2025ApJ...978...48S

Query : 2025ApJ...978...48S

2025ApJ...978...48S - Astrophys. J., 978, 48 (2025/January-1)

A Novel Approach to Understanding the Link between Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies.

SASSEVILLE G., HLAVACEK-LARRONDO J., BEREK S.C., EADIE G.M., RHEA C.L., SPRINGFORD A., MEZCUA M. and HAGGARD D.

Abstract (from CDS):

The strongest and most universal scaling relation between a supermassive black hole (BH) and its host galaxy is known as the M•-σ relation, where M• is the mass of the central BH, and σ is the stellar velocity dispersion of the host galaxy. This relation has been studied for decades and is crucial for estimating BH masses of distant galaxies. However, recent studies suggest the potential absence of central BHs in some galaxies, and a significant portion of current data only provides upper limits for the mass. Here, we introduce a novel approach using a Bayesian hurdle model to analyze the M•-σ relation across 244 galaxies. This model integrates upper mass limits and the likelihood of hosting a central BH, combining logistic regression for BH hosting probability with a linear regression of mass on σ. From the logistic regression, we find that galaxies with a velocity dispersion of 11, 34, and 126 km s–1 have a 50%, 90%, and 99% probability of hosting a central BH, respectively. Furthermore, from the linear regression portion of the model, we find that M• ∝ σ5.8, which is significantly steeper than the slope reported in earlier studies. Our model also predicts a population of undermassive BHs (M• = 10-105M⊙) in galaxies with σ ≲ 127 km s–1 and overmassive BHs (M• ≥ 1.8 × 107) above this threshold. This reveals an unexpected abundance of galaxies with intermediate-mass and ultramassive BHs, accessible to next-generation telescopes like the Extremely Large Telescope.

Abstract Copyright: © 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Interdisciplinary astronomy - Astrostatistics - Bayesian statistics - Hierarchical models - M-sigma relation - Black holes - Supermassive black holes - Galaxies - Active galaxies - Black hole physics - Active galactic nuclei

Status at CDS : Large table(s) will be appraised for possible ingestion in VizieR.

Simbad objects: 308

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Number of rows : 308
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 Mrk 335 Sy1 00 06 19.5372339024 +20 12 10.617404076   14.19 13.85     ~ 1344 0
2 Mrk 1501 Bla 00 10 31.00590413 +10 58 29.5042981   15.96 15.40 12.22   ~ 763 1
3 NGC 104 GlC 00 24 05.359 -72 04 53.20     4.09     ~ 4158 0
4 LEDA 1790 Sy1 00 29 13.7012449608 +13 16 03.947778264   15.70 15.41     ~ 474 0
5 NAME Mayall II GlC 00 32 46.5323801712 +39 34 40.504803060   14.564 13.807 13.208 12.684 ~ 400 1
6 NGC 193 rG 00 39 18.5878961880 +03 19 52.605787764   14.3       ~ 149 1
7 M 110 GiG 00 40 22.0572349992 +41 41 07.507220136   8.92 8.07     ~ 1370 1
8 M 32 GiG 00 42 41.82480 +40 51 54.6120 9.51 9.03 8.08     ~ 2236 2
9 M 31 AGN 00 42 44.330 +41 16 07.50 4.86 4.36 3.44     ~ 13622 1
10 NAME SMC G 00 52 38.0 -72 48 01   2.79 2.2     ~ 12317 1
11 NGC 289 Sy2 00 52 42.365 -31 12 20.99   11.36 13.44 10.38 11.4 ~ 256 0
12 LEDA 3237 Sy1 00 54 52.1183662680 +25 25 38.983241532     15.42     ~ 421 0
