2025ApJ...979...29B

Query : 2025ApJ...979...29B

2025ApJ...979...29B - Astrophys. J., 979, 29 (2025/January-3)

Disk-locking Regulates Stellar Rotation in Young Clusters: Insights from NGC 2264.

BU Y., HE C., FANG M. and LI C.

Abstract (from CDS):

Many young clusters possess extended main sequences, a phenomenon commonly ascribed to stellar rotation. However, the mechanism behind their very wide stellar rotation distributions remains unclear. A proposed explanation is that magnetic star-disk interaction can regulate stellar rotation, i.e., protostars with longer disk lifetimes will eventually evolve into slow rotators, and vice versa. To examine this hypothesis, we took the star-forming region NGC 2264, as a test bed. We have studied its high-mass pre-main-sequence and zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) stars. We find that, on average, diskless pre-main-sequence stars rotate faster than their disk-bearing counterparts. The stellar rotation distribution of the ZAMS stars is similar to evolved young clusters. We conclude that disk-locking may play a crucial role in the rotational velocity distribution of intermediate-mass early-type stars. We suggest that the observed wide stellar rotation distributions in many young clusters can occur in their early stages.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Stellar rotation - Open star clusters - Star clusters - Stellar associations

Simbad objects: 110

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Number of rows : 110
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 IC 348 OpC 03 44 31.1 +32 10 02           ~ 1476 1
2 NGC 1818 GlC 05 04 13.300 -66 26 05.47           ~ 279 0
3 HD 260958 Y*? 06 37 52.9061089656 +09 15 16.750528380   9.89 9.98     B8IVSi 12 0
4 2MASS J06380225+0943439 * 06 38 02.2498202795 +09 43 43.967442545           ~ 3 0
5 HD 261053 Y*? 06 38 14.6195247888 +10 07 13.779624864   10.74 10.49     A0/1 8 0
6 Cl* NGC 2264 RMS 893 TT* 06 39 38.8367621568 +09 51 51.693205356         13.58 K3.9 17 0
7 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 2 TT* 06 39 41.5727198088 +09 34 40.512379656 14.3 14.1 13.27 12.84 12.42 G0 42 0
8 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 5 TT* 06 39 46.7227630368 +09 40 53.990536368 15.15 14.79 13.8 13.26 12.69 K1.2 30 0
9 HD 261585 * 06 39 52.8592053408 +09 28 07.465952136   11.2 11.0     A0/1 28 0
10 HD 261657 * 06 40 04.8285078792 +09 34 46.667307864 10.95 10.91 10.88 10.94 10.95 A0/1 36 0
11 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 20 Y*O 06 40 05.6546002440 +09 35 49.334398008 11.904   11.250   10.539 F5V 34 0
12 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 22 TT* 06 40 09.6002428104 +09 41 43.439275464 14.51 14.16 13.31 12.78 12.28 G9 37 0
13 HD 261711 * 06 40 16.1932181208 +09 17 13.099059708   11.44 11.3     A2/3 31 0
14 NGC 2264 42 RS* 06 40 21.0257561952 +09 36 31.970968884 14.56 14.21 13.35 12.86 12.35 K1 41 0
