2025ApJ...989L..33K

Query : 2025ApJ...989L..33K

2025ApJ...989L..33K - Astrophys. J., 989, L33 (2025/August-3)

JWST and Ground-based Observations of the Type Iax Supernovae SN 2024pxl and SN 2024vjm: Evidence for Weak Deflagration Explosions.

KWOK L.A., SINGH M., JHA S.W., BLONDIN S., DASTIDAR R., LARISON C., MILLER A.A., ANDREWS J.E., ANDREWS M., ANUPAMA G.C., AUCHETTL K., BANHIDI D., BARNA B., BOSTROEM K.A., BRINK T.G., CARTIER R., CHEN P., CHRISTY C.T., COULTER D.A., COVARRUBIAS S., DAVIS K.W., DICKINSON C.B., DONG Y., FARAH J.R., FILIPPENKO A.V., FLORS A., FOLEY R.J., FRANZ N., FREMLING C., GALBANY L., GANGOPADHYAY A., GARG A., GARNAVICH P., GATES E.L., GRAUR O., GORDON A.C., HIRAMATSU D., HOANG E., HOWELL D.A., HSU B., JOHANSSON J., JOSHI A., KAHINGA L.A., KAUR R., KUMAR S., KUMNURDMANEE P., KUNCARAYAKTI H., LEBARON N., LIU C., MAEDA K., MAGUIRE K., McCULLY C., MEHTA D., MENOTTI L.M., METEVIER A.J., MISRA K., MURPHEY C.T., NEWSOME M., PADILLA GONZALEZ E., PATRA K.C., PEARSON J., PIRO A.L., POLIN A., RAVI A.P., REST A., REHEMTULLA N., MEZA RETAMAL N., ROBINSON O.M., ROJAS-BRAVO C., SAHU D.K., SAND D.J., SCHMIDT B.P., SCHULZE S., SCHWAB M., SHRESTHA M., SIEBERT M.R., SIMHA S., SMITH N., SOLLERMAN J., SUBRAYAN B.M., SZALAI T., TAGGART K., TEJA R.S., TEMIM T., TERWEL J.H., TINYANONT S., VALENTI S., ANAIS VILCHEZ J., VINKO J., WESTERLING A.L., YANG Y. and ZHENG W.

Abstract (from CDS):

We present panchromatic optical + near-infrared (NIR) + mid-infrared (MIR) observations of the intermediate-luminosity Type Iax supernova (SN Iax) 2024pxl and the extremely low-luminosity SN Iax 2024vjm. JWST observations provide unprecedented MIR spectroscopy of SN Iax, spanning from +11 to +42 day past maximum light. We detect forbidden emission lines in the MIR at these early times while the optical and NIR are dominated by permitted lines with an absorption component. Panchromatic spectra at early times can thus simultaneously show nebular and photospheric lines, probing both inner and outer layers of the ejecta. We identify spectral lines not seen before in SN Iax, including [Mg II] 4.76 μm, [Mg II] 9.71 μm, [Ne II] 12.81 μm, and isolated O I 2.76 μm that traces unburned material. Forbidden emission lines of all species are centrally peaked with similar kinematic distributions, indicating that the ejecta are well mixed in both SN 2024pxl and SN 2024vjm, a hallmark of pure deflagration explosion models. Radiative transfer modeling of SN 2024pxl shows good agreement with a weak deflagration of a near-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf, but additional IR flux is needed to match the observations, potentially attributable to a surviving remnant. Similarly, we find SN 2024vjm is also best explained by a weak deflagration model, despite the large difference in luminosity between the two supernovae. Future modeling should push to even weaker explosions and include the contribution of a bound remnant. Our observations demonstrate the diagnostic power of panchromatic spectroscopy for unveiling explosion physics in thermonuclear supernovae.

Abstract Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Journal keyword(s): Supernovae - Type Ia supernovae - White dwarf stars

Simbad objects: 20

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Number of rows : 20
N Identifier Otype ICRS (J2000)
RA 		ICRS (J2000)
DEC 		Mag U Mag B Mag V Mag R Mag I Sp type #ref
1850 - 2026 		#notes
1 SN 2005hk SN* 00 27 50.89 -01 11 53.3   15.92       SNIax 240 1
2 SNR G130.7+03.1 SNR 02 05 35.73 +64 49 41.3           ~ 661 4
3 SN 2020udy SN* 02 06 49.350 +44 35 15.29           SN.Iax[02cx-like] 10 0
4 SN 2019muj SN* 02 26 18.472 -09 50 09.92           SNIax 23 0
5 SN 2012Z SN* 03 22 05.39641 -15 23 14.9390           SNIax 142 1
6 SN 2008ge SN* 04 08 24.68 -47 53 47.4           SNIapec 63 1
7 SN 2021aefx SN* 04 19 53.380 -54 56 53.24           SNIa 48 0
8 SN 2022xkq SN* 05 05 23.710 -11 52 56.10           SNI/Ic 9 0
9 SN 2010ae SN* 07 15 54.65 -57 20 36.9           SNIax 68 1
10 SN 2021fcg SN* 09 04 32.370 +85 29 48.44           SNIax 8 0
11 SN 2015H SN* 10 54 42.2 -21 04 14           SNIax 35 1
12 SN 2014dt SN* 12 21 57.6 +04 28 18           SNIax 68 1
13 SN 2022pul SN* 12 26 48.846 +08 26 55.32           SNIa 21 0
14 SN 2020kyg SN* 13 11 39.603 +22 54 55.85           SNIa 13 0
15 SN 2002cx SN* 13 13 49.72 +06 57 31.9   17.68       SNIapec 240 1
16 SN 2019gsc SN* 14 37 45.204 +52 43 36.31           SNIax 22 0
17 SN 2024pxl SN* 17 32 27.350 +07 03 44.68           SNIax 5 0
18 SN 2024vjm SN* 19 09 25.780 -63 50 01.75           SNIax 4 0
19 SN 2014ck SN* 22 45 38.9 +73 09 43           SNIax 33 1
20 SN 2008ha SN* 23 34 52.69 +18 13 35.4           SNIax 203 1

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