13 NGC 300 GiG 00 54 53.4465638304 -37 41 03.168402396 8.83 8.69 8.13 7.46   ~ 1614 2
14 NGC 307 GiG 00 56 32.5609001952 -01 46 19.166370780   14.1       ~ 74 0
15 NGC 315 LIN 00 57 48.88334410 +30 21 08.8119345 12.80 12.20 11.16 11.26   ~ 869 2
16 NGC 383 AGN 01 07 24.9647814840 +32 24 45.132586200   13.6 12.14     ~ 821 3
17 NGC 404 LIN 01 09 27.02 +35 43 05.3   12.56 11.73     ~ 511 0
18 NGC 428 AGN 01 12 55.709 +00 58 53.69   12.1   12.0 12.1 ~ 247 0
19 ESO 113-45 Sy1 01 23 45.7631533440 -58 48 20.808928944   14.08 13.83 13.34   ~ 965 0
20 NGC 524 GiP 01 24 47.7429545736 +09 32 20.089023900   11.5       ~ 494 1
21 NGC 541 AGN 01 25 44.3069825040 -01 22 46.086331044 13.42 13.03 12.08     ~ 219 2
22 NGC 584 Sy2 01 31 20.7231919800 -06 52 04.770287472 11.93 11.44 10.48     ~ 417 2
23 M 33 GiG 01 33 50.8965749232 +30 39 36.630403128 6.17 6.27 5.72     ~ 6226 1
24 NGC 613 AGN 01 34 18.235 -29 25 06.56   10.77 12.71 9.50 10.6 ~ 446 3
25 Z 386-35 Sy1 01 43 57.7777898304 +02 20 59.531401716   14.90 14.07     ~ 569 1
26 Z 412-46 Sy2 01 55 22.0278511032 +06 36 42.434344476   14.449 13.619 13.090 12.381 ~ 157 0
27 NGC 741 rG 01 56 23.2 +05 37 35   13.2       ~ 309 2
28 NGC 788 Sy2 02 01 06.4628889816 -06 48 57.149808084   13.71 12.76 11.79   ~ 291 0
29 NGC 821 AG? 02 08 21.1358498040 +10 59 41.832436704   12.210 11.310 10.739 9.744 ~ 592 0
30 NGC 863 Sy2 02 14 33.5604714720 -00 46 00.181845336   14.48 13.81 17.9   ~ 770 0
31 Z 413-68 G 02 17 03.5780283096 +05 17 31.481644560   15.4       ~ 45 0
32 Z 538-57 Sy1 02 23 11.41124925 +42 59 31.3853324   15.71 14.81     ~ 582 2
33 NGC 1042 SyG 02 40 23.9724818544 -08 26 00.736256616 11.47 11.56 11.02 11.7 11.4 ~ 286 1
34 NGC 1023 AG? 02 40 24.0133575864 +39 03 47.663392896 10.91 10.35 9.35 7.83   ~ 689 2
35 NGC 1052 Bla 02 41 04.79849989 -08 15 20.7519527 11.84 11.41 10.47 10.71   ~ 1397 2
36 M 77 Sy2 02 42 40.7091669408 -00 00 47.859690204 9.70 9.61 8.87 10.1 9.9 ~ 4897 2
37 NGC 1097 LIN 02 46 19.059 -30 16 29.68 10.46 9.97 9.48 8.72 9.8 ~ 1448 3
38 SDSS J024656.39-003304.8 AGN 02 46 56.39533 -00 33 04.8877           ~ 13 0
39 NGC 1194 Sy2 03 03 49.1124029328 -01 06 13.415103900   15.29 14.18     ~ 307 0
40 NGC 1271 GiG 03 19 11.2915920504 +41 21 11.477339028   15.4       ~ 79 0
41 NGC 1300 Sy2 03 19 41.0462219928 -19 24 40.187565432   11.16 10.42 9.90 10.7 ~ 616 0
42 NGC 1275 Bla 03 19 48.1599902040 +41 30 42.108850836   13.10 12.48 11.09   ~ 4243 3
43 NGC 1277 GiG 03 19 51.4854427512 +41 34 24.934439244   14.9       ~ 235 0
44 NGC 1316 rG 03 22 41.789 -37 12 29.52 9.81 9.15 8.53 7.66   ~ 1491 1
45 NGC 1320 Sy2 03 24 48.6886857672 -03 02 32.121533436   14.0 14.00     ~ 317 0
46 NGC 1332 GiP 03 26 17.321 -21 20 07.33   11.45   9.84   ~ 378 0
47 NGC 1358 Sy2 03 33 39.6807616872 -05 05 22.213915692   14.10 13.05 11.76   ~ 220 1
48 NGC 1374 EmG 03 35 16.5885737352 -35 13 34.563417168 12.46 11.97 11.08 10.59   ~ 322 1
49 NGC 1386 Sy1 03 36 46.238 -35 59 57.39 12.42 12.16 11.23 10.76   ~ 553 1
50 NGC 1399 rG 03 38 29.083 -35 27 02.67 11.05 9.74 9.59 8.12   ~ 1636 1
51 NGC 1398 GiG 03 38 52.130 -26 20 16.22   10.37   8.90 10.1 ~ 250 0
52 NGC 1407 rG 03 40 11.904 -18 34 49.36   10.64 9.67 9.13   ~ 613 2
53 NGC 1428 GiG 03 42 22.73 -35 09 14.4   13.77   12.49   ~ 125 0
54 IC 342 AGN 03 46 48.514 +68 05 45.98   10.5       ~ 1579 1
