2025ApJ...980...45C

Query : 2025ApJ...980...45C

2025ApJ...980...45C - Astrophys. J., 980, 45 (2025/February-2)

Analysis of the Internal Radial Gradient of Chemical Abundances in Spiral Galaxies from CALIFA.

CARDOSO A.F.S., CAVICHIA O., MOLLA M. and SANCHEZ-MENGUIANO L.

Abstract (from CDS):

The study of chemical evolution is of paramount importance for understanding the evolution of galaxies. Models and observations propose an inside-out mechanism in the formation of spiral galaxy disks, implying a negative radial gradient of elemental abundances when represented on a logarithmic scale. However, in some instances, the observed chemical abundance gradients deviate from a single negative straight line, revealing inner drops or outer flattenings, particularly in more massive galaxies. This study analyzes oxygen abundance gradients in spiral galaxies based on observations from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. Our focus is specifically on examining oxygen abundance gradient profiles, as obtained with data from H II regions, with a special emphasis on the inner radial gradient. We employ an automated fitting procedure to establish correlations between the physical properties of galaxies and bulges and the presence of these inner drops, seeking potential explanations for these variations in gradient. We find that the different criteria used in the literature to distinguish H II regions from other ionization sources in the galaxies, such as active galactic nuclei, significantly impact the results, potentially altering abundance gradient profiles and uncovering galaxies with distinct inner drops. Additionally, we analyze the abundance radial gradients to investigate the impact of diffuse ionized gas (DIG) decontamination on oxygen abundances over these inner drops. We observe that DIG, concentrated mainly in the central regions of galaxies, can modify oxygen abundance gradient profiles if left unaddressed.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Chemical abundances - Galaxy bulges - Galaxy chemical evolution - H II regions - Galaxy abundances - Galaxy disks

Status at CDS : Large table(s) will be appraised for possible ingestion in VizieR.

