 21 50.2   13.80   12.91 13.7 ~ 103 0
20 NGC 1326B GiG 03 25 20.35 -36 23 05.8   13.08   13.2 12.9 ~ 55 0
21 LEDA 712861 AG? 03 26 16.1 -30 47 47   16.877   16.186   ~ 6 0
22 2MASX J03262503-3707417 GiC 03 26 25.0085720520 -37 07 41.543028444   16.09       ~ 43 0
23 MCG-06-08-018 GiG 03 27 16.61 -33 29 10.9   14.69   13.69 14.3 ~ 47 0
24 NGC 1341 EmG 03 27 58.3983347688 -37 09 00.271891836   12.86   11.82   ~ 90 0
25 NGC 1351A GiG 03 28 48.718 -35 10 41.37   14.21   12.92 13.3 ~ 101 0
26 ESO 358-10 GiG 03 29 43.26 -33 33 25.0   14.85   13.61   ~ 46 0
27 ESO 358-11 GiC 03 30 07.91 -32 28 32.7   15.91   14.88   ~ 13 0
28 NGC 1350 Sy2 03 31 08.119 -33 37 43.10   11.20 10.52 9.77 10.6 ~ 191 0
29 MCG-06-08-024 Sy2 03 31 08.2735132152 -36 17 24.787136976   14.60       ~ 78 1
30 MCG-05-09-011 EmG 03 31 30.6568555560 -30 12 48.136597596   13.90   13.09 13.9 ~ 94 1
31 MCG-05-09-012 Sy2 03 31 55.62 -31 20 15.5   14.07   13.17 13.8 ~ 52 0
32 ESO 358-15 Sy2 03 33 06.85 -34 48 29.2   15.34   14.29 14.9 ~ 86 0
33 ESO 358-16 GiC 03 33 09.20 -35 43 06.7   16.74   15.96   ~ 35 0
34 LEDA 13177 EmG 03 33 33.84 -33 34 24.0   15.11       ~ 59 0
35 NGC 1365 Sy1 03 33 36.458 -36 08 26.37 10.48 10.08 9.63 8.79 9.7 ~ 1987 2
36 NGC 1366 Sy2 03 33 53.6940996096 -31 11 38.966332632   12.94   11.49   ~ 102 0
37 LEDA 659931 AG? 03 33 57.43 -34 36 42.1           ~ 16 0
38 MCG-05-09-015 GiG 03 34 57.3705020400 -32 38 22.385391972   14.58   13.54   ~ 48 0
39 LEDA 677738 GiC 03 35 28.9265 -33 20 02.535           ~ 9 0
40 MCG-05-09-017 EmG 03 35 33.134 -32 27 53.55   13.90       ~ 90 0
41 NGC 1380 Sy2 03 36 27.590 -34 58 34.68 11.32 10.94 9.93 9.37   ~ 460 1
42 NGC 1386 Sy1 03 36 46.238 -35 59 57.39 12.42 12.16 11.23 10.76   ~ 553 1
43 NGC 1387 Sy2 03 36 57.0337458600 -35 30 23.675934060 12.18 11.75 10.69 10.16   ~ 290 1
44 NGC 1399 rG 03 38 29.083 -35 27 02.67 11.05 9.74 9.59 8.12   ~ 1636 1
45 ACO S 373 ClG 03 38 29.4 -35 27 08           ~ 2029 0
46 NAME Eridanus ClG GrG 03 38 32.00 -22 18 51.0           ~ 200 0
47 NGC 1406 EmG 03 39 23.3038688087 -31 19 17.505737604   12.42   11.24 11.9 ~ 128 1
48 LEDA 681755 GiC 03 39 55.08 -33 03 11.0   17.1       ~ 18 0
49 NGC 1427A GiP 03 40 08.6854 -35 37 34.647   13.44   12.68 13.3 ~ 127 1
50 NAME Wombat I GiG 03 40 58.84 -38 51 19.0   15.541   15.463 15.1 ~ 16 0