55 NGC 1493 Sy2 03 57 27.4270810416 -46 12 38.513195316   11.88   11.01 11.6 ~ 149 0
56 NGC 1497 GiG 04 02 06.8061678281 +23 07 58.396530870   14.5       ~ 56 1
57 NGC 1550 BiC 04 19 37.9450450152 +02 24 35.918168940   14.0       ~ 183 1
58 NGC 1600 rG 04 31 39.858 -05 05 09.97   8.9   10.81   ~ 409 1
59 MCG+01-12-009 Bla 04 33 11.0956735296 +05 21 15.619461552   15.72 15.05 10.08   ~ 2099 2
60 SDSS J043703.67+245606.8 GiG 04 37 03.6816891024 +24 56 06.870657804           ~ 37 0
61 NGC 1667 Sy2 04 48 37.1804579280 -06 19 11.824427712   13.66 12.86 11.72   ~ 384 2
62 Z 469-3 Sy1 05 10 45.5396425152 +16 29 58.180436556   15.6 15.774     ~ 142 2
63 NGC 1851 GlC 05 14 06.76 -40 02 47.6           ~ 1529 0
64 Z 395-23 Sy1 05 16 11.4092471904 -00 08 59.157166920   14.30 13.92     ~ 953 1
65 NAME LMC G 05 23 34.6 -69 45 22     0.4     ~ 19090 0
66 M 79 GlC 05 24 10.59 -24 31 27.3     8.16     ~ 883 0
67 NGC 1961 LIN 05 42 04.6327819680 +69 22 42.411028872   11.73 10.99     ~ 362 3
68 NGC 2110 Sy2 05 52 11.3768668776 -07 27 22.507465392   14.77 13.51 11.86   ~ 712 1
69 NGC 2139 EmG 06 01 07.963 -23 40 20.35   12.10 11.71 11.28 12.1 ~ 164 1
70 NGC 2179 Sy2 06 08 02.2326823704 -21 44 48.266982276   13.33 12.45 11.58   ~ 66 0
71 NGC 2273 Sy1 06 50 08.6691789600 +60 50 44.864645136   14.50 13.54     ~ 566 2
72 IC 450 Sy1 06 52 12.3346265592 +74 25 37.121227716   15.16 14.19     ~ 619 1
73 ESO 558-9 G 07 04 21.002 -21 35 19.36           ~ 36 0
74 NGC 2329 rG 07 09 08.0049393360 +48 36 55.726108020   13.7 13.99     ~ 143 3
75 Z 286-10 Sy2 07 19 30.892 +59 21 18.48   13.3       ~ 148 0
76 Z 235-30 Sy1 07 42 32.8210670808 +49 48 34.783809768   14.74 14.27     ~ 769 1
77 2MASS J08105865+7602424 Sy1 08 10 58.6641543864 +76 02 42.450451260   15.03 14.71     ~ 508 0
78 NGC 2549 AG? 08 18 58.3507032336 +57 48 11.022298740   12.1       ~ 271 0
79 MCG-01-22-013 Sy1 08 28 47.1087407064 -06 56 24.416711016   15.5       ~ 94 0
80 MCG-04-21-005 AGN 08 36 15.190 -26 24 33.66 12.04 11.93 11.45 11.09 12.3 ~ 600 3
81 LEDA 24880 AGN 08 51 25.8117860976 +39 35 41.740775556   16.5       ~ 23 0
82 NGC 2685 Sy2 08 55 34.7027817000 +58 44 03.876540108   13.68 12.70     ~ 459 1
83 LEDA 3095851 Sy2 09 06 13.7690094288 +56 10 15.125487348   18.04 17.67     ~ 52 0
84 NGC 2778 GiP 09 12 24.3741783168 +35 01 39.140496840   13.1       ~ 303 0
85 NGC 2748 GiG 09 13 43.03707 +76 28 31.2310   11.7       ~ 223 0
86 NGC 2787 LIN 09 19 18.6046606656 +69 12 11.630716128   12.92 11.79     ~ 381 0
87 Mrk 110 Sy1 09 25 12.8479065576 +52 17 10.386311208   16.82 16.41     ~ 681 1
88 NGC 2903 AGN 09 32 10.111 +21 30 02.99 10.44 9.75 9.07 8.68   ~ 1204 3
89 NGC 2892 rG 09 32 52.9316927952 +67 37 02.634719448   14.4       ~ 77 1
90 NGC 2911 Sy2 09 33 46.10739467 +10 09 08.8215304   14.96 13.83     ~ 259 0
91 NGC 2960 SyG 09 40 36.3826266216 +03 34 37.235848260   13.60       ~ 197 1
92 NGC 2974 Sy2 09 42 33.2918467632 -03 41 57.038311068   12.19   10.77   ~ 463 0
93 NGC 2964 H2G 09 42 54.251 +31 50 49.97   12.0       ~ 292 1
94 NGC 3021 GiG 09 50 57.1456156056 +33 33 12.934404072   12.6       ~ 208 0
95 2MASX J09541809+4717246 Sy2 09 54 18.1534473168 +47 17 25.080488916           ~ 31 0
96 M 81 Sy2 09 55 33.1726556496 +69 03 55.062505368   7.89 6.94     ~ 4725 3
97 PG 0953+414 Sy1 09 56 52.3931554992 +41 15 22.211247636 14.710 15.611 15.546 15.294 14.720 ~ 472 0
