2025ApJ...980...88A

Query : 2025ApJ...980...88A

2025ApJ...980...88A - Astrophys. J., 980, 88 (2025/February-2)

Study of Long-term Spectral Evolution and X-Ray and γ-Ray Correlation of Blazars Seen by HAWC.

ALFARO R., ALVAREZ C., ANDRES A., ARTEAGA-VELAZQUEZ J.C., AVILA ROJAS D., AYALA SOLARES H.A., BABU R., BELMONT-MORENO E., BERNAL A., CABALLERO-MORA K.S., CAPISTRAN T., CARRAMINANA A., CARREON F., CASANOVA S., COTTI U., COTZOMI J., COUTINO DE LEON S., DE LA FUENTE E., DEPAOLI D., DI LALLA N., DIAZ HERNANDEZ R., DINGUS B.L., DUVERNOIS M.A., DUROCHER M., DIAZ-VELEZ J.C., ENGEL K., ESPINOZA C., FAN K.L., FRAIJA N., FRAIJA S., GARCIA-GONZALEZ J.A., GARFIAS F., GONZALEZ MUNOZ A., GONZALEZ M.M., GOODMAN J.A., GROETSCH S., HARDING J.P., HERNANDEZ-CADENA S., HERZOG I., HUANG D., HUEYOTL-ZAHUANTITLA F., IRIARTE A., JOSHI V., KAUFMANN S., KIEDA D., LARA A., LEE W.H., LEE J., LEON VARGAS H., LINNEMANN J.T., LONGINOTTI A.L., LUIS-RAYA G., MALONE K., MARTINEZ O., MARTINEZ-CASTELLANOS I., MARTINEZ-CASTRO J., MATTHEWS J.A., MIRANDA-ROMAGNOLI P., MONTES J.A., MORENO E., MOSTAFA M., NAYERHODA A., NELLEN L., NISA M.U., NORIEGA-PAPAQUI R., OMODEI N., OSORIO M., PEREZ ARAUJO Y., PEREZ-PEREZ E.G., RHO C.D., ROSA-GONZALEZ D., RUIZ-VELASCO E., SALAZAR H., SALAZAR-GALLEGOS D., SANDOVAL A., SCHNEIDER M., SERNA-FRANCO J., SMITH A.J., SON Y., SPRINGER R.W., TIBOLLA O., TOLLEFSON K., TORRES I., TORRES-ESCOBEDO R., TURNER R., URENA-MENA F., VARELA E., VILLASENOR L., WANG X., WATSON I.J., WHITAKER K., WILLOX E., YUN-CARCAMO S., ZHOU H., DE LEON C. (The HAWC Collaboration), FALCONE A.D. and HANCOCK F.

Abstract (from CDS):

The HAWC Observatory collected 6 yr of extensive data, providing an ideal platform for long-term monitoring of blazars in the very high energy (VHE) band, without bias toward specific flux states. HAWC continuously monitors blazar activity at TeV energies, focusing on sources with a redshift of z ≤ 0.3, based on the Third Fermi-LAT Catalog of High-Energy sources. We specifically focused our analysis on Mrk 421 and Mrk 501, as they are the brightest blazars observed by the HAWC Observatory. With a data set of 2143 days, this work significantly extends the monitoring previously published, which was based on 511 days of observation. By utilizing HAWC data for the VHE γ-ray emission in the 300 GeV-100 TeV energy range, in conjunction with Swift-XRT data for the 0.3-10 keV X-ray emission, we aim to explore potential correlations between these two bands. For Mrk 501, we found evidence of a long-term correlation. Additionally, we identified a period in the light curve where the flux was very low for more than 2 yr. On the other hand, our analysis of Mrk 421 measured a strong linear correlation for quasi-simultaneous observations collected by HAWC and Swift-XRT. This result is consistent with a linear dependence and a multiple-zone synchrotron self-Compton model to explain the X-ray and γ-ray emission. Finally, as suggested by previous findings, we confirm a harder-when-brighter behavior in the spectral evolution of the flux properties for Mrk 421. These findings contribute to the understanding of blazar emissions and their underlying mechanisms.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Active galactic nuclei - High energy astrophysics - Blazars - Gamma-ray astronomy - Gamma-ray detectors - Gamma-ray observatories - X-ray observatories

Simbad objects: 2

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Number of rows : 2
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 Z 184-50 BLL 11 04 27.3140835504 +38 12 31.798495872   13.50 12.90 8.31   ~ 2841 1
2 Z 225-7 BLL 16 53 52.21668403 +39 45 36.6088754 14.09 14.15 13.29 8.26   ~ 2304 2

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