Simbad objects: 148

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Number of rows : 148
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 Z 382-21 Sy2 00 03 05.6532278352 -01 54 49.909114908   13.92 13.32 12.40 12.08 ~ 116 0
2 NGC 7819 GiG 00 04 24.495 +31 28 19.30   14.3       ~ 134 0
3 NGC 7824 GiP 00 05 06.2405943024 +06 55 12.496933380   14.5       ~ 69 0
4 Z 408-26 AG? 00 05 13.8796086216 +06 46 19.204496040   14.7       ~ 74 0
5 NGC 1 GiP 00 07 15.8562637560 +27 42 29.020113144   13.4       ~ 126 0
6 NGC 36 LIN 00 11 22.2984769368 +06 23 21.623562132   14.5       ~ 97 0
7 NGC 160 AG? 00 36 04.0982272704 +23 57 28.502827092   13.7       ~ 102 0
8 NGC 165 GiG 00 36 28.9369366464 -10 06 21.496364280 14.12 13.88 13.08     ~ 67 1
9 NGC 180 GiG 00 37 57.7068082440 +08 38 06.754410816   14.3       ~ 109 0
10 NGC 214 AGN 00 41 28.0237030104 +25 29 57.833719800   13.0       ~ 185 0
11 NGC 237 AGN 00 43 27.8628000144 -00 07 29.805209400   13.65 13.06 12.53 11.85 ~ 161 0
12 NGC 234 EmG 00 43 32.3817530400 +14 20 33.397671804   13.5       ~ 139 0
13 NGC 257 GiG 00 48 01.5091790304 +08 17 49.505819100   13.7       ~ 95 0
14 NGC 309 EmG 00 56 42.6581930088 -09 54 49.952323224   12.7   11.76 12.4 ~ 175 0
15 NGC 447 GiG 01 15 37.6496092752 +33 04 04.053702612   14.0       ~ 74 1
16 NGC 477 Sy2 01 21 20.3410541880 +40 29 17.414141208   14.0       ~ 110 0
17 IC 1683 GiG 01 22 38.867 +34 26 13.21   14.2       ~ 101 0
18 NGC 496 GiG 01 23 11.5872831672 +33 31 45.417105984   14.3       ~ 118 0
19 NGC 570 LIN 01 28 58.6382744976 -00 56 56.296696488   14.2       ~ 77 0
20 IC 159 EmG 01 46 25.0497187632 -08 38 11.829081012   14   13.08   ~ 56 1
21 NGC 681 Sy2 01 49 10.8143098656 -10 25 34.813193736   12.5   11.30 12.1 ~ 148 0
22 NGC 716 AG? 01 52 59.6547585288 +12 42 30.693406572   14.0       ~ 104 1
23 NGC 768 LIN 01 58 40.9396864704 +00 31 45.224952888   14.3       ~ 101 0
24 NGC 776 GiG 01 59 54.5182947984 +23 38 39.440979708   13.4       ~ 125 0
25 NGC 787 Sy1 02 00 48.6151408008 -09 00 09.216492804   13   12.21   ~ 50 1
26 NGC 873 EmG 02 16 32.3649137304 -11 20 54.546707076   13.1 12.71 12.174 13.0 ~ 82 1
27 Z 483-56 GiG 02 27 32.4768036552 +25 40 07.497760008   14.7       ~ 45 0
28 NGC 941 EmG 02 28 27.847 -01 09 05.61   12.8   13.0 12.9 ~ 158 0
29 NGC 991 LSB 02 35 32.6841762360 -07 09 15.862909536   12.36   12.7 12.6 ~ 166 1
30 NGC 1056 Sy2 02 42 48.2914236192 +28 34 26.660028468   13.5       ~ 180 0
31 NGC 1070 AG? 02 43 22.2706436304 +04 58 06.153414060   13.0       ~ 69 1
32 NGC 1094 LIN 02 47 27.8297462352 -00 17 06.476054676   13.5       ~ 92 0
33 NGC 1093 Sy2 02 48 16.1267562816 +34 25 11.324976636   14.3       ~ 80 0
34 Z 389-25 BiC 02 49 27.9504447648 -00 52 22.811119104   13.7   13.3 13.5 ~ 80 0
35 Z 389-57 LSB 02 58 21.4940052552 -02 02 30.845648508   14.6       ~ 63 0