98 NGC 3078 rG 09 58 24.59498715 -26 55 35.9552427   12.00 11.07 10.51   ~ 164 1
99 NGC 3081 Sy2 09 59 29.5437024336 -22 49 34.747341960   13.06 13.55 11.67 12.1 ~ 509 0
100 NGC 3091 BiC 10 00 14.125 -19 38 11.32   12.04 10.61 10.56 9.25 ~ 192 0
101 NGC 3079 Sy2 10 01 57.8789863992 +55 40 47.449758324 11.57 11.54 10.86     ~ 1476 3
102 NGC 3115 GiG 10 05 13.9270507008 -07 43 06.982712292   11   9.37   ~ 1067 2
103 IC 2560 Sy2 10 16 18.7073057664 -33 33 49.720274676   12.53 13.31 11.25 12.2 ~ 283 1
104 NGC 3227 Sy1 10 23 30.5765149296 +19 51 54.282206700   12.61 11.79     ~ 1807 2
105 Mrk 142 Sy1 10 25 31.2786898344 +51 40 34.867889004   16.33 16.12     ~ 330 0
106 NGC 3245 LIN 10 27 18.3864983136 +28 30 26.621599932   11.6       ~ 372 0
107 NGC 3310 AGN 10 38 45.85707 +53 30 11.8940   12.45 12.15     ~ 809 1
108 M 95 GiP 10 43 57.7313485800 +11 42 13.301191332 10.71 10.51 9.73 9.48   ~ 1238 2
109 M 96 GiP 10 46 45.744 +11 49 11.78 10.42 10.15 9.25 8.99   ~ 862 1
110 NGC 3377 GiP 10 47 42.400 +13 59 08.30 11.55 11.24 10.38     ~ 798 1
111 M 105 LIN 10 47 49.600 +12 34 53.87   10.56 9.76 9.12 8.18 ~ 1504 0
112 NGC 3384 GiG 10 48 16.8855574392 +12 37 45.371165844   10.0       ~ 617 1
113 NGC 3393 Sy2 10 48 23.4653152920 -25 09 43.487648784   13.10 13.95 11.67 12.2 ~ 471 1
114 NGC 3423 SyG 10 51 14.3245691976 +05 50 24.158965920   12.1       ~ 191 0
115 NGC 3414 GiC 10 51 16.2099174408 +27 58 30.297624852   12.1       ~ 353 0
116 NGC 3489 GiG 11 00 18.5483994744 +13 54 04.206202668 11.46 11.12 10.29     ~ 429 1
117 Z 66-92 Sy2 11 00 47.9570025384 +10 43 41.359156500   14.8       ~ 75 0
118 NGC 3516 Sy1 11 06 47.4632200800 +72 34 07.298374656   13.12 12.40     ~ 1638 0
119 NGC 3585 GiG 11 13 17.109 -26 45 17.96   10.64   9.22   ~ 304 0
120 NGC 3607 Sy2 11 16 54.65687 +18 03 06.5120   13.84 12.76     ~ 490 1
121 NGC 3608 LIN 11 16 58.967 +18 08 54.71   11.7       ~ 527 0
122 NGC 3621 Sy2 11 18 16.300 -32 48 45.36 10.10 9.44 9.56 8.07 10.1 ~ 661 3
123 Z 291-51 Sy1 11 18 57.7039218648 +58 03 23.629382172   17.12 16.69     ~ 119 0
124 M 66 AGN 11 20 15.0 +12 59 29 9.85 9.65 8.92     ~ 1509 4
125 NGC 3642 LIN 11 22 17.9010437568 +59 04 28.275641436   14.86 14.04     ~ 220 0
126 NGC 3665 GiG 11 24 43.630 +38 45 46.05 13.71 13.26 11.62     ~ 364 1
127 MCG+09-19-073 Sy1 11 25 36.1539761184 +54 22 57.113791824   17.06 16.47     ~ 311 0
128 NGC 3675 GiG 11 26 08.5641089832 +43 35 09.587062464   11.04   9.57   ~ 300 1
129 NGC 3706 EmG 11 29 44.4309190968 -36 23 28.745465928   12.20 11.08 10.56   ~ 149 0
130 NGC 3783 Sy1 11 39 01.7096819040 -37 44 19.009642992   12.46 13.43 11.33 12.1 ~ 1765 1
131 NGC 3801 LIN 11 40 16.9446846648 +17 43 40.575768960   13.3       ~ 214 1
132 NGC 3842 BiC 11 44 02.155 +19 56 59.37 14.22 13.70 11.82 12.04   ~ 308 3
133 NGC 3862 Sy2 11 45 05.00904503 +19 36 22.7409909   14.98 13.97     ~ 646 1
134 NGC 3923 GiG 11 51 01.783 -28 48 22.36 11.41 10.59 9.80 8.88   ~ 459 1
135 NGC 3945 GiG 11 53 13.6081388304 +60 40 32.125024704   11.6       ~ 265 0
136 NGC 3953 GiG 11 53 49.0086582552 +52 19 36.475395312   11.08   9.71   ~ 380 0
137 NGC 3982 Sy2 11 56 28.1445516072 +55 07 30.859586652   12.20 11.70 11.18   ~ 588 1
138 M 109 GiG 11 57 35.9631479640 +53 22 29.006082336   10.94   9.57   ~ 483 0
139 NGC 3998 Sy2 11 57 56.1334044408 +55 27 12.922443432   11.64 12.10 10.09   ~ 682 2