15 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 35 TT* 06 40 25.6911971928 +09 58 35.644592640 14.955 14.59 13.537 12.99 12.448 ~ 32 0
16 V* V595 Mon Or* 06 40 29.8895263728 +09 50 10.400035272 16.5 15.62 14.44 13.78 13.16 K2 65 0
17 KHA 81 TT* 06 40 30.6189714696 +09 46 10.628322960 17.609 16.62 15.31 14.6 13.90 K4V 53 0
18 EM* LkHA 15 TT* 06 40 36.6584524656 +09 52 03.230475996 17.24 17.52 16.27 15.33 14.35 K4e 63 0
19 NGC 2264 68 TT* 06 40 37.4911055154 +09 54 57.888420413 12.466 12.38 11.745 11.336 10.969 F4V 56 0
20 V* LM Mon TT* 06 40 39.1166554320 +09 50 58.629485832 16.56 16.79 15.55 14.74 13.84 K4 59 0
21 V* NW Mon TT* 06 40 40.0519852296 +09 35 02.959692180 16.36 15.74 14.48 13.82 13.12 K4e 78 1
22 EM* LkHA 21 TT* 06 40 41.3620220228 +09 54 13.867994109 14.85 14.56 13.62 13.11 12.57 G3 74 1
23 NGC 2264 84 TT* 06 40 42.1820308368 +09 33 37.422060732 12.575 12.57 12.01 11.74 11.33 G0 87 0
24 HD 261810 Y*O 06 40 43.2266749356 +09 46 01.720075195 8.26 8.92 9.02 9.045 9.039 B2.5Vn 70 0
25 EM* LkHA 364 TT* 06 40 45.1638228528 +09 28 44.402128932 15.82 15.25 14.2 13.59 13.03 K2 60 0
26 V* V642 Mon TT* 06 40 46.0829222016 +09 49 17.316325452 13.090 12.54 11.835 11.259 10.767 K1 52 1
27 V* LR Mon TT* 06 40 47.5029437145 +09 49 28.939007949 15.52 15.09 13.98 13.29 12.61 K3e 90 0
28 HD 261842A Y*? 06 40 48.5855479488 +09 22 00.185992104   10.68 10.69 10.85   ~ 5 0
29 HD 261842B Y*O 06 40 48.7724861328 +09 21 56.514584772       11.12   ~ 9 0
30 HD 261841 Y*O 06 40 48.8872907568 +09 51 44.404724628 10.263 10.11 9.98 9.912 9.758 B8IV-Ve 59 0
31 NGC 2264 104 Y*O 06 40 49.5383935824 +09 53 23.007134004 11.828 11.61 11.36 11.254 11.075 A5IV 41 0
32 V* LT Mon TT* 06 40 49.8920296632 +09 36 49.458646872 16.4 16.49 15.42 14.6 13.80 K4 72 0
33 EM* LkHA 31 TT* 06 40 50.5906149192 +09 54 57.310885296 16.71 16.07 14.9 14.16 13.47 K2e 66 0
34 HD 48012 Pu* 06 40 51.1606326792 +10 01 43.848813036 8.31 8.75 8.81   8.820 B6/9 47 0
35 NGC 2264 108 TT* 06 40 51.1854488784 +09 44 46.109300100 12.684 12.42 12.004 11.661 11.35 F8V 90 0
36 EM* LkHA 33 TT* 06 40 51.5429401920 +09 43 24.229130664 16.31 15.69 14.51 13.85 13.22 K4 75 0
37 HD 261878 Y*O 06 40 51.5561543448 +09 51 49.380647832 8.42 8.98 9.08 9.149 9.191 B6V 73 0
38 HD 261879 * 06 40 51.8442080304 +09 39 07.472805084 10.661 10.77 10.77   10.768 A0/1 35 0
39 NGC 2264 114 * 06 40 52.1119617648 +09 13 53.897090664   12.05 11.53     G1 19 0
40 NGC 2264 OpC 06 40 53.7 +09 52 32           ~ 1876 0
41 NGC 2264 116 TT* 06 40 53.7704052192 +09 30 38.975534820 12.193 12.27 11.633 11.45 11.002 F7V 45 0
42 NGC 2264 118 Y*O 06 40 54.3553818000 +09 20 04.547342220   12.33 11.77 11.67 11.20 F8V 18 0
43 V* GQ Mon TT* 06 40 56.1649417464 +09 36 30.900933504   17.083 17.245 15.19 14.06 K3e 52 0
44 NGC 2264 389 TT* 06 40 57.8280675864 +09 56 29.881747500 15.174 14.79 13.752 13.196 12.688 ~ 38 0
45 HD 261902 Y*O 06 40 58.5126133512 +09 33 31.721892912 9.88 10.20 10.23   10.174 B8 49 0
