2025ApJ...980..227C

Query : 2025ApJ...980..227C

2025ApJ...980..227C - Astrophys. J., 980, 227 (2025/February-3)

Periodic Variability of the Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae Surveyed through the Zwicky Transient Facility.

CHEN P., FANG X., CHEN X. and LIU J.

Abstract (from CDS):

A consensus has been reached in recent years that binarity plays an important role in the formation and evolution of a significant fraction of planetary nebulae (PNe). Utilizing the archived photometric data from the Zwicky Transient Facility survey, we conducted a comprehensive data mining in search of brightness variations in a large sample of Galactic PNe. This effort led to identification of 39 PNe, whose central stars exhibit periodic variation in light curves. Among these objects, 20 are known binary central stars of PNe, while the remaining 19 are new discoveries. Additionally, we identified 14 PNe with central stars displaying anomalous variation in light curves, as well as eight variables based on the high-cadence photometric data. Among the new discoveries of periodicity, we found compelling evidence of binary systems at the centers of two archetypal quadrupolar PNe. We also report on very peculiar brightness variation observed in the central core of the compact PN NGC 6833. Several PNe in our sample deserve follow-up observations, both high-dispersion spectroscopy and high-precision photometry, to reveal the true nature of their central binarity or even multiplicity.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Planetary nebulae - Planetary nebulae nuclei - Binary stars - Close binary stars - Stellar evolution