140 NGC 4026 GiP 11 59 25.0914676128 +50 57 41.951225700   12.17       ~ 290 0
141 Mrk 1310 Sy1 12 01 14.3530384560 -03 40 41.015051940   16.31 15.89 14.780   ~ 218 0
142 NGC 4036 LIN 12 01 26.7603659808 +61 53 44.625848784   12.18 11.20     ~ 282 0
143 NGC 4041 SyG 12 02 12.2376697152 +62 08 14.096124312   11.6       ~ 270 1
144 NGC 4051 Sy1 12 03 09.6101337312 +44 31 52.682601288   11.08 12.92 9.94   ~ 2270 1
145 NGC 4088 AGN 12 05 34.2230093952 +50 32 21.064017876   11.2       ~ 428 1
146 Z 128-34 LIN 12 08 05.5490514552 +25 14 14.260024176   14.4       ~ 90 0
147 NGC 4143 LIN 12 09 36.0679174440 +42 32 03.031963368   13.04 12.08     ~ 251 0
148 NGC 4151 Sy1 12 10 32.5759813872 +39 24 21.063527532   12.18 11.48     ~ 3938 2
149 NGC 4150 GiG 12 10 33.655 +30 24 05.35 12.72 12.44 11.64     ~ 331 2
150 NGC 4203 LIN 12 15 05.0549203560 +33 11 50.383965120   12.98 11.99     ~ 514 2
151 NGC 4212 H2G 12 15 39.3368219184 +13 54 05.388525900   11.9       ~ 328 0
152 NGC 4244 GiG 12 17 29.659 +37 48 25.60   10.71   9.99   ~ 582 1
153 NGC 4245 GiG 12 17 36.7836585312 +29 36 28.898544204   12.4       ~ 192 0
154 Z 293-9 Sy1 12 17 54.9746101392 +58 39 35.609855652   16.82 16.39     ~ 103 1
155 NGC 4253 Sy1 12 18 26.5163572920 +29 48 46.531535472   14.34 13.57     ~ 1106 1
156 M 106 Sy2 12 18 57.620 +47 18 13.39   9.14 8.41 8.11   ~ 2512 4
157 NGC 4261 LIN 12 19 23.2160630 +05 49 29.700024   13.92 12.87     ~ 1290 0
158 NGC 4278 LIN 12 20 06.8242 +29 16 50.722 11.54 11.09 10.16     ~ 988 2
159 NGC 4291 GiG 12 20 17.699 +75 22 15.47   17.0       ~ 321 1
160 M 61 Sy2 12 21 54.9282582888 +04 28 25.597367184 10.07 10.18 9.65     ~ 1084 1
161 NGC 4314 LIN 12 22 32.0223000912 +29 53 43.814812200 11.72 11.43 10.58     ~ 494 1
162 M 100 AGN 12 22 54.9299993592 +15 49 20.296257960 10.04 10.05 9.35     ~ 1963 2
163 NGC 4335 rG 12 23 01.8844 +58 26 40.378   13.7       ~ 90 1
164 Mrk 50 Sy1 12 23 24.1362367968 +02 40 44.449405212   17.25 16.63     ~ 263 1
165 NGC 4342 GiP 12 23 39.0032044488 +07 03 14.359499100   13.0       ~ 337 0
166 2MASX J12234282+5814459 Sy1 12 23 42.8115876144 +58 14 46.104372420   18.10 17.24     ~ 50 0
167 NGC 4350 GiP 12 23 57.814 +16 41 36.08   11.5 11.08     ~ 331 0
168 NGC 4371 GiG 12 24 55.4333579760 +11 42 15.144247584 12.35 11.79 10.81     ~ 345 1
169 M 84 Sy2 12 25 03.74333 +12 53 13.1393 12.67 12.09 10.49     ~ 1841 2
170 M 85 GiP 12 25 24.053 +18 11 27.89   10.2       ~ 678 0
171 NGC 4388 Sy2 12 25 46.820 +12 39 43.45 11.91 11.76 11.02     ~ 1433 2
172 NGC 4395 Sy2 12 25 48.8633109888 +33 32 48.700168152 10.84 10.54 10.11 9.98   ~ 1286 1
173 NGC 4429 GiG 12 27 26.5040002440 +11 06 27.588767616   11.4       ~ 348 0
174 NGC 4434 GiG 12 27 36.6771662112 +08 09 15.640206876   13.2       ~ 275 0
175 NGC 4435 GiG 12 27 40.503 +13 04 44.48 12.23 11.74 10.80     ~ 474 2
176 NGC 4450 LIN 12 28 29.5910654016 +17 05 05.976112020   10.90 10.08     ~ 587 2
177 NGC 4459 H2G 12 29 00.0329905416 +13 58 42.826603332   11.6       ~ 567 0
178 3C 273 BLL 12 29 06.6998257176 +02 03 08.597629980   13.05 14.830 14.11   ~ 6022 1
179 M 49 Sy2 12 29 46.8 +08 00 01   13.21 12.17     ~ 2174 2
180 NGC 4473 GiG 12 29 48.878 +13 25 45.55 11.60 11.16 10.20     ~ 671 1
181 NGC 4477 Sy2 12 30 02.1955766304 +13 38 11.543715888 11.98 11.38 10.42     ~ 419 2