46 V* IO Mon B Y*O 06 40 58.8644618738 +09 30 57.449536491 16.147 15.703 14.702   13.191 ~ 7 0
47 NGC 2264 134 TT* 06 40 59.3436338472 +09 55 20.165321712 13.918 13.22 12.38 11.908 11.47 G5V 67 0
48 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 95 TT* 06 41 00.2512331232 +09 58 49.629562356 15.21 14.63 13.62 13.1 12.59 K0.6 32 0
49 V* V422 Mon TT* 06 41 00.5019115560 +09 45 03.117313944 17.15 16.58 15.35 14.74 14.00 K4V 65 0
50 V* V354 Mon TT* 06 41 00.5100986520 +09 29 15.955881864 16.81 15.94 14.73 14.04 13.34 K4e 68 0
51 V* V353 Mon TT* 06 41 00.7843862664 +09 51 22.210092144 16.6 15.84 14.61 13.92 13.18 K4/5e 57 0
52 V* IP Mon TT* 06 41 00.9824167032 +09 32 44.468341836 15.55 14.77 13.48 12.68 11.92 K1 83 0
53 BD+09 1340 Y*O 06 41 01.5552520368 +09 28 13.060448436   10.68 10.64 10.67 10.56 A0 32 0
54 NGC 2264 404 TT* 06 41 02.2067050704 +09 51 51.909321492 14.15 13.77 12.89 12.42 11.92 K0 40 0
55 V* V781 Mon Or* 06 41 02.5373788080 +09 34 55.804829124 15.88 15.27 14.28 13.67 13.12 G7 53 0
56 HD 261903 Y*O 06 41 02.8835159088 +09 27 23.465894652 8.65 9.03 9.10     B8Vn 39 0
57 NGC 2264 151 TT* 06 41 02.9592148632 +09 47 54.296935872 13.12 13.12 12.58 12.3 12.01 F5V 44 0
58 NGC 2264 154 Or* 06 41 03.4988303544 +09 31 18.397132176 13.69 13.5 12.76 12.37 11.97 G2V 61 0
59 HD 261940 Y*? 06 41 04.1121827040 +09 33 01.883923164 9.65 10.00 10.06   10.060 B8V(n) 44 0
60 V* V357 Mon Or* 06 41 04.3358475936 +09 48 22.065116076 16.74 15.91 14.74 14.09 13.48 K1V 60 0
61 V* V810 Mon Or* 06 41 04.4078795328 +09 51 50.044132800 16.31 13.60 12.464 11.934 11.47 K0+M0 48 0
62 HD 261937 Y*O 06 41 04.5662393952 +09 54 43.857027144 10.918 10.71 10.36 10.115 9.857 kA2hA2mA5V 59 0
63 V* GR Mon TT* 06 41 04.9641634921 +09 50 46.008445572 16.09 15.47 14.43 13.78 13.15 K2 55 0
64 HD 261941 TT* 06 41 05.8757621928 +09 22 55.630818372   11.08 10.94     A2/3 48 0
65 EM* LkHA 53 TT* 06 41 06.1986599352 +09 36 22.927167036 14.71 14.31 13.43 12.9 12.43 G3V 97 1
66 V* V608 Mon TT* 06 41 06.7366834752 +09 34 45.933262572 18.07 17.51 16.24 15.29 14.28 G6: 53 0
67 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 125 TT* 06 41 06.8861290104 +09 23 21.346013256 18.67 12.32 11.40 12.35 11.62 K1.5 22 0
68 V* V428 Mon Or* 06 41 07.3473339504 +09 25 55.010649756 17.32 16.58 15.24 14.42 13.50 K4e 48 0
69 NGC 2264 169 TT* 06 41 07.7776777656 +09 44 02.995493496 14.55 14.23 13.41 12.97 12.53 K0+M4 50 0
70 HD 261936 Y*? 06 41 08.6356869768 +10 08 25.376185824   10.03 10.2     B9III 18 0
71 HD 261969 Y*O 06 41 10.3828156324 +09 53 01.830226399 9.76 9.96 9.95 9.914 9.863 B9IV 60 0
72 NGC 2264 181 Y*O 06 41 11.2390661280 +09 52 55.737491268 9.773 9.98 10.03 10.113 10.081 B9Vn 49 0
73 Cl* NGC 2264 SBL 325 RS* 06 41 11.5912101288 +10 02 23.571927384 15.993 15.276 14.215 13.74 12.914 K2.5 39 0
74 HD 262013 Y*O 06 41 12.9352165416 +09 35 49.916028588 8.75 9.15 9.21   9.229 B9V 56 0
75 NGC 2264 186A * 06 41 13.2627819600 +09 55 08.661293040 18.149 18.149 16.015 15.131 14.108 ~ 3 0