Simbad objects: 102

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Number of rows : 102
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 NGC 246 PN 00 47 03.3420341616 -11 52 18.971126076 10.15 11.52 11.76 12.18   PG1159 489 0
2 PN WeSb 1 PN 01 00 54.1058913510 +55 04 00.033655555       15.002   ~ 24 0
3 WeBo 1 PN 02 40 14.3689395768 +61 09 16.795011780   16.25 14.45     K0III:pBa5CaIIem 44 1
4 PN HFG 1 PN 03 03 47.0096763024 +64 54 35.517676320     14.56 13.99   ~ 114 0
5 V* GK Per No* 03 31 12.0098863320 +43 54 15.469951212   14.139 13.090 12.589   K1IV 986 0
6 NGC 1501 PN 04 06 59.3920909320 +60 55 14.278542024   15.17 13.0     [WO4] 314 1
7 PN G164.8-09.8 PN 04 25 26.8499382195 +35 06 07.873252560           ~ 8 0
8 PN G173.7-09.2 PN 04 54 33.6804251170 +28 49 28.971365894           ~ 6 0
9 PN A66 7 PN 05 03 07.5327419904 -15 36 22.720814352 13.99 15.190 15.495 15.632 15.818 DAO.6 123 0
10 PN G174.5-03.0 PN 05 20 15.8718862641 +31 49 38.657919101           ~ 1 0
11 EM* VES 890 Em* 05 21 57.0315103464 +39 31 02.473103604           ~ 14 1
12 PN K 3-69 PN 05 41 22.1331492696 +39 15 07.885515492           ~ 43 0
13 V* AB Lep RS* 05 55 06.6090015168 -22 54 02.422292148           sdO+Ke 61 0
14 IC 2149 PN 05 56 23.9011721904 +46 06 17.204826816   11.21 11.35     O7.5 439 0
15 PN G197.4-06.4 PN 05 59 24.8669398728 +10 41 40.411774572   16.958 17.226 17.338 17.489 DA.3 54 1
16 PN HDW 6 PN 06 40 09.279 +21 24 48.58           ~ 25 0
17 IRAS 06518-1041 PN 06 54 13.4357342304 -10 45 38.277195336           [WC7/8] 44 1
18 PN G225.5-02.5 PN? 07 05 37.2262858272 -12 24 51.918436836           ~ 9 1
19 PN G219.2+07.5 PN 07 29 58.4752358832 -02 06 37.601058600 11.749 12.830 13.017 13.076 13.164 sdO 82 0
20 PN M 1-16 PN 07 37 18.90193 -09 38 47.9580   14.959 13.393 14.669   ~ 188 0
21 PN A66 30 PN 08 46 53.4639874872 +17 52 46.369394580   14.23 14.30 13.47   [WC5] 431 0
22 PG 0948+534 PN 09 51 25.9386749256 +53 09 30.722690664   14.955 15.315 15.200   DA.4 52 0
23 PG 1034+001 HS* 10 37 03.8002625256 -00 08 19.118365188 11.589 12.863 13.228 13.383 13.587 sdB/sdO 131 0
24 SBSS 1150+599 PN 11 53 24.7392231288 +59 39 57.050391708   17.5       O(H)III-V 78 0
25 V* BE UMa CV* 11 57 44.8279856952 +48 56 18.313757772   15.437 15.373 14.867   DO+M1/5e 140 0
26 NGC 5189 PN 13 33 32.8780414224 -65 58 27.041428272   14.1 14.5   14.35 [WO1] 331 1
27 PN Me 2-1 PN 15 22 19.2811793544 -23 37 31.412401104   12.2 12.20     ~ 224 0
28 IC 4593 PN 16 11 44.5479462840 +12 04 17.031388584   10.91 10.84     O7fp 462 0
29 EM* AS 217 Sy* 17 07 21.7345450632 -34 05 14.436760812       13.937   M6e 70 0
30 NGC 6309 PN 17 14 04.3074600360 -12 54 37.893271860   11.6       O(He) 320 1
31 PN G000.7+08.0 PN 17 17 09.0 -23 56 29           ~ 10 1
32 PN M 3-39 PN 17 21 11.29320 -27 11 37.0568           ~ 85 1
33 PN G002.4+07.0 PN 17 24 53.2235779296 -23 02 34.693768608           ~ 8 1
34 PN Th 3-12 PN 17 25 06.1265978981 -29 45 16.998857110         15.647 ~ 47 0
35 PHR J1725-2338 PN 17 25 41.64013 -23 38 32.9478           ~ 11 1
36 PN Th 3-15 PN 17 27 10.6020826176 -27 43 58.817283348           ~ 37 0
37 PN A66 41 PN 17 29 02.0258857104 -15 13 04.482114960   16.06 15.95     sdO 146 1
38 PTB 26 PN 17 29 13.25020 -16 47 42.4221           ~ 12 1
39 PN G006.2+06.9 PN 17 34 13.85256 -20 00 52.6537           ~ 9 1
40 OGLE BLG-DSCT-12850 dS* 17 38 25.5820043163 -20 52 17.959110524         17.599 ~ 2 0
41 PN G006.0+05.6 PN 17 38 25.7 -20 52 18           ~ 7 1
42 JaSt2 4 PN 17 42 28.0559366592 -27 13 31.779835356     16.459   14.822 ~ 13 0
43 PN K 5-16 PN 17 45 28.38667 -25 38 12.8737           ~ 26 0
44 PN H 2-22 PN 17 47 33.9413420071 -21 47 23.217346161           ~ 38 0
45 PN Th 4-11 PN 18 00 08.7874670784 -17 40 43.334474880           ~ 41 0
46 GPSR5 6.778-0.096 Rad 18 01 19.00000 -23 08 43.0800           ~ 3 0
47 PN M 1-34 PN 18 01 22.1433237509 -33 17 45.278674050         16.314 ~ 73 0
48 2MASS J18052034-2503325 LP* 18 05 20.3476966679 -25 03 32.552916455           ~ 3 0
49 PN MaC 1-11 PN 18 14 50.89 -22 43 55.7           ~ 34 0
50 PN G022.5+04.8 PN 18 15 13.3622987280 -06 57 12.508499340     18     ~ 18 0
51 PN G021.2+02.9 PN? 18 19 06.6703566936 -09 01 50.585235276           ~ 7 1