51 MCG-06-09-019 EmG 03 41 32.607 -34 53 18.01   13.95   13.02 13.8 ~ 106 0
52 LEDA 74919 EmG 03 41 45.46 -33 47 30.7   15.82       ~ 27 0
53 MCG-06-09-023 GiP 03 42 45.302 -33 55 14.03   14.53       ~ 46 0
54 NGC 1437A GiG 03 43 02.19 -36 16 24.1   13.92   13.09   ~ 87 0
55 NGC 1436 GiG 03 43 37.0896438888 -35 51 11.004592644   12.49   11.16   ~ 143 0
56 LEDA 74972 GiC 03 44 58.61 -36 53 41.0   17.1       ~ 18 0
57 ESO 358-60 GiC 03 45 12.14 -35 34 15.3   15.86   15.46 16.6 ~ 82 0
58 6dFGS gJ034545.4-362046 GiC 03 45 45.40 -36 20 47.5   16.01   15.11   ~ 40 0
59 NGC 1437B Sy2 03 45 54.864 -36 21 24.93   13.98   12.78   ~ 96 0
60 MCG-06-09-030 Sy2 03 46 19.007 -34 56 36.83   12.57   12.3 11.9 ~ 136 0
61 IC 1993 GiG 03 47 04.8369103704 -33 42 35.877997728   12.50   11.16 11.7 ~ 93 0
62 MCG-07-08-008 EmG 03 47 34.12 -38 34 35.5   14.34   13.87 14.5 ~ 61 0
63 LEDA 694645 EmG 03 49 53.36 -32 15 32.7   16.67   15.92   ~ 10 0
64 ESO 302-14 GiG 03 51 40.90 -38 27 08.0   14.84   14.54 14.8 ~ 60 0
65 ESO 359-3 EmG 03 52 00.909 -33 28 03.39   14.25   13.43 14.0 ~ 71 0
66 APMBGC 359+084+062 LSB 03 54 03.4 -36 03 49   16.11       ~ 3 0
67 IC 2006 EmG 03 54 28.4628183240 -35 58 01.673622516   12.39   10.94 11.9 ~ 217 0
68 MCG-05-10-007 Sy2 04 00 41.608 -30 49 51.67   14.28   13.69 14.1 ~ 34 0
69 ESO 359-16 EmG 04 04 25.3 -36 10 50   15.00   14.55 15.0 ~ 31 0
70 LEDA 655120 EmG 04 04 41.22 -34 57 55.5   16.70   15.80   ~ 7 0
71 ESO 359-17 EmG 04 04 47.28 -33 56 08.1   15.58   15.01   ~ 9 0
72 ESO 359-22 AG? 04 08 45.58 -35 23 22.2   15.99   15.79 15.9 ~ 31 0
73 ESO 420-6 AG? 04 10 01.41 -31 15 29.9   15.23   14.41 14.4 ~ 37 0
74 ESO 359-24 EmG 04 10 57.49 -35 49 51.1   15.43   15.00 15.1 ~ 19 0
75 MCG-05-10-015 Sy2 04 11 00.598 -31 24 28.15   13.75   12.79   ~ 73 0
76 ESO 359-25 LSB 04 11 45.6 -34 56 17   17.09   17.07   ~ 9 0
77 NGC 1531 GiP 04 11 59.329 -32 51 02.85   13.11   12.12   ~ 71 0
78 NGC 1532 GiP 04 12 04.3612491792 -32 52 26.960041056   10.65   9.34 10.4 ~ 164 0
79 ESO 359-29 AG? 04 12 50.62 -33 00 07.3   14.77   14.14   ~ 46 0
80 ESO 420-11 EmG 04 12 53.3475538344 -31 18 31.023949860   15.62   14.79   ~ 15 0
81 MCG-06-10-001 AG? 04 13 10.1008 -34 25 31.708   14.56   14.29   ~ 31 0

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