36 MCG-01-10-019 EmG 03 40 42.9802407216 -06 24 54.559212624   15   13.26   ~ 64 1
37 NGC 1659 Sy2 04 46 29.9456285232 -04 47 19.848949980   13   12.32   ~ 75 0
38 NGC 1667 Sy2 04 48 37.1804579280 -06 19 11.824427712   13.66 12.86 11.72   ~ 384 2
39 NGC 2253 AG? 06 43 14.6846186952 +65 40 38.950679568   15.0       ~ 66 0
40 NGC 2347 LIN 07 16 04.087 +64 42 41.54   13.2       ~ 130 0
41 Z 177-41 EmG 07 38 36.4958350800 +37 38 00.677716116   14.481 13.889 13.424 12.761 ~ 98 0
42 Z 235-30 Sy1 07 42 32.8210670808 +49 48 34.783809768   14.74 14.27     ~ 769 1
43 Z 147-61 Sy2 07 44 09.1275236304 +29 14 50.762711400   13.28       ~ 145 1
44 NGC 2449 LIN 07 47 20.2981917816 +26 55 48.571415436   14.3       ~ 77 0
45 NGC 2487 LIN 07 58 20.4641458656 +25 08 57.241058784   13.28 12.23     ~ 128 0
46 Z 88-14 Sy2 07 59 40.1314683888 +15 23 12.616863324   14.0       ~ 76 0
47 Z 310-34 GiG 08 05 06.9237152856 +66 46 58.662972300   14.6       ~ 72 0
48 NGC 2529 GiG 08 07 55.6050454344 +17 49 06.512507940   14.7       ~ 52 0
49 NGC 2540 Q? 08 12 46.4478838824 +26 21 42.387277896   14.5       ~ 90 0
50 NGC 2543 GiP 08 12 57.955 +36 15 16.23   12.70       ~ 182 1
51 Z 119-29 AGN 08 17 25.7946713184 +21 41 07.680895332   14.5       ~ 111 0
52 Z 363-38 AG? 08 19 02.7815651040 +83 15 59.034195108   14.2       ~ 40 0
53 NGC 2558 LIN 08 19 12.7597192584 +20 30 38.643282396   14.6       ~ 108 0
54 NGC 2565 GiG 08 19 48.3010303872 +22 01 53.130704844   13.8       ~ 130 0
55 NGC 2595 H2G 08 27 42.0263359560 +21 28 44.704954668   13.9       ~ 198 0
56 NGC 2604 GiP 08 33 23.057 +29 32 19.03   15.38 14.92     ~ 122 0
57 NGC 2638 LIN 08 42 25.7663734872 +37 13 15.863193120   13.7       ~ 47 0
58 NGC 2639 Sy2 08 43 38.0682469032 +50 12 19.942091604 12.90 12.56 11.65     ~ 451 2
59 NGC 2730 G 09 02 15.839 +16 50 17.51   13.7       ~ 89 0
60 NGC 2805 GiP 09 20 20.3891233968 +64 06 10.716485004   11.9       ~ 226 1
61 NGC 2906 AGN 09 32 06.2228278920 +08 26 30.486567516   13.1       ~ 189 0
62 NGC 2916 Sy2 09 34 57.5933209584 +21 42 18.960584796 12.81 12.74 12.05     ~ 162 1
63 Z 152-31 G 09 35 26.2841238528 +29 48 45.490357944   15.0       ~ 75 0
64 NGC 3106 LIN 10 04 05.2518653088 +31 11 07.659854232   14.0       ~ 108 0
65 NGC 3057 LSB 10 05 39.306 +80 17 08.40   14.2       ~ 102 0
66 Z 313-9 AG? 10 15 00.666 +65 08 23.28   14.4       ~ 57 0
67 NGC 3381 GiG 10 48 24.7990862064 +34 42 41.068596852   12.8       ~ 180 0
68 IC 674 LIN 11 11 06.3568843680 +43 37 58.713641652   14.5       ~ 85 0
69 Z 39-108 LIN 11 18 00.1931937096 +07 50 41.683456284   14.9       ~ 60 0
70 NGC 3614 GiG 11 18 21.3370383720 +45 44 53.524032396   12.7       ~ 137 0
71 NGC 3687 H2G 11 28 00.6057378936 +29 30 39.756081528   13.0 12.58     ~ 150 0
72 NGC 3811 H2G 11 41 16.6113724536 +47 41 26.982320640   13.0       ~ 182 0
73 NGC 3994 LIN 11 57 36.8662975416 +32 16 39.447161112   13.51 12.87     ~ 207 1