52 SS 372 PN 18 25 17.1140390669 -17 56 28.599373248       15.971   ~ 7 0
53 PN A66 46 PN 18 31 18.5910709560 +26 56 12.110750088       15.050   O9k 190 0
54 PN K 3-5 PN 18 31 45.8281755432 +04 05 09.319126848           ~ 40 0
55 CGMW 4-1723 PN 18 35 44.6217817800 -27 51 20.111130936           ~ 11 1
56 V* V348 Sgr pA* 18 40 19.9290428808 -22 54 29.308207716   12.1       B0/1?I?e 192 0
57 PN M 2-46 PN 18 46 34.6173214361 -08 28 01.989963760         15.183 ~ 76 0
58 PN G033.8+01.5 PN 18 47 45.4170218064 +01 32 47.182660944           ~ 9 1
59 PN G044.1+05.8 PN 18 50 46.8610793064 +12 37 29.843864796           ~ 21 0
60 PN G022.7-05.4 PN 18 52 22.5296007496 -11 28 28.000724169         17.497 ~ 1 0
61 PPA J1855-2328 PN 18 55 04.8751234872 -23 28 12.799791768           O(H)6III-V 15 1
62 PN Y-C 2-32 PN 18 55 30.6705727224 -21 49 39.811373832           ~ 41 0
63 PN K 3-20 PN 19 02 10.1580699528 -01 48 45.405616140           ~ 38 0
64 PN M 4-12 PN 19 13 05.4493583551 +15 46 39.915114808   16.327 15.095 15.678   ~ 100 0
65 PN G047.3+01.2 PN 19 13 45.2995609294 +13 22 10.041770524           ~ 1 0
66 ATO J289.1311+36.1632 RS* 19 16 31.4893892688 +36 09 47.679159096           ~ 41 0
67 IRAS 19170+1706 PN 19 19 18.7059814104 +17 11 48.877947312   16.390 14.958 14.753   O(H)9I 30 0
68 NAME PN Pa 5 PN 19 19 30.5039701128 +44 45 42.705010116     15.670     O(He) 22 0
69 PN G044.3-04.1 PN? 19 27 17.9451659952 +08 14 29.350478364           ~ 6 0
70 NAME PN AMU 1 PN 19 31 08.8801090728 +43 24 57.692231064   13.39 13.64 13.83   O(H)3Vz 40 1
71 PN G049.3-04.0 PN 19 36 36.500 +12 38 02.27           ~ 1 0
72 PN G041.4-09.6 PN 19 41 21.0361239162 +03 07 17.985973025           ~ 1 0
73 PN A66 63 PN 19 42 10.2896588688 +17 05 14.458509132           sdO+G: 222 1
74 IRAS 19417+1701 RS* 19 43 59.5114618200 +17 09 00.963778248   11.2   10.6   ~ 71 0
75 NGC 6833 PN 19 49 46.5667474512 +48 57 40.113276876           ~ 181 0
76 PN G063.2+00.2 PN 19 50 11.4921147845 +26 43 31.788789583           ~ 3 0
77 PN G079.8+08.6 PN 19 56 00.8705860056 +45 23 16.417743910           ~ 1 0
78 ZTF J195723.22+235248.3 BY* 19 57 23.2324398391 +23 52 48.330036796           ~ 9 0
79 PN G070.0+01.8 a PN 20 00 05.39184 +33 28 43.6728           ~ 4 0
80 GALEX J200007.2+332859 mul 20 00 06.2 +33 28 53           ~ 5 0
81 PN K 1-6 PN 20 04 14.2789921536 +74 25 36.381398736   12.82 12.07     K 40 0
82 PN M 1-75 PN 20 04 44.21070 +31 27 26.6673           ~ 102 2
83 Hen 1-5 pA* 20 11 56.0595568008 +20 20 04.420944132 11.41 10.66 9.45     G8/K0Iae 523 0
84 IRAS 20124+1154 PN 20 14 51.6019431739 +12 03 53.427482983       16.091   ~ 22 0
85 Hen 3-1863 PN 20 19 28.6995237984 -41 31 27.491019204   10.51 10.65     ~ 43 0
86 NGC 6905 PN 20 22 22.9919225472 +20 06 16.285052088   16.3 14.5     [WC3] 362 0
87 PN G075.0-07.2 PN 20 48 58.3580447949 +32 18 14.734571432   13.443 12.695 12.454   ~ 9 0
88 NAME PN Ou 5 PN 21 14 20.0353940151 +43 41 36.048322335           ~ 35 0
89 HS 2115+1148 WD* 21 18 18.7296068280 +12 01 32.074432284   16.0   16.7   DAOZ.8 24 0
90 Lan 384 PN 21 23 09.3367290758 +38 58 12.231971218           ~ 20 0
91 PHL 4 HS* 21 26 21.1727254224 +00 58 34.224083832   13.9 14.1     sdO2VIeHe11 19 0
92 ATO J322.0457+58.8763 RS* 21 28 10.9809574104 +58 52 35.035562100   19.2       ~ 11 0
93 [D75b] Em* 21-021 PN 21 29 58.4711786760 +51 04 00.323924520   15.66 14.20 13.89   O7(f)/[WC11] 259 0
94 IC 5117 PN 21 32 30.96912 +44 35 47.5404           ~ 310 1
95 PN K 3-83 PN 21 35 43.83336 +50 54 16.2360           ~ 32 0
96 NGC 7094 PN 21 36 52.9687364088 +12 47 19.099274136     13.650 13.775   sdB/sdO 207 0
97 PN G100.3+02.8 PN 21 49 11.6970192711 +57 27 19.744734489           ~ 9 0
98 PN G097.6-02.4 PN 21 57 41.7846489624 +51 41 39.289876548           ~ 77 0
99 PN G107.7+07.8 PN 22 13 22.5173641536 +65 53 55.403639880   18.142 18.160 18.118 18.098 DA 43 1
100 NGC 7293 PN 22 29 38.5454047152 -20 50 13.747242408 11.894 13.158 13.524 13.689 13.898 DAO.5 983 1
101 PN K 3-87 PN 22 55 06.9347561376 +56 42 31.022604684           ~ 40 0
102 IRAS 23545+6441 PN? 23 57 00.1583797656 +64 57 25.047228636           ~ 4 0

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