76 NGC 2264 190 TT* 06 41 13.8102953952 +09 55 43.917566520 17.71 12.94 12.350 11.966 11.64 G0V 49 0
77 EM* LkHA 367 TT* 06 41 15.4239109152 +09 46 39.678820932 15.55 14.97 13.97 13.43 12.88 K1 43 0
78 NGC 2264 194 TT* 06 41 15.7161249816 +09 38 18.265467228 13.8 13.73 13.09 12.74 12.40 G5 29 0
79 V* MN Mon TT* 06 41 16.7841879888 +09 27 30.211272648 16.38 16.36 15.34 14.59 13.91 K4 61 0
80 NGC 2264 208 Or* 06 41 23.0384754600 +09 27 26.731422072 13.67 13.42 12.65 12.21 11.78 G5V 44 0
81 NGC 2264 210 TT* 06 41 24.7296249960 +09 26 23.481903372 14.57 14.27 13.43 12.91 12.62 G7 26 0
82 V* V978 Mon RS* 06 41 27.1549351536 +09 35 06.147201804 16.06 15.37 14.35 13.73 13.16 K1 48 0
83 NGC 2264 213 TT* 06 41 28.7798173944 +09 38 38.946253632 15.61 15.03 14.03 13.46 12.89 K3 55 0
84 NGC 2264 214 TT* 06 41 29.1868064592 +09 39 35.925812928 14.21 13.94 13.07 12.62 12.13 G5V 36 0
85 HD 262066A Y*? 06 41 30.0920204664 +09 49 48.324176976 9.645 9.76 9.78 9.88 9.734 ~ 7 0
86 HD 262066B Y*? 06 41 30.1127681688 +09 49 45.624683352 10.600 10.16 9.83 10.43 10.120 ~ 7 0
87 V* MO Mon TT* 06 41 31.1198311872 +09 26 58.278986988 14.85 14.87 13.85 13.19 12.56 K4 84 0
88 HD 262108 * 06 41 34.6124873592 +09 51 37.917306504 10.177 10.1 10.0   9.701 A2/3 38 0
89 EM* LkHA 74 TT* 06 41 37.2948928536 +09 45 06.638373720 17.394 16.580 15.394 14.64 14.006 K4 61 0
90 V* OY Mon TT* 06 41 39.7444998864 +09 40 27.954412068 14.745 15.06 14.00 13.23 12.524 K4 65 0
91 V* OZ Mon TT* 06 41 43.8243865752 +09 40 50.022357348 15.738 15.01 14.05 13.70 12.994 K1.5 53 0
92 Cl* NGC 2264 VAS 203 TT* 06 41 47.7518338632 +09 52 02.309364048   14.36 13.42 13.08 12.29 F0 23 0
93 HD 262177 Y*O 06 41 51.0869500584 +10 01 44.848561512   9.79 9.77     A0/1 20 0
94 KHA 132 TT* 06 42 09.1481293344 +09 48 04.880697228 17.356 16.602 15.398   13.988 ~ 21 0
95 TYC 750-1129-1 Y*? 06 42 28.6298680752 +10 09 25.583397336   12.09 12.18     F0/2 7 0
96 HD 262626 * 06 43 16.7980757904 +09 42 47.205547992   10.64 10.25     A5/7 8 0
97 HD 48331 Y*? 06 43 17.9883119952 +10 10 10.331695704   8.96 9.05 9.306   B9V 20 0
98 HD 262765 * 06 43 40.1801133120 +09 14 26.680263324   10.96 10.75     A2/3 8 0
99 HD 262970 * 06 44 19.0933616136 +10 23 25.137587040   10.95 10.90     A2/3 8 0
100 M 41 OpC 06 46 03.1 -20 43 07   4.89 4.5     ~ 308 0
101 NGC 2422 OpC 07 36 35.8 -14 30 15           ~ 275 0
102 NGC 2423 OpC 07 37 11.3 -13 51 45           ~ 175 0
103 NGC 2818 OpC 09 16 10.8 -36 37 09           ~ 108 1
104 NAME Lower Centaurus Crux As* 12 19 -57.1           ~ 565 1
105 NGC 5822 OpC 15 04 08.3 -54 21 52           ~ 238 0
106 NAME Upper Centaurus Lupus MGr 15 24 -41.9           ~ 567 1
107 NAME Upper Sco Association As* 16 12 -23.4           ~ 1586 1
108 * rho Oph ** 16 25 35.11766 -23 26 49.8150 4.30 4.85 4.63 4.27 3.96 B2IV+B2V 670 0
109 NGC 6705 OpC 18 51 03.7 -06 16 18   6.32 5.8     ~ 442 0
110 NAME Local Group GrG ~ ~           ~ 9325 0

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