74 Z 157-86 GiC 12 02 03.164 +29 50 53.11   14.3       ~ 109 0
75 NGC 4047 AG? 12 02 50.6855747352 +48 38 10.300035480   12.8       ~ 110 1
76 NGC 4185 LIN 12 13 22.1960178360 +28 30 39.646606428   13.5       ~ 116 0
77 NGC 4210 LIN 12 15 15.8513778552 +65 59 07.052376192   13.4       ~ 148 0
78 IC 776 EmG 12 19 03.119 +08 51 22.15   14.9       ~ 154 0
79 NGC 4470 H2G 12 29 37.8066943368 +07 49 27.284422224   12.9       ~ 257 0
80 NGC 4644A GiP 12 42 42.6501505728 +55 08 43.928947644   14.8       ~ 85 0
81 NGC 4961 EmG 13 05 47.5766802528 +27 44 03.247625004   13.5       ~ 196 0
82 NGC 5000 SBG 13 09 47.454 +28 54 25.07   14.0 13.41     ~ 182 1
83 NGC 5016 AGN 13 12 06.6662685192 +24 05 41.945286156   13.180 12.558 12.093 11.547 ~ 171 0
84 NGC 5056 AG? 13 16 12.3107192976 +30 57 01.644570360   13.6       ~ 155 0
85 NGC 5157 LIN 13 27 16.8572117376 +32 01 50.529499752   14.408       ~ 69 0
86 NGC 5205 LIN 13 30 03.5953653072 +62 30 41.584939200   13.5       ~ 139 0
87 NGC 5218 AGN 13 32 10.4297476488 +62 46 04.122362532   13.1       ~ 181 1
88 NGC 5267 LIN 13 40 39.9765450720 +38 47 38.639158116   14.3       ~ 59 0
89 Z 218-50 EmG 13 48 39.119 +43 24 44.73   14.6       ~ 100 0
90 NGC 5320 SyG 13 50 20.4032909280 +41 21 58.381675956   13.1   11.98   ~ 125 0
91 Z 132-27 LIN 13 52 22.7399528952 +21 32 21.657094296   14.5       ~ 66 0
92 NGC 5376 LIN 13 55 16.0377831672 +59 30 23.912235072   12.9       ~ 107 0
93 NGC 5378 LIN 13 56 51.0226429536 +37 47 50.075664720   13.8       ~ 113 0
94 NGC 5406 LIN 14 00 20.1233388144 +38 54 55.474400196   13.1       ~ 133 0
95 NGC 5480 AG? 14 06 21.522 +50 43 29.99   12.6       ~ 224 1
96 NGC 5520 AGN 14 12 22.8055823616 +50 20 54.479575320   13.3       ~ 141 0
97 Z 103-123 LIN 14 14 13.3919549352 +15 37 20.658531504   14.0       ~ 57 0
98 NGC 5519 GiG 14 14 20.8663998216 +07 30 57.391188696   14.6       ~ 63 0
99 NGC 5525 Sy2 14 15 39.2528174040 +14 16 57.312546312   14.1       ~ 60 0
100 NGC 5533 Sy2 14 16 07.7507477232 +35 20 37.879981584   13.0       ~ 189 0
101 NGC 5622 AGN 14 26 12.195 +48 33 50.31   14.105 13.440 12.948 12.412 ~ 92 0
102 Z 220-19 LSB 14 28 36.9000887328 +38 59 56.943337452   14.0       ~ 73 0
103 NGC 5656 EmG 14 30 25.5100383288 +35 19 15.733164180   12.73 12.43 13.29 11.46 ~ 125 1
104 NGC 5657 H2G 14 30 43.641 +29 10 50.31   14.4       ~ 112 0
105 NGC 5665 AG? 14 32 25.796 +08 04 42.43   12.6       ~ 154 0
106 NGC 5720 LIN 14 38 33.2828437080 +50 48 54.897094260   14.7       ~ 77 0
107 NGC 5732 AG? 14 40 38.9756466216 +38 38 16.358563788   14.4       ~ 86 0
108 Z 248-18 GiG 14 41 32.0219639160 +44 30 45.962947872   13.59       ~ 114 0
109 NGC 5735 LIN 14 42 33.2401484496 +28 43 35.256709848   14.06 13.36     ~ 84 0
110 NGC 5772 SyG 14 51 38.8893193080 +40 35 57.036405696   13.90       ~ 110 0
111 NGC 5888 LIN 15 13 07.3724076672 +41 15 52.641896508   14.3       ~ 98 0