182 NGC 4486B GiG 12 30 31.985 +12 29 24.85   14.5       ~ 428 0
183 M 87 AGN 12 30 49.42338414 +12 23 28.0436859 10.16 9.59 8.63   7.49 ~ 7815 3
184 NGC 4486A GiG 12 30 57.7095721176 +12 16 13.316512872   11.2 11.59 12.02   ~ 242 1
185 M 88 Sy2 12 31 59.1525062448 +14 25 13.148971824   14.33 13.18     ~ 843 1
186 Z 99-79 Sy1 12 32 03.6223710000 +20 09 29.495834136   15.57 15.30     ~ 526 0
187 NGC 4526 GiC 12 34 03.02853 +07 41 56.9040   10.6       ~ 707 0
188 M 91 LIN 12 35 26.4446761320 +14 29 46.760333748   14.63 13.57     ~ 639 0
189 NGC 4507 Sy2 12 35 36.6338976888 -39 54 33.710416272   12.95 13.54 11.70 12.4 ~ 532 1
190 M 89 Sy2 12 35 39.80733343 +12 33 22.8308657 11.29 10.73 9.75     ~ 1037 2
191 NGC 4564 GiG 12 36 26.9869512504 +11 26 21.204472848 12.51 12.05 11.12     ~ 615 1
192 NGC 4578 GiG 12 37 30.5571349752 +09 33 18.241180344   12.9       ~ 297 0
193 M 58 Sy2 12 37 43.59747 +11 49 05.1240 10.80 10.48 9.66     ~ 1140 2
194 NGC 4593 Sy1 12 39 39.4435107024 -05 20 39.034988448   13.95 13.15     ~ 1179 0
195 NGC 4596 GiP 12 39 55.9544722920 +10 10 34.185047628   12.4       ~ 387 0
196 M 104 LIN 12 39 59.43185902 -11 37 22.9961800 9.51 9.55 8.00 8.05   ~ 1465 2
197 IC 3639 Sy1 12 40 52.8344884344 -36 45 21.057011172   13.01 13.50 11.87 12.7 ~ 262 1
198 M 59 GiG 12 42 02.2581375168 +11 38 48.909507756   11.0       ~ 721 0
199 NGC 4636 LIN 12 42 49.8333280080 +02 41 15.951929028   12.62 11.84     ~ 1156 1
200 NAME M60-UCD1 G 12 43 35.9688 +11 32 04.700           ~ 100 0
201 M 60 GiC 12 43 39.9708251934 +11 33 09.688174067   10.3       ~ 1395 1
202 NGC 4698 Sy2 12 48 22.9082830584 +08 29 14.667552276   13.24 12.27     ~ 507 0
203 NGC 4697 GiG 12 48 35.8981498824 -05 48 02.482374564   10.97   9.83   ~ 895 0
204 NGC 4699 EmG 12 49 02.186 -08 39 51.49   10.8   10.01 10.3 ~ 226 0
205 M 94 SyG 12 50 53.0737971432 +41 07 12.900884628 9.15 8.96 8.24 7.78   ~ 1476 2
206 NGC 4742 GiG 12 51 48.0416784480 -10 27 17.196625800   12   11.55   ~ 235 1
207 NGC 4748 Sy1 12 52 12.4650934680 -13 24 53.262019944   14.73 14.03 12.82   ~ 287 0
208 NGC 4751 GiG 12 52 50.7492182112 -42 39 35.537977836   12.99   11.26   ~ 93 0
209 NGC 4762 LIN 12 52 56.049 +11 13 50.88   11.1       ~ 377 0
210 NGC 4800 GiG 12 54 37.7814061056 +46 31 52.276624140   12.0       ~ 159 0
211 M 64 SyG 12 56 43.696 +21 40 57.57   9.36 8.52     ~ 1010 2
212 NGC 4889 EmG 13 00 08.097 +27 58 37.29 12.93 13.0 11.30 11.652 10.906 ~ 742 1
213 NGC 4945 Sy2 13 05 27.279 -49 28 04.44   9.31 14.40 7.55   ~ 1582 2
214 LEDA 45656 Sy1 13 09 47.0031619008 +08 19 48.212362524   16.04 15.89     ~ 412 0
215 NGC 5005 LIN 13 10 56.312 +37 03 32.19   14.67 13.67     ~ 567 2
216 NGC 5018 GiP 13 13 01.0452720960 -19 31 05.649751992   11.71   10.31   ~ 335 1
217 M 63 LIN 13 15 49.2741893928 +42 01 45.728076108   9.34 8.59 8.35   ~ 1292 2
218 NGC 5077 rG 13 19 31.66962921 -12 39 25.0765176   13.87 12.85 11.30   ~ 312 1
219 NGC 5127 LIN 13 23 45.0315298080 +31 33 56.527040808   13.9       ~ 183 0
220 NAME Centaurus A BLL 13 25 27.61521044 -43 01 08.8050291   8.18 6.84 6.66   ~ 4774 3
221 NGC 5139 GlC 13 26 47.28 -47 28 46.1           ~ 3677 0
222 M 51 Sy2 13 29 52.698 +47 11 42.93   9.26 8.36 8.40   ~ 4565 4
223 IC 4296 rG 13 36 39.03253319 -33 57 57.0730368   11.52 12.99 10.00 10.79 ~ 520 2