112 Z 135-31 AG? 15 14 15.1527030192 +20 28 43.111148592   15.0       ~ 65 0
113 Z 194-5 G 15 25 05.7676728000 +37 57 36.448203672   15.4       ~ 53 0
114 NGC 5957 Sy2 15 35 23.2175160360 +12 02 51.281778048   13.3       ~ 143 0
115 NGC 5971 LIN 15 35 36.9069269808 +56 27 42.085126440   14.9       ~ 58 0
116 IC 4566 LIN 15 36 42.1586294592 +43 32 21.525766872   14.3       ~ 96 0
117 NGC 6004 GiG 15 50 22.7234510328 +18 56 21.333070932   13.4       ~ 107 0
118 IC 1151 AG? 15 58 32.3414987472 +17 26 29.272859340   13.4       ~ 147 0
119 NGC 6063 AG? 16 07 13.0021003512 +07 58 44.434838856   14.1       ~ 165 0
120 NGC 6154 LIN 16 25 30.4846438032 +49 50 24.910783008   13.60       ~ 81 1
121 NGC 6155 EmG 16 26 08.3352615552 +48 22 00.410482092   13.20       ~ 125 1
122 NGC 6301 GiG 17 08 32.7448601544 +42 20 20.859983448   14.6       ~ 77 0
123 NGC 6314 LIN 17 12 38.6880420672 +23 16 12.229407012 16.04 15.56 14.62 14.02 13.33 ~ 111 0
124 Z 299-71 Sy1 17 16 47.72291 +61 55 12.4198   14.50       ~ 67 1
125 IC 1256 AG? 17 23 47.2869698760 +26 29 11.470994700   14.297 13.551 13.022 12.434 ~ 106 0
126 NGC 6941 G 20 36 23.4741258768 -04 37 07.445724024   13.3   13.3 12.9 ~ 92 3
127 Z 374-28 LIN 20 55 27.6255622104 -01 13 30.895126896   14.5       ~ 79 0
128 VV 476a Sy1 21 07 41.3333148264 +03 52 17.983273044     15.3     ~ 39 1
129 NGC 7311 LIN 22 34 06.7905936096 +05 34 13.172695392   13.4       ~ 125 0
130 NGC 7321 LIN 22 36 28.0158181824 +21 37 18.374440296   15.4       ~ 114 0
131 NGC 7364 EmG 22 44 24.3715638768 -00 09 43.659115272   13.8       ~ 115 0
132 Z 495-25 LIN 22 47 25.063 +31 22 24.77   14.8       ~ 72 0
133 Z 405-12 AG? 22 52 38.3367927576 +06 05 37.218158628   15.30       ~ 89 0
134 NGC 7466 AGN 23 02 03.4724376888 +27 03 09.223962084   15.27 14.42     ~ 108 0
135 NGC 7489 AG? 23 07 32.6813971224 +22 59 52.998974304   14.3       ~ 99 0
136 NGC 7549 GiG 23 15 17.285 +19 02 29.92   14.1   12.79   ~ 133 0
137 NGC 7591 SyG 23 18 16.2727927344 +06 35 09.108933504   13.8       ~ 285 1
138 IC 5309 GiG 23 19 11.638 +08 06 33.58   15.0       ~ 132 0
139 NGC 7631 GiG 23 21 26.6685629592 +08 13 03.560510496   13.8       ~ 160 0
140 NGC 7653 LIN 23 24 49.3605599784 +15 16 32.129440788   12.06 11.91     ~ 118 1
141 Z 431-76 GiG 23 30 13.649 +15 45 39.68   15.4       ~ 54 0
142 NGC 7716 AG? 23 36 31.4564531712 +00 17 50.183061252   12.9   13.0 12.6 ~ 180 0
143 NGC 7722 LIN 23 38 41.2158577488 +15 57 16.894131300   13.7       ~ 99 0
144 Z 407-54 AG? 23 45 10.2010624800 +07 02 31.790927508   14.8       ~ 39 0
145 Z 381-56 LSB 23 51 50.6809891488 +03 04 57.754612308   15.0       ~ 73 0
146 NGC 7782 LIN 23 53 53.8783976472 +07 58 14.183435064   13.2       ~ 121 0
147 NGC 7787 AG? 23 56 07.8162173688 +00 32 57.979989312   15.7       ~ 80 0
148 NAME Galactic Bulge reg ~ ~           ~ 4794 0

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