224 NGC 5248 G 13 37 32.0145074088 +08 53 06.496982448   11.4       ~ 554 0
225 NGC 5252 Sy2 13 38 15.8707724328 +04 32 33.521265600   15.21 14.21     ~ 514 1
226 NGC 5283 Sy2 13 41 05.7499712616 +67 40 19.967186280   14.97 14.05     ~ 269 0
227 NGC 5273 Sy1 13 42 08.3801616672 +35 39 15.467518836   14.01 13.12     ~ 510 0
228 M 3 GlC 13 42 11.62 +28 22 38.2     6.39     ~ 2593 0
229 NGC 5328 Sy1 13 52 53.313 -28 29 21.38   12.74   11.11   ~ 116 0
230 Z 336-28 Sy1 13 53 03.4348964112 +69 18 29.410910460   15.15 14.46     ~ 812 1
231 NGC 5347 Sy2 13 53 17.7984934128 +33 29 27.011618196   13.46 12.70     ~ 373 1
232 MCG-02-36-002 rG 14 01 41.8427019024 -11 36 24.845027796   15.00       ~ 117 2
233 M 101 GiP 14 03 12.583 +54 20 55.50   8.46 7.86 7.76   ~ 3138 2
234 NGC 5427 Sy1 14 03 26.0408044536 -06 01 50.682790236   14.67 13.96 11.54   ~ 307 0
235 NGC 5419 rG 14 03 38.7225244848 -33 58 41.881842120   11.77 11.33 10.21 14.44 ~ 208 3
236 NGC 5490 GiG 14 09 57.330 +17 32 43.53   13.4 15.5     ~ 178 1
237 NGC 5495 Sy2 14 12 23.3599954392 -27 06 29.105572824   13.53 13.5 12.20   ~ 82 3
238 NAME Circinus Galaxy Sy2 14 13 09.906 -65 20 20.47   10.89 9.84 10.6 10.0 ~ 1331 1
239 LEDA 50824 Sy1 14 13 48.3306274368 +44 00 14.003371296   14.99 14.99     ~ 402 0
240 NGC 5516 GiG 14 15 54.7044314904 -48 06 53.421485436   13.01   11.11   ~ 69 0
241 NGC 5548 Sy1 14 17 59.5400291832 +25 08 12.603122268   14.35 13.73     ~ 2895 0
242 NGC 5576 GiP 14 21 03.691 +03 16 15.78 12.25 11.85 10.96     ~ 347 1
243 Mrk 1383 Sy1 14 29 06.5720038632 +01 17 06.155007252   15.21 14.87     ~ 494 0
244 NGC 5643 Sy2 14 32 40.778 -44 10 28.60   11.03 13.60 9.92 10.6 ~ 652 1
245 Z 296-15 Sy1 14 36 22.0820611632 +58 47 39.394934844   14.19 13.79     ~ 592 0
246 NGC 5695 Sy2 14 37 22.1349838776 +36 34 04.201272336   14.55 13.60     ~ 215 0
247 NGC 5694 GlC 14 39 36.52 -26 32 18.0           ~ 323 0
248 SDSS J144012.70+024743.5 Sy2 14 40 12.7004991288 +02 47 43.607503032   16.83 16.42     ~ 40 0
249 NGC 5728 Sy2 14 42 23.8918506576 -17 15 11.240783784   14.34 13.40     ~ 679 1
250 NGC 5765B Sy2 14 50 51.50555 +05 06 52.1550   14.6       ~ 80 1
251 NGC 5793 Sy2 14 59 24.807 -16 41 36.55   14.47 13.32 12.77   ~ 147 1
252 NGC 5813 LIN 15 01 11.2302420864 +01 42 07.141569696 12.00 11.45 10.46 10.06   ~ 673 2
253 NGC 5824 GlC 15 03 58.612 -33 04 06.70   10.28 9.56     ~ 441 0
254 NGC 5845 GiG 15 06 00.7823239488 +01 38 01.704838596   13.8 11.20 12.06 9.94 ~ 403 0
255 NGC 5846 rG 15 06 29.253 +01 36 20.29   11.9   9.74   ~ 891 2
256 NGC 5879 AGN 15 09 46.7271710112 +57 00 00.538947900   11.9       ~ 262 0
257 Z 49-90 Sy2 15 16 44.4893939136 +07 01 17.825410740   15.19 14.17     ~ 463 4
258 NGC 5921 AG? 15 21 56.561 +05 04 13.94   12.7       ~ 286 0
259 LEDA 87300 LSB 15 23 04.97603 +11 45 53.6102   17.05       ~ 24 0
260 2MASS J15263736+0659417 Sy1 15 26 37.3661006568 +06 59 41.689198824           ~ 28 0
261 [RGG2013] 123 Sy1 15 34 25.5883035912 +04 08 06.726186240   18.68 18.22     ~ 30 0
262 Mrk 290 Sy1 15 35 52.4031021552 +57 54 09.515660508   15.55 15.27     ~ 575 0
263 2XMM J160531.8+174825 Sy1 16 05 31.8490706465 +17 48 26.223103808           ~ 38 0
264 NGC 6086 LIN 16 12 35.5357829352 +29 29 05.246712168   14.8       ~ 202 1
265 Mrk 876 Sy1 16 13 57.1795021224 +65 43 09.952685328   16.03 15.49     ~ 620 0
266 M 80 GlC 16 17 02.41 -22 58 33.9           ~ 780 0
267 Mrk 877 Sy1 16 20 11.2799789400 +17 24 27.515242152   15.79 15.39     ~ 286 0
268 NGC 6251 Bla 16 32 31.96989253 +82 32 16.3999044 15.24 14.66 12.89 7.62   ~ 772 1
269 M 13 GlC 16 41 41.634 +36 27 40.75     5.8     ~ 2291 0
270 NGC 6240 Sy2 16 52 58.9 +02 24 03   14.31 13.37     ~ 1734 2
271 NGC 6264 Sy2 16 57 16.1272966344 +27 50 58.574330124   15.5       ~ 123 1
272 M 62 GlC 17 01 12.60 -30 06 44.5           ~ 668 0
273 IRAS 17002+5153 Sy1 17 01 24.8265469104 +51 49 20.447878836   15.49 15.12     ~ 401 0
274 NGC 6323 GiG 17 13 18.0454114728 +43 46 56.772281424   14.8       ~ 103 1
275 NGC 6300 Sy2 17 16 59.5418094960 -62 49 13.946588832   10.88 13.08 9.44 10.2 ~ 478 1
276 M 92 GlC 17 17 07.39 +43 08 09.4     6.52     ~ 2240 0
277 NGC 6388 GlC 17 36 17.461 -44 44 08.34           ~ 988 1
278 NGC 6397 GlC 17 40 42.09 -53 40 27.6     5.17     ~ 2103 0
279 NAME Sgr A* X 17 45 40.03599 -29 00 28.1699           ~ 4970 3
280 NGC 6503 LIN 17 49 26.4207792072 +70 08 39.604132176 11.56 10.95 10.28 9.92   ~ 551 1
281 NGC 6500 LIN 17 55 59.78218885 +18 20 17.6673590   13.43 12.54     ~ 232 1
282 3C 390.3 Bla 18 42 08.9904975672 +79 46 17.127835104   16.06 15.38     ~ 1381 1
283 1RXS J185800.9+485020 AGN 18 58 01.1115545232 +48 50 23.383851576           ~ 24 1
284 Z 229-15 Sy1 19 05 25.9385931648 +42 27 39.759455520   15.4       ~ 146 0
285 NGC 6814 Sy1 19 42 40.5862186152 -10 19 25.108718844   15.33 14.21 11.7 11.3 ~ 866 0
286 MCG+07-41-003 Bla 19 59 28.35656837 +40 44 02.0972325   16.22 15.10     ~ 2537 2
287 NGC 6861 EmG 20 07 19.482 -48 22 12.94   12.01 11.10 10.43   ~ 211 0
288 NGC 6951 Sy2 20 37 14.1228088488 +66 06 20.049916392   11.64 10.65     ~ 553 2
289 Mrk 509 Sy1 20 44 09.7504483224 -10 43 24.727155528   13.35 13.12 10.7   ~ 1370 0
290 NGC 7052 rG 21 18 33.0441963648 +26 26 49.174586196 15.52 14.85 13.09     ~ 348 1
291 M 15 GlC 21 29 58.33 +12 10 01.2           ~ 3274 0
292 Mrk 1513 Sy1 21 32 27.8162556672 +10 08 19.252365396   14.92 14.64     ~ 651 0
293 Z 514-50 SyG 22 31 20.5885689288 +39 21 29.593072404   14.6       ~ 446 1
294 NGC 7331 LIN 22 37 04.0506038088 +34 24 56.800076508 10.65 10.35 9.48     ~ 1284 2
295 NGC 7332 GiP 22 37 24.5373044952 +23 47 53.830708800   12.0       ~ 391 0
296 NGC 7418 Sy1 22 56 36.1156121952 -37 01 47.845242192   11.66 11.39 10.66 11.3 ~ 172 2
297 IC 1459 rG 22 57 10.60682195 -36 27 43.9966421   10.96 11.85 9.34 10.3 ~ 652 2
298 NGC 7424 EmG 22 57 18.3924511080 -41 04 14.124670032   10.88 10.38 10.02 10.9 ~ 236 0
299 NGC 7457 AG? 23 00 59.9263288440 +30 08 41.764398792   11.04 11.87     ~ 459 0
300 NGC 7469 Sy1 23 03 15.6 +08 52 26 12.60 13.00 12.34     ~ 2253 3
301 NGC 7582 Sy2 23 18 23.60 -42 22 13.3 11.62 10.92 10.62     ~ 978 3
302 IC 1481 Sy1 23 19 25.0863724296 +05 54 21.836715048   14.5       ~ 107 1
303 NGC 7619 GiG 23 20 14.524 +08 12 22.63   12.7       ~ 472 0
304 NGC 7626 rG 23 20 42.524 +08 13 01.43   12.8       ~ 438 1
305 NGC 7682 Sy2 23 29 03.9181335984 +03 31 59.921415444   14.3       ~ 254 1
306 NGC 7768 BiC 23 50 58.5485212104 +27 08 50.446633668   14.0 14.23     ~ 198 0
307 NGC 7793 GiG 23 57 49.7540045856 -32 35 27.701550744 10.26 9.74 9.28 9.06 9.7 ~ 1188 2
308 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0

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